Equality and Diversity Practices and Employee Turnover at ASDA

This research project investigates the impact of equality and diversity practices on employee turnover within ASDA, a prominent British supermarket chain. The project begins with an introduction outlining the significance of equality and diversity in the modern workplace and establishes the research aim, objectives, and questions. Task 1 focuses on producing a research proposal, including a literature review that explores the concepts of equality and diversity, their benefits for organizations, and strategies for employee retention. The research methodology, including the choice of quantitative research methods, is detailed in Task 2, along with discussions on research philosophy, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. The project then moves on to Task 3, which focuses on communicating the research findings in an appropriate manner for the intended audience. Finally, Task 4 evaluates the effectiveness of the research methods, explores alternative methodologies, and presents conclusions and recommendations based on the research findings. The project aims to provide insights into how ASDA can leverage equality and diversity to reduce employee turnover and foster a more inclusive and productive work environment.

Research Project

Contents
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Produce a research proposal that clarify defines a research questions or hypothesis, supported by
a literature review..............................................................................................................................3
P2 Appropriate research method and conduct primary and secondary research................................7
TASK 2...............................................................................................................................................10
P3 Primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a business research project that
consider cost, access and ethical issues............................................................................................10
P4 Appropriate analytical tools to analyse research findings and data.............................................13
TASK 3...............................................................................................................................................21
P5 Communicate research outcomes in an appropriate manner for the intended audience..............21
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................................22
P6 Effectiveness of research methods applied for meeting objectives of the business research.......22
P7 Alternative research methodologies and lesson learnt in view of the outcomes.........................23
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................23
RECOMMENDATION.....................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................25

Title: To analyse the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of
employees’ turnover in an organisation." A case study on ASDA.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity itself include a variety of factors and means a lot to an
organisation. It is all about how a person is responding to other individual whether they are
showing respect or doing discrimination on the basis of age, gender, race, cultural
background etc., Nowadays, hiring people from different background provide company with
a lot of opportunity but mainly it widens the range of thinking (Ali and French, 2019). It
increases the stimulation power and allow a person in including their creative thoughts in
order to perform a task in an effective manner. This research is based on the company ASDA,
which is a British Supermarket chain founded in the year 1949 and since then they are
delivering goods and services. Company has its stores in around 631 number of locations in
which approximately 165,000 employees are working for providing effective services and
facilities to its customers.
However, this research will include an empirical study on equality and diversity
practices at ASDA for effectively reducing the employees’ turnover. The entire study will be
conducted by using appropriate research methodologies such as data collection methods,
research approaches, what will be the sample size etc., later on, with the help of questionnaire
data will be collected and on the basis of that outcomes will be evaluated.
TASK 1
P1 Produce a research proposal that clarify defines a research questions or hypothesis,
supported by a literature review.
Research aim:
“To analysis the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of
employees turnover in an organization”. A study on ASDA.
Research objectives
 To understand the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices.
 To determine several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality
and diversity practices.
 To explore several ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports
in retaining employees in ASDA.

Research questions:
 What is the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices?
 What are the several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality
and diversity practices?
 What are the ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports in
retaining employees in ASDA?
Rationale of research
In this global world where, company has open doors for every individual who is
talented and skilful in performing the task, there are also some instances where company fails
to maintain equality and diversity. Therefore, this report will include the nature and
significance of equality and diversity (Ennis, Gong and Okpozo, 2018). Along with some of
the benefits which a company can attain after looking at the workplace and how their
business flourish as compared to its rival companies. In order to implement equality and
diversity there are many ways and through this report, researcher will help in identifying all
the process through which a company can incorporate the same.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review, is considered to be a scholarly source which tends to provide an
overview or insight of a particular topic so that an individual reading the same can get
appropriate information. Thus, it can be said that a literature review includes sources from
various significant publications written by renowned writers or knowledgeable persons. In
context with this, literature review, it is done to have knowledge regarding the significance of
equality and diversity practiced within the organisation. Moreover, benefits that can be avail
by the company after maintaining equality and diversity practice is included in this report.
Lastly, different procedures with the help of which company can retain its employees is
mentioned in this report.
Notion and significance of equality and diversity practices
According to Sarkar, (2018), Change in the nature of business and inclusion of
globalisation, all these factors have provided a different angle to companies for running its
business in an effective manner. Nowadays, company follow the route through which they
can get maximum benefits in terms of profits, less employee retention, better manufacturing
and production process, increase in brand image etc., Diversity has provided companies with

bunch of skilful person whereas, equality has given opportunities to employees in showcasing
their talents, thoughts and ideas, incorporating which company can get into a better position.
Equality and diversity both are considered to be an idea through which one accept the
thought of differences between peoples. If it is explained specifically, then equality makes
sure that a person or a group is treated fairly by keeping a side what race, gender, age,
religion, sexual orientation etc., he/she/they belongs to. In context with a company, with the
increase in globalisation, maintaining equality and diversity has become a problematic thing
although, most of the companies manages to handle the problem and develop effective
strategies. Therefore, it is said that if a company wants to get maximum benefits that it is
required that they provide equal opportunities because increase providing more opportunities
more economically the company will empower.
Henceforth, it can be said that equality and diversity is the most talked topic whether
the company is small, medium or large. Basically, implementing equality and diversity is
done with an aim of providing equal access to opportunities. Even though, a company is
putting a t of effort in maintaining equality and diversity but there are instances where
intentionally or unintentionally go through unlawful activities like discrimination,
harassment, bullying, victimisation etc., People doesn’t understand disallowing others of a
certain group, gender, race or religion is putting a negative impact both mentally and
physically depending upon how much an individual or a group has faced. Surprisingly,
according to the data collected in 2015, it has been analysed that around 31.21 million people
working in United Kingdom has a different opinion for doing an activity which means their
thinking and method of grabbing opportunity vary from another person. Therefore, equality
and diversity both can change the face of business either it can provide positive output or it
can give negative circumstances.
Several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality and diversity
practices
According to Rashid, Gul and Khalid, (2018), An effective practice of equality and
diversity has an amazing benefit and embracing this company can put a positive image in
front of its customers. Thus, to understand this in a better manner, all the points are
mentioned below:
Boost collaboration: according to the current market situation, workplace is
changing at a very rapid speed. Nowadays, staff members within the organisation are driven

by working in collaboration if the company creates a positive culture where all the member
are treated equally. Thus, amalgamation of variety of skills and knowledge can provide a
productive outcome and achieving set targets and aims becomes easier.
Improves company’s brand image: Most of the companies establish its business,
with a purpose of enhancing the brand image by providing better services and facilities and
this can be possible when the working environment is positive and motivating. Thus, it can be
said that how a company’s perseverance plays a great role and have the biggest advantages.
Due to the pressure of becoming successful with regards to other rival companies, company
tries to make the workplace the best place to work on. Therefore, all these factors can be
achieved by having a diverse and inclusive workplace, where everybody is treated equally
and provided opportunities on the basis of skills and knowledge acquired.
Increase the productivity level: This is one of the influential benefits as it not only
provides benefits to an individual but to a company as well. While running a business it is
important that every individual participate in the activity individually so that different views
and thoughts can be presented. Thus, when company and managers of the same brings all the
people together from different backgrounds then it expands the scope and range of ideas in
order to deal with the situation. Moreover, the process of problem-solving enhances.
Therefore, all these elements purposely increase the productivity and efficiency of an
individual while performing any kind of task or an activity.
Henceforth, it can be said that if appropriate measures are taken into consideration in
order to maintain an effective place to work on the company can attain a large number of
benefits and moreover, can established itself as world’s largest company.
Ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports in retaining employees in
ASDA
According to Arif, (2018), In order to operate different business activities or for
running a business, implementing equality and diversity can work as a helping hand in
retaining a large number of customers. But the main important thing is to implement different
ways properly and considerably supported by employees of an organisation. Some of the
points are explained below:
Start from hiring: this is the best way for maintaining equality and diversity as it can
further help the company in foster a balance between workforce because what a company

hires today determines the future of the company. Thus, recruiting the right person for the job
profile will remove any kind of prejudice towards a group, or an individual. Therefore,
company should provide opportunity to huge pool of talents in showing their talents and must
hire those who embrace inclusion and diversity.
Use of effective communication: Most of the time, the reason behind chaos and
confusion is because of the interaction process a company or an individual use. It should be
direct and clear so that no misunderstanding is created. Sometimes, due to lack of clarity can
create a sense of alienation amongst employees and worker can feel like they are no more
wanted in the organisation. Therefore, with the help of proper communication process
company can listen to the views and thoughts and must provide chances for expressing what
they feel like. As a result, it will develop a sense of belongingness in the individual towards
the company.
Henceforth, implementing equality and diversity can work as a source through which
company can retain its customers for a longer period of time.
P2 Appropriate research method and conduct primary and secondary research
Research methodology is referring to the effective procedure or technique that used
by researcher with the hope of determining, selecting, processing and at the same time also
analysing information on the basis of specified topic and area as well. Mainly, this section
allow researcher to critically analysis and evaluate the entire research activities and its
validity as well. This will contribute in improving the chances of attaining reliable and
authentic results at the end of the investigation. Along with this, it also includes various
methods and techniques that used by researcher in order to acquire relevant data and
information about the equality and diversity to draw a valid conclusion.
Types of investigation: At the time of undertaking research activities, it is crucial for
researcher to select right type of investigation that help in improving the overall validity of
the research. In this context, there are two type of investigation such as qualitative and
quantitative study (Holston-Okae, 2018). For undertaking current research, investigator will
use quantitative type of method that help in gathering measurable information that assist in
taking right and authentic results at the end of the investigation.
Research philosophy: It is said to be a belief under which all the guidelines or phenomenon
are provided like which approach should be used to gather information, analysing the same
and further using it for having an effective outcome that are reliable and valid. Research

philosophy is of two types interpretivism: in this, information is gathered through subjective
interpretation which are generally based on the reality of the environment. Interpretivism is
the traditional form and the study is done in the natural environment and consider the human
behaviour and the process of their thinking. Positivism: it is totally different from
Interpretivism and observe from the objective point of view and generally natural sciences.
Positivism gathers information that are based on facts and which can be further investigated
through observation.
Therefore, for doing this research, positivism approach will be undertaken as it will
aid in analysing data rationally and through logical approaches. Other than this, quantitative
method best suits with this approach and quantifying data becomes easier.
Research design: It is one of the effective methods that intended to give an effective
framework for undertaking the investigation (Nishii and et. Al., 2018). In this, researcher is
responsible for take significant decision in selecting appropriate research design that evaluate
how data for investigation will be acquired. This will contribute in analysing the research and
area of research with the hope of generating positive results. Basically, it can be divided into
different designs such as descriptive, exploratory and casual research. According to this
investigation descriptive research design will be used by researcher in which data towards the
research topic also collected in quantitative nature. One of the main advantages of using this
design is that it provides validated information that can identify or justify the practical
condition.
Research approach: An action is determined as an act of perfection when it has a systematic
planning and it is executed in a proper manner. A research approach is considered to a
blueprint of al the action that to be performed while conducting a research. Therefore, a
research approach helps in developing a philosophical foundation for the investigator and
basically, it is of two types and these are deductive: this approach is helpful in finding
various questions that are in the minds of researcher which means it has a hypothetical base
first and then on the basis of this aim and objectives are fulfilled. Another research approach
is inductive: in which the information is gathered related to a specific topic on which the
research is being conducted. However, with the help of collected information investigator
tries to develop a whole new theory. Moreover, for doing this research, researcher will use
deductive approach because it is suitable for identifying a relationship between various

variable. However, on the basis of hypothesis researcher can establish a control over testing
the hypothesis.
Data collection: It is crucial for researcher to choose right method for collecting
authentic data as it may assist in developing the possibilities of reducing any kind of issues at
the time of information gathering (Khan and et. Al., 2019). Mainly, it is considered as a
process of acquiring data from all the relevant and necessary sources that assist in find out
appropriate way to address the particular research problem. In this regard, it can be classified
this section into two method such as primary and secondary source of data collection.
Primary is an appropriate method in which data is collected directly from selected
respondents on the basis of research topic. In this, collected data in fresh and authentic in
nature that never used before by others. It includes various sources of gathering data such as
questionnaire, interview, survey, observation and many more. It provides support to
investigator in analysing the data that is measurable in nature and also provide reliable
results. On the other side, secondary data is also playing a crucial role in research as it has
already been published in books, newspaper, magazines, online websites and many more. For
undertaking current research, investigator will use both primary and secondary method of
data collection that help in gathering relevant data and information about research topic and
area also (Mansour and Tremblay, 2018). By using primary method, researcher prepare a
structured questionnaire that includes close-ended questions asked from different respondents
about the equality and diversity. In addition of this, secondary method of data collection is
help in undertaking literature review on the basis of selected topic. With the help of this,
researcher can easily attain positive and reliable outcomes at the end of the study.
Data strategy: while undertaking research there are certain strategy that can be used by
research in order to obtain relevant data and information in an effective manner. This is the
reason that investigator is responsible for selecting best and appropriate one so that they can
easily take right decision. In this context, action research, interview, survey, case, study,
literature review and many more. All these are contributing in attaining positive and reliable
outcomes at the end of the research. As, survey will be prepared by investigator in which data
is collected directly from selected to understand their view point about research topic.
Sampling: In order to take the research further, it is important that researcher gathers
information and data from population and the process of doing this is known as sampling.
Basically, there are two kinds of sampling and these are probability: in this each person from

the population has an equal chance of getting selected means if the researcher has taken 100
sample from population i.e. is subset than each person in the group has opportunity of getting
selected (Malik, Sattar and Yaqub, 2018). Another form of sampling is non-probability: this
is totally opposite of probability sampling as mainly researcher selects its respondents
according to the field and nature of the study.
Moreover, in order to do this research, researcher has used probability sampling and
in that simple random sampling. Therefore, this will help the researcher in getting adequate
and appropriate information without any biasness.
Ethical consideration: Whatever activity a person is doing it is important that it is being
done under ethics and norms so as to maintain the authenticity In relation with a research,
there are many ethical consideration which are required to be followed by the researcher so
that research can be done effectively. The first ethical consideration which needs to be
considered by the researcher is not to disclose the collected data and information to anyone.
Moreover, the information of respondents should be kept confidential so that nobody gets a
chance of hurting other’s views and thoughts.
Research limitation: Limitations, is a part of day to day activity which can hamper
the activity of an individual and its work. Unlike others, while doing a research there is a
possibility that a researcher faces many obligations. Most important and frequent research
limitation is related to time and cost (Kroll and Tantardini, 2019). There can be chances that
in order to do a research, researcher get limited amount of time which can be consumed in
data collection method. As a result, proper conduction of research can be failed. Another
limitation is related to cost, during the period of doing the entire research, investigator can
face problem because of less money which because of which activity can be stopped.
Therefore, both the limitation was faced by the researcher but it was undertaken with the help
of tutor and colleagues.
M1 Evaluate different research approaches and methodology and make justifications for the
choice of methods selected based on philosophical/theoretical frameworks.
In order to carry out this investigation in an efficient way, the investigator used the
main and secondary methods of collecting evidence. The primary approach was used to
collect first-hand information from the respondent that provided reliable and relevant
information. The key rationale for changing secondary data sources is to collect
comprehensive data within a short period of time. This method has responded effectively to

the achievement of a reliable study result within in the given timeline. All such techniques
have been selected based of the deductive research structure.
TASK 2
P3 Primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a business research project
that consider cost, access and ethical issues.
Cost: It is crucial for researcher to keep enough fund because each and every research
activity required appropriate cost for successfully completing the research work. For this,
investigator analysis the over research and its activities to estimate the budget that required
for completion of work. In this context, researcher required around £ 250 for executing
research that directly support in managing various sources such as use of stationary, internet
connection and many more.
Access: For developing a successful research, investigator includes both primary and
secondary method of data collection (Yu and et. Al., 2019). In relation to this, it is important
responsibility of research maker to keep confidentiality information of selected respondents.
Along with this, researcher is also responsible for ensuring that all the collected information
is accessed by researcher and other authorised authority only. This will support in
maintaining reliability and validity within the research activities.
Ethical issues: It is one of the significant responsibilities of researcher to follow all
the ethical norms and principles while undertaking the study in an effective way. It can be
beneficial in obtaining reliable and valid outcomes at the end of research (Ndzwayiba,
Ukpere and Steyn, 2018). Furthermore, current research includes consent form that fill from
selected respondents in order to meet all the research purpose.
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about concept of equality and diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Does promoting equality and diversity is important for retaining employee at
working area?
a) Yes
b) No

Q3) What are the benefits that acquire by ASDA with the incorporate of equality and
diversity practices?
a) Enhancement in employee productivity
b) Increase brand reputation
c) Reduce employee turnover
Q4) What are the issues faced by employees due to lack of equality and diversity
within ASDA?
a) Create issues
b) Negative working environment
c) Increase employee turnover
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which implementation of equality and diversity
help in retaining employees within ASDA?
a) Training and development
b) Equal pay scale
c) Motivate or encourage employees
Q6) Does managing equality and diversity in ASDA help in enhancing employee
productivity level?
a) Yes
b) No
Q7) What are the effective practices of equality and diversity can used by ASDA in
improving employee performance?
a) Understanding different culture
b) Develop employment creation programme
c) Effective communication
Q8) As per your view point, how ASDA promote equality and diversity to maintain
positive working environment?
a) Put equality policies at workplace
b) Be proactive
c) Prevent unconscious bias
Q9) Does equality and diversity support in developing healthy relation among staff
members of ASDA at workplace?
a) Yes
b) No