Marks & Spencer: Equality and Diversity Project Analysis

This project examines the critical role of managing equality and diversity in reducing workplace discrimination, using Marks and Spencer as a case study. The introduction outlines the project's aims, objectives, and research questions, focusing on the importance of equality and diversity in the workplace. The project management plan details the project's cost, scope, timeline, and risk assessment, including a work breakdown structure and research methodology. Data analysis, based on survey responses, reveals the presence of workplace discrimination and the significance of equality and diversity. The findings highlight the barriers to integrating diversity, the need for improved employee interaction, and the benefits of reducing discrimination, such as increased productivity. The conclusion summarizes the key findings, and the project includes references and appendices for additional context.

PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Topic............................................................................................................................................1
Background..................................................................................................................................1
Aim..............................................................................................................................................1
Objective......................................................................................................................................1
Research Questions......................................................................................................................1
PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN...............................................................................................1
Cost..............................................................................................................................................1
Scope............................................................................................................................................1
Time.............................................................................................................................................2
Quality.........................................................................................................................................2
Communication............................................................................................................................2
Risk..............................................................................................................................................2
Resources.....................................................................................................................................2
Work Breakdown Structure.........................................................................................................4
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................4
DATA ANALYSIS.........................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
PERFORMANCE REVIEW.........................................................................................................13
REREFENCES..............................................................................................................................14
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Topic
Impact of managing equality and diversity in reducing the workplace discrimination
Background
Equality and diversity within a workplace are one of the most important things which is
required to be focused upon within an organization as it helps the organization in reducing
chances of workplace discrimination. It not only helps in reducing chances of discrimination but
also helps in enhancing employee retention rate and reduces employee turnover rate which
further helps in increasing employee performance, morale, productivity, motivation as well as
satisfaction level of employees as well.
Aim
Main aim of this project is: “To study the impact of managing equality and diversity in
reducing the workplace discrimination. A case study of marks and Spencer”.
Objective
Main objectives of this project are:
 To analyse the importance of equality and diversity in the firm.
 To evaluate the benefits of reducing workplace discrimination in Marks and Spencer.
 To determine different ways for maintaining equality and diversity at workplace.
Research Questions
Main research questions of this project are:
 What is the importance of equality and diversity in the firm?
 What are the main benefits of reducing workplace discrimination in Marks and Spencer?
 How equality and diversity at workplace can be maintained?
PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
Cost
Cost plays a vital role within a project as it is one of the main deciding factors that helps in
deciding success or failure of a project (Heagney, 2016). Overall cost associated with this project
is £300.
Scope
Scope of this project is to analyse impact of equality and diversity within Marks and
spencer and ways in which they can reduce discrimination within an organization.
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Time
Overall time duration in which this project will be completed is 10 weeks
Quality
From maintaining overall quality of the project organization will be conducting time to
time both internal and external audit.
Communication
Organization will be adopting free flow communication channel in order to reduce chances
of issues and miscommunication between stakeholders.
Risk
One of the most important risk associated with this project is increasing competition. With
the help of this project both internal and external issues will be identified by organization in
order to be resolved and for maintenance of equality and diversity within organization.
Resources
Resources required for this project are employees, HR department for reviewing
strategies to enhance equality and diversity within organization.
GANTT CHART
This can be defined as the bar chart which have the clear level of representation of the
illustrating the overall level of project schedules determining the different level of milestones
which are need to be achieved within the defined period of time. This is the considered to be the
best ways which can have the clear level of help in analysing and creating the level of
dependency between sub activities and the current schedule of the projects. It is also stated o be
helpful in starting and ending the project by the helps of the project managers. Gantt charts make
the proper level of specification regarding the different project and task upon each other as well,
for the respective project the Gantt cart is as follows
Activity 1st week 2nd
week
3rd
week
4th
week
5th
week
6th
week
7th
week
8th
week
9th
week
10th
wee
k
Introduc
tion
Aim and
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objectiv
es
Project
manage
ment
plan
Researc
h
methodo
logy
Data
Collectio
n
Data
Analysis
Conclusi
on and
Recomm
endation
s
Submiss
ion
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Work Breakdown Structure
In the project management, this have been defined as there delivery-oriented level of breakdown
structure as the project have been divided into the smalls level of segment. This is considered to
be important key as the deliverables to the managerial subsections as the hierarchal
decomposition for the overall scope of projects and achieving the project objectives required
deliverables. It helps in providing a framework to the project manager so that they can do a
detailed cost estimation, provide proper guidelines for proper, specific scheduled development
and control of the project.
Research Methodology
It is an important procedure of identification, gathering and interpretation of data. By making
effective use of all elements of it, researcher can accomplish its goals such as:
Research types: It is one of the main elements which shows a form in which data are
collected by scholar. There are mainly 2 types of research or form in which data are being
collected such as qualitative and quantitative. Those data which are being collected in numbers
of numerical form in known as quantitative (Flick, 2018). On the other hand, data which are
being collected in non numerical form or collected in words form is known as qualitative
research. For this study researcher focuses on qualitative research or collects data in non-
numerical form.
Research philosophy: Positivism and interpretivism are 2 philosophies. In positivism
researcher believe that knowledge can be gained by observations. In interpretivism they can gain
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a deep understanding about the topic and they also believe that access to reality can be via social
construction. For this study, researcher uses interpretivism.
Research approach: As like research types, there are 2 approaches of research which are
related to theories such as inductive and deductive. In inductive research approach, scholar
focuses on generating a brand new theory rather developing an existing theory. Whereas, in
deductive research approach he focuses on developing already generated theory. Selection of
research approach depends upon the main research type. For example: deductive approach is the
best suited for quantitative and inductive is for qualitative. As this is qualitative research so,
scholar selects inductive and by generating new theory he cannot only collects informations
related to the topic which is managing equality but also can increase his knowledge.
Data collection: After selecting the type and form of collecting data it is important for
researcher to collect data from appropriate sources. There are 2 types of data collection such as
primary and secondary. Those data which are first hand and never being used before are known
as primary. On the other hand, those informations which may be used before by other researcher
and authors is considered secondary data. Some sources of primary data collection include:
questionnaire, survey, interviews etc. Books and journals, articles are some sources of secondary
data collection. For this study of equality and diversity researcher focuses on both but give
majority to primary data collection.
Data analysis: After collecting informations it is important for researcher to make them
accurate and viable for making project successful and effective. As like research type it is also of
2 types such as qualitative and quantitative. With the help of qualitative tools, researcher analysis
non numerical data and with quantitative data analysis tools like statistical scholar mould or
analyse numerical informations. For this study researcher makes use of thematic qualitative data
analysis tool for analysing qualitative data.
Sampling: Sampling is a process of selecting target people. Target people are known as
sample. Random and non random are 2 main types of sampling in which researcher select their
target people (Chaum, 2019). In random type, researcher select target people randomly and in
non random they select people in the basis of some set criteria like experience of people, gender,
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age and others. This type may be biased so, researcher often selects random sampling with
sample size 30.
DATA ANALYSIS
Theme 1 Presence of workplace discrimination within Marks and Spencer
Question 1: Do you think there is presence of workplace discrimination within Marks and
Spencer?
Options Frequency
Strongly Agree 11
Agree 10
Disagree 6
Strongly disagree 3
Total 30
Figure 1 Presence of workplace discrimination within an organization
Interpretation: From the above graph it can be analysed that 30 out of, 11 participants strongly
agrees with the fact that there is presence of discrimination within workplace within the
organization, 10 of them simply agrees with the question. But however, 6 of the employees
disagrees with the question and 3 of the respondents strongly disagrees with this fact. So from
this analysis it can be said that workplace discrimination within an organization like Marks and
Spencer is present because of which overall performance, motivation and satisfaction level of
employees is impacted directly.
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Theme 2 Equality and diversity plays a vital and important role within an organization
Question 2: Do you think equality and diversity plays a vital and important role within an
organization?
Options Frequency
Strongly Agree 14
Agree 11
Disagree 3
Strongly disagree 2
Total 30
Figure 2 Equality and diversity plays a vital and important role within an organization
Interpretation: From the above graph it can be analysed that 30 out of, 14 employees strongly
agrees that equality and diversity play a vital and important role within an organization, 11
respondents agrees to this, but 3 of them disagrees to the question and only 2 of them strongly
disagrees to the question. So, from this analysis it can be said that it is important for
organizations to focus upon equality and diversity within an organization as it directly helps
them in increasing overall motivational factor and performance of their staff members or
employees.
Theme 3: difficult level of barriers in integrating the diversity in the company
particular - as the difficult level of barriers in integrating the diversity in the company partipants
Communication 10
Behaviour 12
Varied Perception 8
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total 30
Figure 3 difficult level of barriers in integrating the diversity in the company
Data Interpretation
From the above data it can be interpreted as employee have clear level of statement stating that
employee have the believes that’s there are various level of barriers in order to make the
effective level of managing equality and diversity at the workplace at the efficient range most of
the employee have the bellied that’s behaviour among the employee is the major factor which is
contributing in workplace discrimination.
Theme 4: any level of proper interaction between the diversified employees in the organization
particular- any level of proper interaction between the diversified employees in the
organization
particpants
Always 4
Sometimes 16
Never 10
total 30
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Figure 4 interaction between the diversified employees in the organization
Data Interpretation
From the above data it can be interpreted as the interaction among the manager ae employee are
considered to the aspect which is sometime to be handle along with varsity for networks. This
teems to creating of the gap between manager and employee to create more stable level of
relationship in the working environment of the organization by making limited level of
contribution.
Theme 5 important benefit of reduction in workplace discrimination
particular - think is the important benefit of reduction in workplace
discrimination
particpant
Increased productivity 18
Competitive organisational environment 5
Availability of different type of knowledge 7
total 30
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Figure 5 benefit of reduction in workplace discrimination
Data Interpretation
From the above data it can be interpreted as the employee have the major level of repression
regarding the interpretation that’s the maintain the equality and diversity ill lead to have the
redaction in the discrimination along with increase the workplace productivity.
Theme 6 Developing effective changes in equality and diversity policy to improve equality and
diversity condition in organization.
Do you think making changes in equality and diversity policy of
organization can develop better equality and diversity condition in
organization?
Frequency
Strongly Agree 5
Agree 15
Not Sure 5
Disagree 3
Strongly Disagree 2
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