ISM HND Fourth Semester: Internet Technologies and Protocols

This report, submitted by Dipak Chhetri for the HND Fourth Semester at ISM, provides a critical evaluation of several internet technologies and communication protocols. The report begins with an introduction to protocols and then delves into the specifics of TCP/IP, DHCP, SNMP, OSI, FTP, ICMP, and SMTP. Each protocol is explained, and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The report also explores different internet services such as Intranet, Email, Ecommerce, and certificate services. Furthermore, it covers inter-networking servers, including database servers, e-commerce servers, and email servers. The document concludes with a review of hardware and software components for server environments, including CPU, RAM, operating systems and security tools, offering recommendations for network management and security. Finally, it covers the configuration and use of various servers such as Web, DNS, E-Commerce and FTP servers, and reviews the usage of firewall policies and network monitoring tools, providing a comprehensive overview of the technologies and protocols involved in network communications and server management.