ICT705 Data System and Integration: E-Government System Architecture

This report provides a comprehensive overview of enterprise information architecture and intelligent enterprise design, focusing on their application in developing an intelligent E-Government system. It highlights the shift from historical reporting to anticipate and shape methodologies, emphasizing the benefits of actionable data, real-time processing, and Enterprise Information Architecture Reference Architecture (EIA RA). The report details the advantages of EIA RA, including efficient change management, data sharing, improved productivity, and simplified integration. It concludes by recommending the adoption of the EIA RA approach for the Australian Federal Government to enhance its E-Government system, emphasizing the potential for improved connectivity and service delivery. Desklib offers a wealth of resources for students seeking similar solved assignments and past papers.

DATA SYSTEM AND INTEGRATION
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DATA SYSTEM AND INTEGRATION
Executive summary
The intention of the report is to provide a clear and concise discussion of the enterprise
information architecture and intelligent enterprise design. A clear discussion of Intelligent
Enterprise Design is briefly discussed in this report. The business vision for the future
intelligent E-Government System is briefly provided in the report. The benefits of an EIA RA
approach that could be gained by the government with the development of an E-
Government system is briefly stated in this report. The anticipate and shape is significantly
advantageous than the historical reporting. An appropriate conclusion is provided for
concluding the discussion of the report.
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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction.........................................................................................................3
2.0 Intelligent Enterprise Design................................................................................3
2.1 Information sources.............................................................................................3
2.2 Processing............................................................................................................4
3.0 Enterprise Information Architecture Reference Architecture.............................4
Proposed solution......................................................................................................6
4.0 Recommendation.................................................................................................6
5.0 Conclusion................................................................................................................7
References......................................................................................................................8
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1.0 Introduction
This report aims to provide the clear discussion about the Enterprise Information
Architecture Reference Architecture. A clear discussion of Intelligent Enterprise Design is
briefly discussed in this report. The business vision for the future intelligent E-Government
System is briefly provided in the report. The benefits of an EIA RA approach that could be
gained by the government with the development of an E-Government system is briefly
stated in this report. Lastly this report concludes with an appropriate conclusion along with
recommendation for the report.
2.0 Intelligent Enterprise Design
The business vision for the future intelligent E-Government system is to connect the
people using a single platform and provide the required help to the people with the
enhanced products and the services. It aims to create the enhanced methods of
communication and coordination.
2.1 Information sources
In the historical reporting, the information sources are the information that are
collected from the internal transactional systems. This data are some examples of data
regarding any event that has already taken place and conclusion is drawn based on the data
that is in possession. In the anticipate and shape, the data that is used is the actionable data
that is analysed and collected from several sources that includes the internal sources, new
instrumented data and the unstructured as well as societal data. There are several benefits
of actionable data that helps in the enhancement of the business. At core of the benefits,
the actionable data provides the host of the useful data that helps in shaping better
business decisions. This is process, which intakes several kinds of information and then
mathematically digs out the vital trends and the actionable data. There are several benefits
of the actionable data which assists in enhancing the business process of the organisations.
Some of the benefits are:
 Enhanced response times: The data that are collected could help in understanding
the business processes and then predict the future market trends for which the
organisation needs to be extensively prepared.
 Working with intelligence: The analytics of the information of the organisation helps
in gaining the valuable insight regarding how the measures are performing. It could
help in preparing about the future disruptions and any adverse situation that could
damage the organisation extensively.
 In house consulting: With the knowledge about the popular devices and the manner
by which the devices are used in the organisation, the managers could have the
knowledge about the global costs per user and the aspects that are to be expected
when the budgeting and the devising of the security measures is done.
 Data visualisation: The data visualisation is the analysis of the huge amount of data
and then extracting the useful information from this huge amount of data. The data
visualisation helps any individual within the organisation to easily grasp the difficult
aspects and then identify the new patters in the data deprived of the requirement of
any complex analysis.
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2.2 Processing
In the historical reporting, the processing is done of the large databases and then
snapshots are created about the past. In the anticipate and shape, the processing of the
data is done in real time and the information about the present conditions is provided to the
business for making the better informed decisions. There are several benefits that are
achieved using the real time processing of the data of the organisation and some of the
benefits are:
Knowledge of the errors within the organisation: The real-time insight into the errors
helps the companies to react quickly for mitigating the effects of the operational problems.
It could save the operation from lagging behind and prevent the situation when the
customers could not be provided with the service.
Knowledge about the new strategies of the competition: With the real time
processing of the information of organisation, the business could gain significant business
advantage and make extensive developments in their field that could not be done by the
competitions. It helps in gaining the notification in the instant moment about the direct
competitor who is altering the strategies of business of might be lowering the prices of the
products of business.
Improvement of the services: The real time processing of the data of the
organisation could help in leading to the higher conversion rate and gain significant extra
revenue. When the organisations monitor all the products of the organisation that are
utilised by the customers, it could accurately react to all the upcoming failures that might be
faced by the organisation.
Detection of fraud in real time: There are several kinds of fraud that are predicted in
the businesses. These frauds could lead to the loss of the business capital and the important
resources and the business are required to have the valuable insight of any kind of fraud
that might happen to the data or information or any prospect and secure that particular
prospect with additional security. This kind of threat is majorly faced in the financial sector
where the information are majorly about the finances of the organisations. With the
implementation of the real time processing of the information constantly, the appropriate
authorities could be notified quickly regarding any fraud that might be happening. The IT
department of the organisations could take the appropriate actions immediately.
Cost saving: With the implementation of the real time processing in the
organisations, there could be significant cost savings for the organisations. The tools of
information processing might be expensive but it would save significant amount money in
the near future. There would be the elimination of the waiting time for the businesses and
the in-memory databases and it would also help in reducing the burden on the overall IT
landscape of the organisation by freeing the resources that were previously devoted to the
corresponding departments and were used for responding to request for reports.
3.0 Enterprise Information Architecture Reference Architecture
In the present world, any enterprise architecture comprises of the EIA. The aim of the
Enterprise Information Architecture is to supply the mutual framework for executing
the task of the data sharing using the cost-effective techniques among the various
organisational units who are tasked with the responsibility of maintaining the security
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and privacy of any specific information (Da Xu 2014). It has been majorly suggested to
exploit the information architecture when the organisation faces the situations such as
the assessment of the redundancy of organisation, the assessment of the redundancy
of all the processes as well as the design and the development of the mutual language
of business or assessment of any redundancy of technology (Bernaert et al. 2014). This
architecture is being extensively utilised in the present world for exploiting the benefits
of this architecture (Rouhani et al. 2015). In the initial phase, mutual understanding is
offered by the enterprise information architecture that is majorly required among the
business lines using the assistance of the models whose creation is done from the
perception of overall organisation (Bernus, Noran and Molina 2015).
With the utilisation of the corporate data model, the enterprise information
architecture provides the extensive evaluation of any existing data framework along
with the immense planning for the re-engineering of information for the maintenance
of the combined set of the framework (Agievich and Skripkin 2014). It has been
observed that the organisation tends to utilise the enterprise information architecture
because it provides the huge benefit of the simplified integration of all the corporate
innovative data with the existing conditions of the systems along with the data that has
been mapped to any specific data model of the organisation rather than databases
(Chorafas 2016). The validation of the packaged application that is required in any
organisation is allowed by the enterprise information architecture. The simplified
orientation might be provided to all the new resources due to the fact that is comprises
of the ability of having the access to any chosen section of essential model of
enterprise information architecture (Hullavarad, O’Hare and Roy 2015). The
operational services, standards and the guidelines are established using the enterprise
information architecture that performs the determination of the development of the
environment of enterprise system. Some other benefits of the enterprise information
architecture reference architecture are:
 Enabling of efficient change management using the connection of strategic
requirements to the systems that offers the required assistance for the support
as well as using the association of business model to applications design (Lu et al.
2014). The Information systems are often modified agreeing to the changes in
the enterprise business and the operating models and any other external and
internal factors which influences the enterprise extensively (Yu, Silveira and
Sundaram 2016). The alteration could be systematically managed with the
exploitation of the process of engineering change management. The major issue
of the ECM process has been observed that the changes in the information
systems are not done often by the proper analysis and the impact often are not
completely evaluated with the respect to complete enterprise architecture and
the strategy of evolution (Zarvić and Wieringa 2014). Several researchers have
provided the model that links the aspects of the operational change
management as well as the strategic management of the enterprise architecture
(Bogner and Zimmermann 2016). The process of the evaluation has been
triggered by the change requests of the information system that are mapped to
the present enterprise information architecture, the identification of the several
change request implementation scenarios is done by the relationship in
enterprise architecture (Olsen and Trelsgård 2016).
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 Simplification of the derivation of the strategic information consistently and
accurately from all the operational data
 The effective data sharing is promoted and hence it helps in reducing the data
redundancy that leads to the reduction of the costs of the maintenance (Romero
and Vernadat 2016)
 The productivity that is gained from the development of any component is
improved and it also enables the reutilisation and the efficient management
(Simon, Fischbach and Schoder 2014)
 Simplification of the assessment of packaged application for the accurate
information gaining in the organisation by making the efficient and accurate
assumption regarding the effective development of function model as well the
corporate model of data is executed (Kaushik and Raman 2015.)
 Simplification of the integration of all the acquired data of companies in
environment of system as the data has been mapped in the logical corporate
data model is done rather than placing directly placing the data in physical
tables.
 Offers the mutual language development among lines of several businesses as
the development of model is executed from perspective of the wide range of the
enterprise (Cruz and Vasconcelos 2015)
Proposed solution
Figure: E-Government system architecture
4.0 Recommendation
It is recommended to the Australian Federal Government to develop the
eGovernment system using EIA RA approach as it would provide the government several
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benefits and the development would be simplified extensively. This technology of the
Australian Federal Government would help in connecting the various departments of the
government and it would also help in providing the enhanced services to the people of the
country. There would be development of the country with the implementation of the
eGovernment system in the country and it would simplify several process of the
government and it would provide the simplified means of reaching the people.
5.0 Conclusion
Therefore it can be concluded that the EIA RA approach of the Australian Federal
Government is helpful for the government of the country and it would provide several
benefits to the common people. In the historical reporting, the information sources are the
information that are collected from the internal transactional systems. This data are some
examples of data regarding any event that has already taken place and conclusion is drawn
based on the data that is in possession. In the anticipate and shape, the data that is used is
the actionable data that is analysed and collected from several sources that includes the
internal sources, new instrumented data and the unstructured as well as societal data. In
the present world, any enterprise architecture comprises of the EIA. The aim of the
Enterprise Information Architecture is to supply the mutual framework for executing the
task of the data sharing using the cost-effective techniques among the various
organisational units who are tasked with the responsibility of maintaining the security and
privacy of any specific information.
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References
Agievich, V. and Skripkin, K., 2014. Enterprise Architecture migration planning using the
Matrix of Change. Procedia Computer Science, 31, pp.231-235.
Bernaert, M., Poels, G., Snoeck, M. and De Backer, M., 2014. Enterprise architecture for
small and medium-sized enterprises: a starting point for bringing EA to SMEs, based on
adoption models. In Information systems for small and medium-sized enterprises (pp. 67-
96). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Bernus, P., Noran, O. and Molina, A., 2015. Enterprise architecture: Twenty years of the
GERAM framework. Annual Reviews in Control, 39, pp.83-93.
Bogner, J. and Zimmermann, A., 2016, September. Towards integrating microservices with
adaptable enterprise architecture. In 2016 IEEE 20th International Enterprise Distributed
Object Computing Workshop (EDOCW) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Chorafas, D.N., 2016. Enterprise architecture and new generation information systems. CRC
Press.
Cruz, A. and Vasconcelos, A., 2015. A Reference Application Architecture for the CRM
Domain: The Portuguese Citizen Space Case Study. International Journal of Enterprise
Information Systems (IJEIS), 11(2), pp.24-49.
Da Xu, L., 2014. Enterprise integration and information architecture: a systems perspective
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Hullavarad, S., O’Hare, R. and Roy, A.K., 2015. Enterprise Content Management solutions—
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Kaushik, A. and Raman, A., 2015. The new data-driven enterprise architecture for e-
healthcare: Lessons from the Indian public sector. Government Information Quarterly, 32(1),
pp.63-74.
Lu, Y., Li, Y., Skibniewski, M., Wu, Z., Wang, R. and Le, Y., 2014. Information and
communication technology applications in architecture, engineering, and construction
organizations: A 15-year review. Journal of Management in Engineering, 31(1), p.A4014010.
Olsen, D.H. and Trelsgård, K., 2016. Enterprise Architecture adoption challenges: An
exploratory case study of the Norwegian higher education sector. Procedia Computer
Science, 100, pp.804-811.
Romero, D. and Vernadat, F., 2016. Enterprise information systems state of the art: Past,
present and future trends. Computers in Industry, 79, pp.3-13.
Rouhani, B.D., Mahrin, M.N.R., Nikpay, F., Ahmad, R.B. and Nikfard, P., 2015. A systematic
literature review on Enterprise Architecture Implementation Methodologies. Information
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Simon, D., Fischbach, K. and Schoder, D., 2014. Enterprise architecture management and its
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Yu, Y., Silveira, H. and Sundaram, M., 2016, October. A microservice based reference
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Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference
(IMCEC) (pp. 1856-1860). IEEE.
Zarvić, N. and Wieringa, R., 2014. An integrated enterprise architecture framework for
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