Equal Employment Opportunity for Women in MNC Organizations in India

This report delves into the crucial topic of equal employment opportunities for women within multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in India. The study focuses on the ABC Group as a case study, investigating the concept of equal opportunities in the workplace, the significance of such opportunities, and the challenges faced by women in these organizations. Through a combination of literature review and qualitative research, including interviews, the report analyzes employee satisfaction and identifies areas for improvement. The findings highlight the importance of gender diversity initiatives and the need to address existing disparities. The report concludes with recommendations aimed at promoting greater equality and fostering a more inclusive work environment for women in MNCs, ultimately contributing to improved productivity and overall organizational success. The report also examines the challenges that women face and suggests ways to overcome them, aiming to create a more equitable and productive workplace.

Equal employment opportunity for
Women in MNC organization in
India

Abstract
The entire study provides a broad description of the equal opportunities within a
workplace which is refers as consider men and women equal in all terms ate corporate level.
The chosen MNC for the current study is ABC Group which occupies range of companies in
India at different states. Thus, from literature review, study provided detail concept of equal
opportunities and importance of this within a firm by using secondary resources. Also,
through this chapter, it is also examine that ABC also faces many challenges while managing
equal opportunities and this in turn affect the results. Also, the study is based upon qualitative
research in which Interview is conducted that helps to meet the define aim and objectives.
Further from the data analysis section, it is also analysed that majority of the
employees are highly satisfied with the offered working environment to both men and women
within a workplace. This also shows that company keep providing best facilities in order to
manage the overall working environment so that both men and women employees stay happy
and this in turn leads to improve the overall productivity too.

Acknowledgment
First of all, I would like to show my sincere gratitude to the supervisor who has constantly
provided me support and guidance to complete this dissertation project. I would also like to
thank my team members, friends and family, without whom I would have not been able to
complete the research on a timely and reliable manner. Last but not the least, I would like to
thank my community to provide me with continuous support and encouragement.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents.....................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW...................................................................................9
2.0 Introduction.....................................................................................................................9
2.1 Theme 1: Concept of equal opportunities within the work environment........................9
2.2 Theme 2: Significance of equal employment related opportunities in organization.....11
2.3 Theme 3: challenges face by the women while working at company..........................14
2.4. Conclusion....................................................................................................................17
CHAPTER 3- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................18
CHAPTER 4- FINDINGS/ RESULTS...................................................................................27
CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION.....................................................................32
CHAPTER 6- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................38
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................42
Appendix..................................................................................................................................45

Topic: “Equal employment Opportunity for women in MNC”
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Equal opportunities of growth and promotion in corporate is the best attracting source.
That is why, in India most of the top MNC majorly focused on the equal opportunity
provided by the firm to their employees. Earlier as well as recent times, in India, there are
typically 35% women to 65% men on an average. It is so because we belongs to the society
which has labeled women to be a weaker sex, an archaic bias, also, women have to fight for
their rights even whether it is a company or their own house. That is why, government of
India develop policies in order to treat women equally at workplace. As per the secondary
data, it is analyzed that India’s women are among the least likely to be part of a labor force of
Indian women who are employed, because most of them are busy in agriculture and then
manufacturing. So, it is analyzed that around 27% of the Indian women are participate in the
corporates while, 70% of the Chinese women are indulge in these work (Swarnalatha and
Anuradha, 2017). This ratio shows that the participation of female in the company is actually
falling considerably because they are not valued and treated equally at the working
environment.
Also, there are so many societies throughout the world is not consider women are
equal to men, but with the changing era, the opinion and mindset of people is also changes, as
a result, company start involving women in the top position to prove society. For example,
Accenture Solutions Private Ltd, IBM India Private Ltd, Hindustan Unilever Ltd who hire
women in their company as a top position. So, this is clearly stated that the opinion of people
changes towards women, but they are no ready to pay equal amount to them in so many
conducts (Frenkel, 2017). Thus, the current dissertation help to shed a light on the equal
employment opportunities to the women in MNC and the treatment which company perform
with the women. Further, in India, there are many companies where still discrimination based
on race, color, caste and culture is conduct but in hidden form. That is why, there is a need to
create awareness to provide equal opportunities to women.
Overview of company:
The chosen firm for the current study is ABC Group which is Indian Multinational
holding company whose headquarter is in Mumbai, India. The firm is founded in 1868 by
Jamsethji ABC with a singly firm, but now the company run most of the subsidiaries which
includes ABC Chemicals, ABC Communications, ABC Consultancy Services, ABC

Consumer Products, ABC Motors, Voltas, Taj Hotel and many more. Step by step the
company sustain the brand image with the help of their employees and even company comply
with range of laws decided by government of India. Being a brand image at global level,
company also focused on women at work, for that over the last 4-5 years, ABC Motors
running number of initiatives towards promoting the gender diversity at workplace. Thus,
ABC Group create a brigade of ‘Women in Blue’ by enrolling, educating and skilling girls
from economically deprived areas. That is why, from the last five years, the number of
women working in ABC Starbucks has increase from 16% in 2014 to around 29% in 2019.
This shows that the company focused on gender diversity and provide a chance to female so
that they get an equal opportunities within a firm.
Aim: The aim of this study is “to investigate the equal employment opportunities to women
in MNC of India- A study on ABC Groups”
Objectives:
 To determine the concept of equal opportunities at workplace.
 To ascertain the importance of equal employment opportunities at MNC
 To identify the challenges face by the women while working at company
 To recommend the ways through which the challenges can be overcome.
Research Questions:
 Why women are not getting equal social status in an organization?
Rationale: The rationale for choosing this topic is such that, researcher have their own
interest to study on this and this will help to enhance the knowledge and determine that
during earlier days, there were some man- made boundaries for women but now, women
plays a vital role in different sectors. That is why, through the study, researcher will
understand equal employment opportunity to women and also workplace dynamics related to
women. Further, another reason for choosing this topic is such that by study on the particular
topic will help to analyze the major problem for working women arise out of the dual
responsibility of working women. Also, through the study, researcher determine that working
women are those who are in paid employment. Also, social attitude to the role of women is
also lag behind the law, so this attitude consider women fit for certain job and not for other

jobs influence those who are involved in recruitment of female employees (Alhejji and et.al.,
2018).
Thus, using the study, researcher create awareness among the companies and analyze
the challenges which women face during their working. Hence, it is stated that the current
study reflect that involving women in the company and also provide them the same pay as per
their ability is help to take a business at further level of success. So, the study help a
researcher to enhance their knowledge related to equal opportunity within a workplace.
Scope:
Equal opportunity is the vast topic and there are many terms included. Thus, as per
the current study, researcher shed a light on the equal employment opportunity to women at
MNC and through this, companies determine there is a need to involve women at working
place in order to foster gender equality. So, when the study is further read by other companies
who do not follow gender equality at pay, then they start complying the same in order to
create a brand image at global level. Also with the help of equal opportunities within a firm,
define aim and objectives will be completed on time. Not only this, it will also help to leave a
positive impression upon the customers and attract new customers as well. This is clearly
analyzed that by providing equal wages and opportunities to both men and women, will
maintain the positive working environment within a workplace and this in turn leads to boost
up the performance and financial status of the company as well.
Structure of Dissertation:
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter provides a brief knowledge about the research problem and highlights
the reason behind conducting the study. In this an overview is stated about the topic along
with the aim and objectives relating to the issue so that each and every aspect of the topic
could analyze effectively and efficiently. Moreover, it also includes the significance and the
scope for preparing this study in which it is discussed that the scope of the research problem
is wide or narrow. Also, the section provides a complete overview of the entire dissertation.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
In this section a detailed review of the problem is made has been made on the basis of
objectives framed. Different themes are been prepared with respect to each theme and an in-
depth review is made of each theme through the use of journal, articles, books and online

sources. A critical review is been presented of the issue in order to develop better
understanding of the significance and the challenges attached with the research problems.
Chapter 3: Research methodology
Under this different types of research methods has been applied for the purpose of
stating the type, approach and philosophy of the research. Furthermore, it also includes the
methods through the use of which the data or information has been gathered. It reflects the
steps' and the procedures that are been used for conducting or formulating this study. This
chapter also provides deeper insights regarding the ethical aspects and the limitations that had
been faced by the scholar at the time formulating the research report.
Chapter 4: Data Analysis and findings
This chapter represents findings and the analysis of the data with regard to the study.
In this the questionnaire is framed for getting the responses of the participant and ensuring
that data gathered or collected has been presented clearly with helps of the tables, graphs,
percentage so that appropriate findings can be generated. A retrospective chart assessment
has also been conducted for capturing data essentials to achieve or accomplish the research
objectives or goals.
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations
The final chapter or stage of the dissertation includes overall summary of the whole
study in conclusive way and providing proper recommendations in relation to overcome the
challenges that is faced by the women at the workplace in terms of the equal opportunity.
Moreover, the recommendations are in form of the suggestions that the companies should
adopt within the work premises in order to avoid any kind of inequality or discrimination
among between the men and woman.

CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
Literature review is a survey of scholarly knowledge on a topic and it is actually used
to determine the trend, debate and gaps in the research, through literature review section,
researcher analyse the key element of the research and get an idea of the topic as well. In the
same way, the current section of a dissertation also enumerate, describe and summarize the
previous research through which the researcher is able to meet the define aim and objectives.
The section describe all the three themes and with the help of secondary data sources,
researcher is able to answer the research question,. Also, in this chapter, with the help of
effective models and theories, researcher is also support the views of different author with
theories and justifies the same.
2.1 Theme 1: Concept of equal opportunities within the work environment
Alonso, Moscoso and Salgado (2017) reviewed that equal opportunity indicates that
each and every individual in the company must has equal right to participate freely
irrespective of their gender. It aims in promoting that every person has equal opportunities
within the workplace and no discrimination should be made between the men and women at
the workplace. In other words, it means that all the employees are been treated as equally or
same and is not been disadvantaged by the bias or the prejudice. Multinational companies
should implement the policy of equal opportunity which helps the staff, managers and the
workforce in understanding their rights and the responsibilities within workplace. It is very
crucial that an employer should consider whether there is any current policies or the
procedures that might result in indirect or the direct discrimination. On the other hand,
treating someone as different does not always mean as an unlawful discrimination. For
instance- Where the performance of an employees needs to be managed because of their
standard work, such action needs to be taken and must completely unrelated with that of their
attributes.
Jones (2017), viewed that many multinational corporations has reported the
employment issues relating to women. There is not any legal requirement in UK for
disclosing any information on the women's employment. On the other hand, there is
legislation relating to employment of the disabled persons. Women suffer the brunt of the
gender inequality as the most at the work premises. The anti discrimination legislation that
has been developed today had come out due to the struggles of the previous generations of

the workers against defense of their particular rights. Women might face discrimination at the
work in terms of unequal pay, disability and on the basis of sexuality. Employers in UK are
been discriminated against the workers on the grounds of the gender in a form that women
were been paid as lower wages than the men for conducting or doing the same kind of work,
and were sacked for being as pregnant or when the marriage bars operated over married
women but not against the married men. Unequal pay means the that the average earnings of
the men and women differs within the workplace. It is seen as internationally established
measures of the women's position in the economy as compared to men. It is a result of the
economic and the social factors which combines for reducing the earning capacity of the
women over its lifetime. This gender pay gap issue is been influenced due to several factors
that involves unconscious and the conscious discrimination or bias in hiring and paying
decisions, high rates of part-time work for the men as compared to women as it has been
believed that lot of time of the women goes in taking rest as it is believed that they are are as
powerful as men.
Swarnalatha and Anuradha, (2017) examined the fact that, the Constitution of India
tends to focus on safeguarding and protecting the interest of the individuals who has been
working within the organisation. Article 15 and article 16 of the equal opportunity act of the
independence to mainly focus on protecting individuals from discrimination. Article 15 tends
to mandate that prohibition of discrimination on the basis of race, caste, sex, religion, place of
birth, gender, culture, belief, et cetera are highly prohibited. This way it is considered to be
very useful in avoiding discrimination within the workplace and providing equal opposite to
the people in order to work in a friendly and healthy environment. Moreover, article 16 tends
to mandate and focus on equal opportunity. If the Digital empowerment foundation aims to
mainly focus on capturing and promoting equal employment opportunities within the
workplace that is free from all forms of discrimination. Equal opportunity within the
organisation mainly states that all the employees within the organisation tends to experience
impartiality, fairness, and equal access to various career initiative within the organisation.
The Digital empowerment foundation mainly focuses on promoting inclusive work
environment which values and accepts diverse work culture and also creating a social
background for the employees within the organisation. The Equal employment opportunity
and anti discrimination policies are considered to be the key policies which has underpinning
various set of values and certain set of guidelines which has been built for the community of
the employees.

Gangoli, (2016) argued that, one of the key significant objective of the equal employment
opportunity and anti-discrimination policy is that ensure that employees within the
organisation are encouraged to take positive set of actions in order to promote equal
opportunity within the organisation. Effective application of the labour laws within the
organisation is of utmost importance because it helps in treating all individuals with utmost
degree of respect and uniformity. Another key objective of these policies is that to encourage
an environment which is free for all the individuals without any biases and discrimination.
All the employees of the organisation tends to get equal opportunities based on the key
capabilities and skills. Digital empowerment foundation employees do not suffer any sort of
unfair discrimination within the workplace and tends to get equal opportunity with varied set
of personal actions like Benefits, transfer, layoff, compensation, company sponsor training
programs, recreational programs, social programs, etc in order to gain high degree of equal
opportunities within the workplace environment. Swarnalatha and Anuradha, (2017)
examined the fact that, within the political theory, the equal opportunity in turn tends to state
that, the people within the organization must compete with each other on the equal set of
terms without any set of discrimination on any basis. Equal opportunities within the
organization helps the individual person to effectively focus on attaining the same level
within the organization without any sort of obstacle or hindrance within the workplace
environment. There should be no discrimination on the basis of education, race, religion and
equal and fair treatment is provided to each individual within the organization.
2.2 Theme 2: Significance of equal employment related opportunities in organization
As per the thinking of Schmidt (2017) in the highly global business environment it is
very essential for the companies to provide for the equal opportunities to both men and
women within the organization. This is very important for the companies to provide for better
and growing opportunities to the women in the corporate world. This is important particularly
in India as in India there is more of inequality. Thus, this is also prevailing in companies as
well and this will increase the growth of males more as compared to women.
With respect to this Kolb and et.al, (2018) articulates that providing for equal
opportunities within the corporate sector is more effective and important for the growth of the
company. This is particularly essential for the company to give more opportunities within the
company to the women. This is important as this will increase the working efficiency of the
company. This is majorly because of the reason that when the women work in the company
then they are more organized and focused towards the work as compared to male employees.

Thus, this will result in increase in the efficiency and productivity of the overall company.
Also, the women employees are more work focused and they want every work to be
completed on time. Thus, this ensures that every work is completed before time so that there
is margin to check the work.
But in against of this Kalaitzi and et.al, (2017) argues that major importance of giving
equal opportunities to women within the company is that this will add to the goodwill of the
company within the highly competitive market. However, the major reason underlying this
fact is that when women employment is promoted by the company then this creates a good
impact over the goodwill and market value of the company. This is particularly important
because of the reason that women employment and women empowerment is the latest thing
going in the global competitive market. Thus, when the companies use this then this creates a
good impact over the working and goodwill of the company as well.
In addition to this Benokraitis (2019) states that the major importance of providing
equal employment related opportunities is that this will increase the team working as well.
The major reason beneath this fact is that when company focuses over employing more of
women employees then the working environment of the company enhance. This is pertaining
to the fact that women are more of clam and work in more coordinated manner along with
clear and understandable communication. Thus, this spread a good and positive environment
at the workplace and this motivates other employees as well to work in more effective
manner. Thus, this will result in overall increase in the working efficiency of the employees
as well. Also, if the women employees will be more good in working then they will be able to
manage the other employees as well and this will result in improved team work with more
accuracy and efforts.
On the flip side Brodin and Peterson (2019) articulates that hiring more of women
within the MNC is more beneficial and important for the company in managing and leading
the business in good manner. This is particularly because of the reason that women are more
good at soft skill relating to business and the leadership skill as well. Hence, when more of
the women employees are hired then this will improve the way the business is led by them.
Thus, this will add on to the improvement of working efficiency of the other employees as
well. As a result of this the overall working capacity of the employees will increase.
Karim, and Beardsley, (2017) examined the fact that, Equal remuneration act of the year
1976 tends to focus on providing equal payment of remuneration to both men and woman