Report on Ethics in Information Systems: E-Verify System and Impacts

This report delves into the ethical considerations surrounding the E-Verify system, a crucial component of information systems used for employee verification in the United States. It begins with an overview of ethics in information technology, discussing the importance of ethical guidelines and the potential consequences of unethical practices. The report then provides a detailed analysis of the E-Verify system, outlining its function, the types of documents it verifies, and its role in ensuring that employees are authorized to work in the country. It explores the system's advantages, such as enhancing security and streamlining the verification process, as well as its limitations, including potential inaccuracies and the risk of discrimination. The report also examines the evolution of the E-Verify system, highlighting its adoption by various states and employers. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of ethical considerations in the design and implementation of information systems and offering recommendations for improving the accuracy and fairness of the E-Verify system.

Running ead CS RMA S S MSH : ETHI IN INFO TION Y YTE 0
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Report
Student ameN

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Table of Contents
ecutive SummaryEx .......................................................................................................................................2
ntroductionI ...................................................................................................................................................3
thics in nformation echnologyE I T :.................................................................................................................3
Verify SystemE- :..........................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................7
Recommendations.........................................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................8

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Executive Summary
Ethics are an important of a society in which you lived or work. There are so many rules, which
are telling you what is right, or wrong in a particular condition in front of anybody, those are
ethics. Ethics in information technology are not different but they necessary after some bad cases
are happened. There are four basic approaches to deal with ethical issues.
E-Verify system is used to verification of employees, which are newly hired by a company. It is
just cross check the documents, which are provided by employee at human source department of
employers. This is Internet based tool and it is verifying the documents from government data.
States and companies are used this system and adopt it for future use. It is so helpful to cross
verify documents of a worker that he or she is eligible for work or not by United States
department.
E-Verify system is more accurate in next decades and it provides better performance for
verification of employees that will reduce corruption. Such type of tools is helpful for large
organization for proper working without any harm from employees to anyone.

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Introduction
United States is a highly secure and safe country. Many things are necessary for security of
nation, such as valid identity of every citizen. Eligibility document is necessary for residence as
well as employment. In present time, information systems are very secure and highly accreted.
According to Law, every country has specific rules for employers and employees for
employment. United States also has law for employment that applying to every companies
operating in the United States. They permit only valid persons, who are legally permitted to work
in the United States. Following to this law, all employers of United States must complete I-9
form and retain it. It is for employment eligibility verification for each employees, whether he or
she is citizen and noncitizen of United States. An employer must complete Form I-9 of all
employees, whether the documents related to the employee and reasonably appear to be genuine.
There are many rules and regulation of employers for each employee but this is necessary to
individual worker in companies (Reynolds, 2011).
In the next part of this report, it will discuss about E-verify system and different things, which
are necessary for employment in United States. In addition, I will discuss about advantages of
information technology role in this verification system. In this report, it will discuss about ethics
in information technology. The use of Internet is increasing day by day. There are many
advantages from Internet but still some drawbacks of Internet related to personal data. Many
unauthorized users are accessing personal information from internet unethically (Bélanger &
Crossler, 2011).
Ethics in Information Technology:
Ethics are just set of rules for establish behavior of person for a society. In these rules, some
statements are there for behaving in society. These are moral codes for a person related to their
behavior with other persons. The term morality, explains about what is right or wrong in a
particular situation (University, 2018). There is a minor difference between Ethics, Moral, and
law. Morals are one’s personal beliefs, while the term ethics describes about behavior of an

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individual or group, such as profession, nation, and company. If system tells about what we can
and cannot do to us that is a Law. There are four basic approaches to dealing with ethical issues,
such as Virtue ethics approach, Common good approach, Utilitarian approach, and Fairness
approach (Mason, 2017). They have their own principles to deal with ethical issues (Alter, 2001).
Therefore, it is necessary to all organization to secure personal data of all employees and well as
customers from unethical users. I am taking an example of Microsoft. Microsoft has four pillars
of trustworthy computing such as security, privacy, reliability, and business integrity (Stair &
Reynolds, 2013). In case of Information system, they always have a goal to secure personal
information of a client. Now a days cloud computing services are so popular for many type of
services, such as infrastructure, platform, and online service for data storage or processing the
data online (Kizza, 2007). IT organizations are having rules and regulation according to laws of
their particular country to secure data and information at their end. There is still many issues are
occurred but different approaches are used to solve them. Particular policies and MOU’s are
signed between organization and client about data and services (Introna, 2007).
E-Verify System:
E-Verify are information system software for verification of employee’s documentation. It is run
by the Homeland security. This system is use for employment authorization to allow employers
to hire new employees. It is Internet-based system, which is electronically verifying documents
of newly hired employees. Different types of documents are verified by this system, such as
United States passport, permanent resident card, photo ID card issued by a local, state, or federal
department, Social Security card, and birth certificate. This software compares information
between United States government records and employee’s Form I-9. If all relevant documents
are matches, then the employee is eligible to work in the company. If documents are not matches
from records than an alert send to the employer and employee have eight days to resolving this
issue at specific department related to particular document. There will be no termination of
employee during these eight days. Government agencies further research on the mismatches off
documents ( Reynolds, 2018).

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First time this was applied at Arizona State by the Supreme Court. It is mandatory to all
employers to use of E-Verify. There are different results of this law in various States. Uses of E-
Verify were at different levels, such as country level and city level. E-verify use was increasing
rapidly by the number of employers. It was almost double between 2010 to 2012. There was an
immigration bill proposed that, it was required to all companies with 500 and more employees to
adopt this system within next three years by the United States Senate in 2013. It was adopted by
226,538 employers in 2010 and 404,295 employers in 2012. In 2010, E-verify conducted by a
private company on behalf of the United States Citizenship and immigration Services that
analyze E-Verify system was inconsistent in 4.1 percent of initial responses. From 4.1 percent,
3.35 percent of workers are not actually eligible to work but it shows authorized and 0.75 percent
workers not authorized but they were in fact authorized (Reynolds, 2011).
By 2012, however, E-Verify were more consistent and it reduces the percentage from 4.1 to 1.35
only. E-verify have a limit that, the system cannot detect all cases of identity fraud. Immigration
and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has conducted many raids for found unauthorized workers at
different companies and in case of Howard industries of electrical transformer plant at
Mississippi, they found 600 employees are working in campiness behalf of someone other
documents. E-Verify system has less than 100 percent accuracy rate. This system also identify
about fraud identity of many workers. A new tool is used to verify photo of employee that will
make E-Verify more accurate. This photo tool was implemented by ICE, in which photo in
government record and photo at form I-9 matches. Also for accuracy of E-Verify, system
different government databases may be integrated.
There are some issues with accuracy of E-Verify system, use of E-verify system will lead to
discrimination, and it will harm authorized employees. In case of human resources department,
they thought it is an additional work for them, such as updating personal records, follow-ups, and
managing all records in a well manner. E-verify system is a problem for those companies, who
are doing unauthorized work from not eligible workers, which are citizen or noncitizen of that
country (Reynolds, 2011).
There are so many IT projects are occurred with different feature for development of country and
they increased overall growth of country and reduce long procedures for verification process.
They also save time and free form unnecessary work of human resources department employees.

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According to this case study, implementation of such type of information system, which is highly
inbuilt with new technologies based on Internet, is more useful for stopping unauthorized people
for employment. It is also integrate the information of additional government databases, which
makes it more accurate to found out, whether the employee is authorized and unauthorized for
employment at United States. As an example, photo tool is advancement in the E-Verify system
and it makes it more accurate. There are many advantages of E-Verify system for the security
purpose of United States. This is not a big task to manage by a company. This is also useful for
companies, such as employee is valid for employ or not. According to survey, E-Verify are most
useful and accurate system for verification of employees at various companies. It gives an
eligibility to a worker to work anywhere in United State (Mingers & Walsham, 2010).
In case of minor business, it is not beneficial but if any company having 500 and more than 500
employees then it should be mandate for that company to use E-Verify system. As an owner of a
minor business, they should use E-Verify system to verification of employees that they are
authorized or unauthorized for employ in the companies of United States. This will help to my
company, for identifying employee real identity (Jin, et al., 2007).
According to survey, uses of E-Verify information system at big level organization and
government departments. It will be very useful and beneficial for the companies as well as at
country level. Only authorized person will work in any company or state. It is also better in case
of noncitizen person. Although, there is many valid ID proof for security purposes, such as
driver’s license, Social security number and residential proof (Wright, 2011).
E-Verify system is integrate different databases of government agencies, which a personal
information of all citizens of country and for noncitizens, it collect data from immigration
services. Therefore, this information is so helpful for verification of data at deeper level.
Verification is a process of employment just before employment in every private and
government agencies. So, making it little bit fast, Internet and software used to verification. At
the end it is clear that unauthorized persons work in many companies and they can be harmful
for companies itself in future ( Matteo & Floridi, 2009). In this E-Verify system, such types of
facilities are provided by using Internet and it is simple to use by anyone. It provides all options
for verification different types of documents.

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Conclusion
It is concluded from previous part of this report that, accurate E-Verify system was very useful
for large organization and government agencies. In addition, E-Verify will be more accurate in
future time for verification process. It makes an easier process for employer that, they are hiring
authorized employees in their company. In some cases, it produce big level of unemployment,
but according adopters of E-Verify system that, they believe it should be used to ensure about
their workers. Ethics are just like protocols for behavior in different condition and various places
according to their need. It is also concluded that use of different approaches to deal with ethical
issues.
Finally, it is concluded that ethics in information systems are beneficial for employers and
employees also in different perspective, such as security, reliability, scalability, and productivity.
E-Verify system is just a way to follow rules for employment nothing else.
Recommendations
 Homeland security and ICE department applied verification of employees is must to large
organization, such as E-Verify are mandate to every organization in US.
 Companies must use Internet-based photo tools and biometric devices to avoid
unauthorized entry in the system.
 For growth of organization and nation, always supports new system to improve reliability
 Integrate data and information to public based system with use of Internet for making
system more accurate.
 Always consider Laws, Ethics, and Morals in daily life or professional life, which are
necessary to every citizen or non-citizen.
 Accuracy of a system in not an issues sometimes, as they give result more than 95
percent.

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References
Mason, R. O., 2018. Four Ethical Issues of the Information Age. [Online]
Available at: https://www.gdrc.org/info-design/4-ethics.html
[Accessed 18 September 2018].
Matteo, T. & Floridi, L., 2009. The ethics of information transparency. Ethics and Information
Technology, 11(2), pp. 105-112.
Reynolds, G., 2018. Ethics in Information Technology. 6th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
Alter, S., 2001. Information systems: Foundation of e-business. 4 ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall
PTR .
Bélanger, F. & Crossler, R. E., 2011. Privacy in the digital age: a review of information privacy
research in information systems. MIS quarterly, 35(4), pp. 1017-1042.
Introna, . L. D., 2007. Maintaining the reversibility of foldings: Making the ethics (politics) of
information technology visible. Ethics and Information Technology, 9(1), pp. 11-25.
Jin, K. G., Drozdenko, R. & Bassett, R., 2007. Information technology professionals’ perceived
organizational values and managerial ethics: An empirical study. Journal of Business Ethics,
71(2), pp. 149-159.
Kizza, J. M., 2007. Ethical and social issues in the information age. UK: Springer..
Mason, R. O., 2017. Four ethical issues of the information age. In Computer Ethics, 1(1), pp. 41-
48.
Mingers, J. & Walsham, G., 2010. Toward ethical information systems: the contribution of
discourse ethics. Mis Quarterly, 34(4), pp. 833-854.
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Company.

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Reynolds, G. W., 2011. Ethics in information technology. 5 ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
Stair, . R. & Reynolds, G., 2013. Principles of information systems. 11 ed. Boston: Cengage
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University, U., 2018. Ethics in IT. [Online]
Available at: http://www.it.uu.se/research/project/itethics
[Accessed 18 September 2018].
Wright, D., 2011. A framework for the ethical impact assessment of information technology.
Ethics and information technology, 13(3), pp. 199-226.