PHIL 2110 - Ethics: Kant, Mill, Utilitarianism, and Ethical Dilemmas

This assignment delves into ethical theories, primarily focusing on Kantian ethics, utilitarianism, and deontology. It examines how Kant and Mill would approach a scenario involving organ transplants, exploring the ethical implications of their philosophies. The essay further analyzes the potential for injustices under utilitarian principles and how such arguments might be countered. It addresses practical ethical scenarios, including an analysis of Stacy's job-related dilemmas, and the ethics of the Milgram experiment. The assignment also critically evaluates the ethical considerations surrounding Facebook's data collection practices, applying both utilitarian and deontological viewpoints. The analysis provides a comprehensive overview of ethical frameworks and their application to real-world situations, including business and societal contexts.

Running head: ETHICS
ETHICS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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1.
Kant’s ethical concern have been based on the descriptive ethics. This ethical aspect
includes the aspect of what do people thinks is right. As per the consideration, the main
consideration that can be made is that it is an empirical research that is to make as per the
attitude of individual groups of people. It is considered that decision making process is made as
per the description of the option that is provided. As per the theory understanding the theories
that helps in better understanding of the right and wrong is considered (Baron 2018). This
consideration includes the fact that uncovering of moral decision making is made. Being virtuous
have been one of the major aspect that is to be considered. Legal aspects are to be considered in
this section. Hence Kant would be stating the doctor not to perform the operation for
transplanting the organs. As there will be legal issues in future, the entire process is to be
eliminated.
Mill would have advised Doctor to perform the transplant process as the consequence of
the entire process will be providing a positive result to a majority. It is seen that 5 persons will be
getting benefitted in the process and none will be getting harmed. Hence the consequence of the
entire aspect will be on a positive node. The ethical theory of John Stuart Mill states that saying
action are right as long as it promotes human happiness. Mill have been focusing on the result of
the job and not the method that is used in completion of the process.
2.
As per Kantian argument regarding treatment of children, it can be stated that the
children also have a certain set of rights that are to be provided to them. Hence the issue of

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denying the rights can not be supported as per the theory of Utilitarianism. This section ensures
that the entire process will be having an improper ideology of the theory of Utilitarianism.
3.
It have been seen that there are 3 major aspects that can be performed by Stacy. Stacy
might be performing the duty in a positive manner, despite the issues he has been facing in the
process, Stacy can be open to the new candidates regarding the improper working environment.
This will be affecting the organization good will in a huge manner. Lastly the option that is left
for Stacy is to resign form the job. As per the ethics of alternative, the main aspect that is
considered in the process is that Stacy will have to stay quiet and not inform the new employees
about the issues that are ongoing, it will be ensuring that the new employees who will be joining
the organization will not be aware of the business environment and hence wise work accordingly
(Wood 2017). However the main benefit that will be received in the process is that the
interviewees will be having a good will for the company and this will ensure that there will be a
higher number of new entrants.
The cost benefit will be measured with the aspect of the number of new employees who
have been joining the organization without knowing the entire aspect. Yes, the benefit of telling
the truth outweigh the benefits of lying. It have been seen that in case Stacy had lied the new
interviewees, they would be having a different thought process and this leads to the fact that they
would not have stayed in the organization for a long period, whereas in case of telling the truth
the new employees will be aware of the behavior one will be responsible for committing wrong
deeds. This will be increasing the stability of the organization employees and this will be
benefitting the organization in a long run (Chandler 2019). In case Stacy had told the truth, there
would have been fewer numbers of employee interested for the job, however the interviewees

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who have been present even after knowing the entire scenario will be staying in the organization
for a prolonged period, which will be benefitting the entire process.
Hence the action Stacy should be taking is to keep on performing his job in an efficient
manner
4.
It have been seen that the milligram experiment have been a forceful one and despite the
teachers knowing the fact that this method was unethical, they focused on the goal of the
experiment.
Yes, there are certain charecters that differentiate the authority figures. Decisiveness and
Accomplishment are the 2 important qualities that are to be considered in this case (Morrison,
Wilmshurst & Shimeld 2018).
The authoritative figure of my organization convinced me to work after my shift hours. I
did not want to work initially as I had other works however, I worked as I wanted to have a
better relation with the higher authority.
Yes, I feel people now a days are more aware. For example, they are aware of the company
policies and norms behind which they do not intend to work.
5. A.
1. No. whatever Facebook have been doing is unethical in nature. It can be stated that the
data that are collected by Facebook have been done without the concern of the users of
Facebook. This have been acting as an unethical constraint. It is completely unethical as
the data are collected without proper knowledge of the users.

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2. Other business have been charging people for the services they have been providing,
whereas Facebook have been providing the service for free and collecting data from the
users and selling the same to business organization.
3. As per Utilitarianism, the act that is per formed by Facebook is considered to be right as
the outcome that is received have been easing the life of both the users and the business
organizations (Grant, Arjoon & McGhee 2017). As per deontology, the entire process
have been a wrong one as there have been legal issues in the process. Right ethics also
states that this activity is inappropriate as there is security based issues.

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References
Baron, M. W. (2018). Kantian ethics almost without apology. Cornell University Press.
Chandler, R. C. (2019). Deontological Dimensions of Administrative Ethics Revisited.
In Handbook of Administrative Ethics (pp. 205-220). Routledge.
Grant, P., Arjoon, S., & McGhee, P. (2017). Reconciling Ethical Theory and Practice: Toward
Developing a Business Ethics Pedagogical Model. Business and Professional Ethics
Journal, 36(1), 41-65.
Morrison, L., Wilmshurst, T., & Shimeld, S. (2018). Environmental reporting through an ethical
looking glass. Journal of Business Ethics, 150(4), 903-918.
Wood, A. W. (2017). How a Kantian Decides What to Do. In The Palgrave Kant Handbook (pp.
263-284). Palgrave Macmillan, London.