Impact of Equality and Diversity on Workplace: Tesco Case Study Report

This report examines the impact of equality and diversity on workplace productivity and profitability, using Tesco, a British multinational grocery company, as a case study. The report begins by defining equality and diversity and their importance in the workplace, setting aims and objectives to identify the impact of equality and diversity on organizational performance, employee retention, and creativity. It then outlines a project management plan, including project scope, costs, timeframes, quality, communication, risk management, and resource allocation. A work breakdown structure and Gantt chart are produced to illustrate the project's timeline and stages. The report details the research methodology, including research type, philosophy, design, and data collection methods, focusing on a qualitative approach. Data analysis, interpretation, and ethical considerations are discussed, followed by a conclusion, recommendations, and a reflection on the research process. The appendix includes a questionnaire used in the research.

MANAGING A
SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS
PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Devise aims and objectives....................................................................................................3
P2 Produce project management plan that covers deliverables, time, quality, communication,
risk and resources........................................................................................................................4
P3 Produce work breakdown structure and Gantt chart to provide time frame and stages for
completion...................................................................................................................................6
LO2..................................................................................................................................................8
P4. Small Scale Research Methodology......................................................................................8
LO 3...............................................................................................................................................10
P5 Data analysis and interpretation...........................................................................................10
P6. Conclusion and recommendation........................................................................................16
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................17
P7. Reflection............................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................21
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................21

Topic- To analyse the impact of Equality and diversity on workplace productivity and
profitability. With reference to case study on Tesco, Plc.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity termed out as legal requirement that promoting equality and
opportunities to all individuals (Colquitt, Lepine and Gellatly, 2017). This gives all individuals
the chances to accomplish potential, free from prejudice and discrimination. Hence, equality
termed out as to treating all individual equally irrespective of discrimination based on sex, age,
gender etc. In the world of employment, equality and diversity are crucial component that helps
to bring out productivity and profitability.
The present report is based on the business activities of Tesco; this is global leading
entity that is engaged in British multinational groceries. Therefore, this entity deals in product
and services as books, clothing, electronics, furniture, petrol, software, financial services, toys,
telecoms and internet services
Furthermore, report will outline the aims and objectives on the basis of chosen topic.
Also, study will cover project management activities, work breakdown structure and Gantt chart
that provides time-frames and stages for completion. Hence, report will cover research
methodologies so that better techniques will get selected to present findings. Lastly, reflection
will be undertaking to meet out the stated objectives.
LO 1
P1 Devise aims and objectives.
Background-:
The present report is based on topic as Equality and diversity and its impact on workforce
productivity and profitability. Equality is about to promoting and fostering everybody's right to
be different (Pitts, 2016). To promote equality means to remove discrimination in all of the
aforementioned areas. This report will aid to analyse the core element that leads to bring out the
issue of equality and diversity. Henceforth, equality and diversity is that components that affect
the workplace productivity in negative context. Thus, research will aid to analyse that how
diverse workforce allows employees to bring out skills, ideas, resources (Why is diversity in the
workplace important, 2012.).
Also, study will analyse that managing diversity in organisation assist to promote the
creation of diverse, creative workforce and build positive environment for all. Therefore,
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reduction in workplace discrimination towards employees assist to have positive working
environment. Henceforth, aims and objectives to reports are outlined in following context
manner as-:
Aim- The aim of present report is “To identify the impact of equality and diversity on workplace
productivity and profitability. A case study on Tesco.
Objectives-:
 To identify importance of equality and diversity on organizational performance.
 To analyse role of equality and diversity in employee retention and motivation.
 To evaluate how equality and diversity build positive culture and enhance creativity
among employees.
 To provide remedial measures that can aids to overcome hindrance of equality and
diversity within enterprise.
Research questionnaire-:
 What is the significance of equality and diversity on organisational performance?
 How equality and diversity builds positive workforce and enhance creativity.
 What are the ways to overcome workplace discrimination?
P2 Produce project management plan that covers deliverables, time, quality, communication, risk
and resources.
Project management plan termed out as formal, approved document that defines that how
the project can be executed, monitored and controlled (Patrick and Kumar, 2015). This is
document that assist to define approach that undertakes to deliver the intended project
management outcomes. Henceforth, project management plan outlines the following such as-:
Project scope- The present report is based on topic as to Equality and diversity on workplace
productivity and profitability. This research will aid to analyse and investigate the depth
information on chosen topic. Thus, project scope is part of planning that includes determining
and documenting the list of objects, deliverables, features, task and functions so that one proper
outcome can be accomplished. Thus, main aim of project to analyse the significance of equality
and diversity on working performance.
Cost- This is the stage in which whole cost to the project needs to be estimated so that entire
activities can be undertaken effectively. Henceforth, the project cost is the expenditure that are
estimated to me made and required to be incurred in order to accomplish the project goals.
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Hence, the following cost needs to be covered in order to undertake estimation such as Material
cost, human resource, operational cost and pre-planning etc.
Time- At this, the proper time needs to be allotted to each phase so that desired outcome can be
accomplished. By giving deadline to each task, the all activities relate to project can be done in
set deadlines (Christian, Porter and Moffitt, 2016). In addition to this, the time estimation is very
crucial as this has the ability to organise the plan and time spent on the activities. Henceforth,
this project has estimated 36 days to gather depth insight about impact of equality and diversity
on organisational productivity.
Quality- Project quality management covers the process and activities that mainly used to figure
out the and to accomplish the quality of deliverables of project. Henceforth, the quality is one of
the effective term that assist to customers and stakeholder needs from the project deliverables.
Thus, project manager needs to look over three processes such as quality planning, quality
assurance and quality control.
Resources- This covers people, capital, material and goods that all required for undertaking
successful and completion of project. This all are the crucial part of the project that assist to
accomplish the project goals (Rao, 2017). Without the use of resources, the proper project
outcomes cannot be accomplished. Hence, resource is crucial assets whose main role is to carry
out certain task or project effectively.
Communication- This is one of the effective tool that aids to manage the overall project
outcomes. Henceforth, project communication plan termed out as simple tool that enables to
make to proper communication on accomplishing the goals of project. In order to accomplish the
project outcomes this is crucial to facilitate the communication among client, team and other
stakeholders. This is effective process that sets clear guidelines for how information needs to be
passed so that possible outcomes can be accomplished.
Risk- This is termed out as uncertain event and conditions that can affects the quality outcomes
of project. Therefore, risk management needs to be undertaken as this identifies and assessing the
risk to project and to manage the risk so that affects can be minimised (Rao, 2017.). However,
the better plan needs to be formulate so that risk can be reduced and project goals can be
accomplished.
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P3 Produce work breakdown structure and Gantt chart to provide time frame and stages for
completion.
Gantt chart defined as common chat that used in project management, this is one of the
most popular and useful ways to show all over activities of project management that displayed
against time. This aids to provide the visual view of the all task that needs to be scheduled over
time. It is tool that oversee each aspect of project and allows to actively tracking the progress.
Henceforth, Gantt chart outlined as-:
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Work- Breakdown structure- This is termed out as the key project deliverable that assist to
organise the team work into the manageable sections. It is called out as term that defines the
terms into manageable sections. It is term that termed out as deliverable oriented hierarchical dis-
composition of work. Henceforth, this is outlined as-:
Activity 2 days 5. days 3 days 2 days 2 days 3 days 3 days 8 days 7 days 2
days
Identify
research topic
Review of
Literature
Drafting
Methodologies
Complete
Proposal
Designing
questionnaire
Collection of
data
Analyzing data
and
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interpretation
Discussion and
Conclusion
Submission
LO2
P4. Small Scale Research Methodology
Research Type
Research type is a process that support in collecting necessary information and data for
the research. On the basis of different aims and objectives different information are collected that
can justify the outcomes of the research as per predetermine aims and objectives. Researchers are
of either qualitative or quantitative (Adams, Loach and Szomszor, 2016). Quantitative research
involves statistical data and figures. Qualitative research do not comprises any statistical data and
figures but it rather emphasis on collecting other theoretical information on the basis of set
objectives of research. The objectives of the research are to identify different aspects of equality
at work place. The research is more like a qualitative type of research.
Research Philosophy
Research philosophies can be defined as the behaviour of the research. Philosophies in
research methodologies are segregated into positivism, interpretivism and realism. Positivism
gives emphasis to true facts about the topic. Interpretivism is all about the understanding level of
in the individual over a certain topic (Guenther and et.al., 2017). Realism philosophy of research
is based on the idea of independence of a reality from the brain of human being. For this report
both positivism and interpretivism philosophies will be used. Positivism philosophy of research
will be used more preferably in this report.
Research Design
Research design is indicated as the framework of research comprises with the methods
and techniques of research. Research design is comprises with inductive, deductive and
adductive designs of research. As this research is based on the qualitative research type so the
inductive research design will be channelized to conduct the research.
Research Approach
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Research approaches are of three types exploratory, explanatory and descriptive
approaches of research. Exploratory research supported some of the objectives. Exploratory
research is channelized to analyse the influence of equality over the Tesco Company.
Sampling
Sampling is defined as a process of collecting information for the research. Information
play effective role in achieving the objectives of the research. Sampling methods are segregates
into probability sampling method and non probability sampling method. The objectives behind
the research are to analyse the influences of equality in the organisation. Probability sampling
will be used to conduct the research.
Data Collection
Collection of data is a crucial process associated with the research. Data collection is
among the crucial process involved in the research. All outcomes of research are deeply
influenced with the quality of information collected at this stage. In order to collect the
information two data collection methods are specified which are projected as primary and
secondary data collection. Primary collection is the fresh data that are collected with the own
efforts putting into data collection (Kuby, 2017). Personal interviews of different personals and
expert over human rights can be channelized in the primary data collection process. Secondary
data collection emphasis on channelizing the already collected information to implement the
research. In this research secondary method of data collection will be used. Secondary data
collection is a time saving technique to collect necessary information for the research. Secondary
data collection allows utilising the already conducted researches and interviews over equality at
work place to gather required information for the research. Secondary research do not involve
much efforts also to collect the information as already used tools and resources by other
researchers can be utilised to collect required information in research
Data Analysis
Data analysis involves interpreting the information collected in data collection process.
With the support of information entertained in the data collection process this stage requires to
analyse the information. Outcomes of the research are deeply influenced with the data analysis
stage (Schachner, 2019). There are two methods signifies to project the information in data
analysis stage. Thematic and statistical are the two methods specifies for analysing the
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information at this stage in research. As this research do not comprises with mathematical data
collection so the thematic data analysis technique will be channelizes to conduct the research.
Ethical Consideration
Ethical consideration focuses on ethical aspects of research. All sources used for the
research are reliable and authenticated. Reliability improves the significance of the research. It is
also important for the researcher to follow the systematic approach to conduct the research. All
necessary approaches that are needed to conduct the research will be used in order to gain proper
information over the topic. Ethical consideration will support in achieving all objectives of the
research.
LO 3
P5 Data analysis and interpretation
The data analysis part involves assimilation of all the data that has been collected through
the primary research and then analysing the data that has been collected so that adequate
interpretation can b e drawn. For the current research on equality and diversity, data analysis can
be done in following manner:
Theme 1: Maximum of the employees aware of the concept related to equality and diversity at
workplace
Are you aware with the concept of equality
and diversity in an organisational
workforce?
Frequency
Yes 27
No 3
Total 30
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Interpretation: The chart above clearly helps in interpreting that the maximum of the employees
working in Tesco are aware of the concept of equality and diversity and understand how it is
applied in the organisational setting. It can be clearly seen that the 90% of the total respondents
agreed about knowing the concept. This shows that the employees working in Tesco are aware of
the changing organisational culture and practices and trends as well. This helps in interpreting
that the employees are aware and knowledgeable about their rights. This can be attributed to the
fact that despite operating on a global level, the hiring process of the company is extremely well
developed.
Theme 2: All the respondents agreed that equality and diversity indeed contribute in the
development of an organization.
Do you think that the equality and diversity
practices can assist in the development of
overall organisational culture development?
Frequency
Yes 30
No 0
Total 30
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Interpretation: The chart above shows the score of 30: 0 i.e. out of all the respondents that were
selected for the research, all of the agreed to the fact that if equality and diversity are
implemented in the organisational work place, then the culture and the way of operating of that
company increases drastically. This can also be inferred from the fact that the organisations that
were found to be rated above average in terms of equality and diversity in the current global
context were found to have more motivated and satisfied employee base thus showing the
importance of this aspect.
Theme 3: Positive work environment is found to be the major aspect of equality and diversity
being applied in the organisation Tesco.
Which of the following aspects do you think
Tesco is applying in its organisation to
increase diversity?
Frequency
Employees belong to different cultural
backgrounds
9
No biasness on gender or colour 2
Mutual respect amongst the employees 4
Positive work environment 10
Equivalent opportunities 5
Total 30
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Interpretation: The pie chart can be interpreted in a very simplified manner where it shows that
the majority of the respondents, i.e. 33% of them voted that in Tesco, the positive work
environment is the major aspect through which quality and diversity practices are encouraged.
This basically includes all the factors such as equal distribution of growth opportunities, giving
fair and equivalent pay, encouraging employees to help each other whenever required etc. All of
these aspects collectively formulate a positive working environment and this can be credited as
the reason that why Tesco can work as a global leader in the retail industry.
Theme 4: Grievance panel and zero tolerance policy were found to be major steps taken by
Tesco in case of any inequality.
What measures does Tesco takes when such
cases, if any, do arise in the organisation?
Frequency
Proper meetings and discussions 7
Grievance panel 8
Zero tolerance policy 8
Compensation 4
Completing only formal or preliminary policies 3
Total 30
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Interpretation: This pie chart critically shows that upon the analysis of the questionnaire it was
found out that there were two major policies that were adopted in the organisation on an
equivalent basis if any equality or diversity related issue arises amongst the workforce working
there. These two policies were zero tolerance policy and the grievance panel framework and the
responses clearly indicate that these are not just names or terms in the company. There is actually
strict measures that are being implemented in the company. Therefore, this interpretation shows
the strong side of Tesco as an excellent organisation for its employees and towards the
encouragement of equality and diversity in all workplaces.
Theme 5: Majority of the employees just agree to the current equality and diversity measures
prevalent in the organisation.
Do you agree with the existing practices of
equality and diversity in the organisation as
adequate?
Frequency
Completely agree 9
Agree 13
Neutral 1
Disagree 5
Completely disagree 2
Total 30
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Interpretation: The graph chart indicating the Likert scale rating on the agreement of
respondents related to the equality and diversity measures that are being adopted in the
organisation clearly indicates that the majority of the employees just agree with the practices that
are being adopted in the organisation. This analysis helps in interpreting that despite all the
measures there are certain areas where the company can further improve itself in the areas
related to the implementation of equality and diversity practices. Therefore, there needs to be
further work done in the organisation and the current status of the work is agreeable.
Theme 6: Average influence of HR in management practices of Tesco.
How would you rate the control and
influence of HR in engaging and motivating
the employees?
Frequency
Excellent 10
Average 16
Poor 4
Total 30
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Interpretation: On the question regarding the rating scale of the control and influence of HR in
the creation of motivated and capable workforce, the majority of the respondents rated them as
average followed by the excellent rating and then the poor rating. This again points out that the
work done on the creation of positive work environment is more on the employees art than on
the HR’s part and therefore, HR needs to improve and upscale the existing level of work being
performed.
P6. Conclusion and recommendation
Conclusion
It can be concluded that the Tesco Company is operating effective practices in the
company in regards to maintaining equality and diversity at work place. Company attracts human
resources all across the globe to sustain diversity at the work place. Company also prefer
employees on the basis of skills and capabilities rather than focusing over any gender or any
other form of discrimination. Management also frame suitable polices to maintain the gender
equality and diversification in the company. It is identifies due to gender equality and diversity
company has improved its growth potentials in target market. Diversity has also improved the
business practices of the company as employees from different part of the world get to explore
the experiences in order to meet business objectives. Diversification of company has enabled
company to expand the business at different parts of the globe.
Recommendations
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On the basis of the entire report and information collected in the report over the Tesco
Company in respect to its equality and diversification policies it can be recommended that
although company is doing better. It can be recommended that although company is operating
better practices to sustain equality and diversity at a work place company can implement more
effective practices to sustain diversity at work place. Company can involve employees in
operation plantings and also to plan product development activities. Company can form the
employee grievance centre to see employee issues (Zanoni and Janssens, 2018). This centre will
also look at discrimination issues on the basis of gender or other form of discrimination. It can be
recommended that this centre will empower company in order to cater more productive
organisation culture. It can be recommended that company can also implement more training
programs to improve the quality of employee performance. It is recommended that company can
give priorities to include bottom level employees for forming operation planning. This will also
improve the work culture of the company. Involvement of employees in product expansion
strategies will also support company in attracting more profitable growth and business
development opportunities.
LO 4
P7. Reflection
I conducted the entire research over the impact of equality and diversity over the
performance of the organisation. I have identified with the support of the entire research that
equality and diversification in the organisation put a huge impact over the company’s
performance in target market (Westwood, 2017). Tesco Company is among the leading
organisation in retail sector all over the globe. The well diversified work force of the company is
among the key reason behind the success of the organisation in retail sector. I have observed
with the support of research that company give huge emphasis on equality at work place.
Equality improves the organization culture of company. With the support of non probability
sampling is collected information about the company’s policies in respect to human resource
management and development of employees. I observe that the organisation do not segregate
employees on the basis of any gender or any other diversification which has also improved the
business perspective of the company. I have analysed that due to equality at work place the
employees in Tesco Company get opportunities to innovate in the operation practices. Innovation
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and creativity play huge role in improving the growth potentials of the organisation in the
market.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adams, J., Loach, T. and Szomszor, M., 2016. Interdisciplinary research: Methodologies for
identification and assessment. Digital research reports.
Christian, J., Porter, L.W. and Moffitt, G., 2016. Workplace diversity and group relations: An
overview. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 9(4). pp.459-466.
Colquitt, J., Lepine, J.A. and Gellatly, I.R., 2017. Organizational behavior: Improving
performance and commitment in the workplace (Vol. 375). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
Irwin.
Guenther, J. and et.al., 2017. Hearing the voice of remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
training stakeholders using research methodologies and theoretical frames of
reference. Race ethnicity and education. 20(2). pp.197-208.
Kuby, C. R., 2017. POSTSTRUCTURAL AND POSTHUMAN THEORIES AS LITERACY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES. Literacy Lives in Transcultural Times. 6. p.157.
Patrick, H.A. and Kumar, V.R., 2015. Managing workplace diversity: Issues and
challenges. Sage Open. 2(2). p.2158244012444615.
Pitts, D.W., 2016. Modeling the impact of diversity management. Review of Public Personnel
Administration. 26(3). pp.245-268.
Rao, A., 2017. Managing diversity: Impact of religion in the Indian workplace. Journal of World
Business. 47(2). pp.232-239.
Schachner, M. K., 2019. From equality and inclusion to cultural pluralism–Evolution and effects
of cultural diversity perspectives in schools. European Journal of Developmental
Psychology. 16(1). pp.1-17.
Westwood, S., 2017. Ageing, Diversity and Equality. Taylor & Francis.
Zanoni, P. and Janssens, M., 2018. Intersectionality as a methodological tool in qualitative
equality, diversity and inclusion research. In Handbook of research methods in diversity
management, equality and inclusion at work. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Online
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Why is diversity in the workplace important. 2012. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.brighthr.com/articles/equality-and-discrimination/equality-and-diversity-in-
the-workplace>
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APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Name
Age
Gender
1. Are you aware with the concept of equality and diversity in an organisational workforce?
 Yes
 No
2. Do you think that the equality and diversity practices can assist in the development of overall
organisational culture development?
 Yes
 No
3. Which of the following aspects do you think Tesco is applying in its organisation to increase
diversity?
 Employees belong to different cultural backgrounds
 No biasness on gender or colour
 Mutual respect amongst the employees
 Positive work environment
 Equivalent opportunities
4. What measures does Tesco takes when such cases, if any, do arise in the organisation?
 Proper meetings and discussions
 Grievance panel
 Zero tolerance policy
 Compensation
 Completing only formal or preliminary policies
5. Do you agree with the existing practices of equality and diversity in the organisation as
adequate?
 Completely agree
 Agree
 Neutral
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 Disagree
 Completely disagree
6. How would you rate the control and influence of HR in engaging and motivating the
employees?
 Excellent
 Average
 Poor
7. What are recommendations that you can given to Tesco for improvement of its existing work
policies?
___________________________________________________________________________
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