The Impact of Events on Sustainable Tourism and Community Development

This report examines the contribution of events to community development and sustainable tourism, focusing on their impact on various forms of capital within a destination. It explores how events influence built, human, natural, social, and cultural capital, ultimately enhancing destination well-being. The analysis covers event classification, impact, and tourist significance, considering the rising expectations of tourists and the importance of a distinctive destination image. The report emphasizes the role of community involvement in tourism planning and the evolution of planning approaches. It highlights the relationship between events and sustainable tourism, offering recommendations for positive event and destination management. The report synthesizes findings on event contributions to destination image, positioning, branding, and the importance of host community support and involvement.

Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................2
Events and Sustainable Tourism..................................................................................................................6
Synthesis and Recommendations.................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................8
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Introduction
The research has taken place in the available literature to understand the contribution of events to
community development with specific attention on how these events also contribute to both the
different capitals that make up destination community well-being and sustainable tourism within
the destination region. The primary objective of the discussion is to highlight the key factors of
events in the current form of tourism as well as to understand their classification, impact, and
outcome and tourist significance. It is evident that nowadays, the average of the number of
tourists is rising worldwide along with their expectations and requirements (Azad et al., 2017).
One of the primary observations in the research is the fact that building a tourist destination is a
risky, complicated, and often a prolonged process. Because tourists have options to pick and
choose, it is essential that each location should draw up a distinctive destination product, image,
and brand. Going by the facts, public involvement in planning and development is fundamental
to the nature of tourism. Furthermore, the Community involvement has distinguished as portion
of the inescapable ‘democratization' of citizen’s life. As the number of countries moving toward
entirely market-based economic system is on the increase, people are demanding more
entanglement in every matter which affects their lives, including tourism development issues.
With the change in generations, numerous tourism planning approaches have emerged, including
the physical, environmental, economic, community approaches. They emphasize the aspects of
destination planning and management. According to (Armenski et al., 2017), the theoretical
concepts of sustainable tourism development have been addressed appropriately in the academic
literature. One of the famous models has received the attention for its underpinning sustainability
philosophy is the concept of strategic visioning.
Events and Destination Community Wellbeing
The subsequent parts of the discussion are concerned with the main features of the relevant form
of capital plus the different ways in which events can make a positive contribution it. In the
context of communities, there are different kinds of community assets - built, human, natural,
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social and so on. In combination with one another, they help the community receive the
appropriate benefits (Buning & Gibson, 2016). Each of the capital requires care, nurture as well
as improved over time
Figure.1 Community Capital
Events and Built Capital
As per (Choi et al., 2017), Built Capital involves the constructed infrastructure for use such as
water systems, electronic communication, machinery, roads, buildings, sewers. Built capital
includes roads, factory buildings, houses, heavy equipment, and apartment buildings.
Furthermore, it also includes the necessities like food and clothing. Apart from these
requirements, the developed countries are also using some other products at present like
dishwashers, telephone and more of the same. Given the fact that the infrastructure of a country
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Buildings,equipments,information,infrastructureEventsandHumanCapitalSkill.healthability,educationEventsandSocialCapitalFamily,neighbours,community,covernmentEventsandNaturalCapitalFood,water,energyEventsandCulturalCapitalLanguage,tradition,rituals

is one of the important things which attract tourist, it can be stated that the built capital is a
relevant capital. As tourists have choices when it comes to choosing a holiday destination, the
infrastructure of the country should be advanced and developed. As given details in (Clark et al.,
2017), the events of the state also attract more customers during a particular period like any
famous festival of the state can receive more tourism. For example, New York City receives
more tourists during Christmas celebrations. Similarly, different events can increase the tourist
market; they also contribute to the growth of the economy of the state. Electronic
communication, machinery, roads, buildings, etc. are all the basic things that need upgradation as
per the requirements. While a developed infrastructure leads to the positive impact of the
destination and event management, events also play a significant role in the formulation of
different strategies for tourism development in several areas. Hosting the events need to meet the
requirements of tourism. Its promotion, with the help of most useful media, can contribute to
constructing a basic aim for all communities indulged in destination marketing management to
increase the profit of tourism (Fairley, et al., 2016).
Events and Human Capital
Individual's skills, physical and mental health and education, constitutes human capital. It is an
essential factor in every country or society as it contributes to the community (Yolal et al.,
2016). Every individual represents their country and its values, so their identity and origin can be
identified based on their culture and society. Different events organized by the people living in
the same state enrich the country and its culture. The way of involving people in various
manifestations of the state, coupled with their communication strengthen the idea of co-
existence. Also, development in sectors like health, education also depends on the improvement
of the individuals. It is an investment that also adds to their well being and self-esteem.
Furthermore, the analysis is to review the literature and frame a conceptual model, including the
key constructs, linkages, and processes indulged in the relationship between tourist destination
development and the image of the brand of the tourist destination. Additionally, human capital
can have a positive effect on targeted tourism management. According to (Haimes, 2015), there
are numerous examples of investing in human capital that can contribute to the event and tourist
management. Such examples involve the provision of appropriate health care, child education,
and training of workers, supplying food for every individual in the society in an adequate
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amount, getting plenty of exercises, and developing peaceful relations with other nations. For the
achievement of the goals related to sustainability, there is a huge requirement of increasing the
economic profit to the local community while concurrently decreasing the environmental and
social costs.
Events and Social Capital
(Halpenny et al., 2016) opines that, Social Capital is a capital investment in the outcome of the
process, which indicates how organizations, people, and groups in the community get along. For
examples let's include the mutual trust, leadership, working together, and the sense of a shared
future. These are some of the different factors that enhance the country with their positive
contribution. Social capital expresses the connections among the community; this is the best
possible way to explain the different processes of how people interact and relate to each other in
the same place. The connections with family, friends, and neighbors are the simplest one known
to every individual. Therefore, while discussing the events and tourism management, it is
essential to also understand the connectivity among each other on a larger scale. The connections
like community and volunteer organizations, the capabilities of groups of people to construct the
governments to handle the common problems, and also the skill of individuals to form
companies to produce goods and services to satisfy the requirements of the community.
Events and Cultural Capital
Community development involves a group of people who initiate different social activities to
enhance the different capital situation. Capital plays a decisive role in the management of events
and tourism. Therefore, the culture of any community grabs the attention of more people if it
represents appropriately. According to (Machlup, 2014), Cultural Capital assets involve the
values, local beliefs, festivals, history, foods, cultural heritage, art, etc. Every community has its
cultural heritage, festivals, which are distinct and others' attention. Different events of the
community receive more tourist, as every person loves to explore different cultural heritage. The
different culture of the community can contribute more to the capital development of the cultural
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heritage, values, and art of the country in a correct form. Cultural capital also includes different
languages and rituals that take place in different states. Every country possesses different
dressing style and traditions; a better way of promoting their culture will affect the management
of tourism positively.
In the last few years, cultural tourism has become the byword for tourism. At present, tourists are
interested primarily in exploring the different culture and living styles. Thus, event tourism has
become one of the fastest growing industries in the tourism sector. It is believed that such
growing interest for special events can help to provide beneficial activities in the community
(Vogt et al., 2016).
Events and Natural Capital
All natural aspects of the community are involved in the Natural Capital. These include clean air,
assets of fresh water, landscape, wildlife, good soil, parks, and lakes, etc. These elements are
taken out of nature for use on a daily basis. However, nature can prove to be the most significant
factor in tourism management. It is evident that most of the people search a peaceful and healthy
but a natural environment for their holiday destination.
When choosing the destination for the trip, a majority of people like to explore the associated
nature place. Hill stations get more tourism as people feel more comfortable with associated
nature community where they can forget their stress in the beauty of nature. Therefore,
contributing to the quality of life, the beauty of nature is important to tourism and recreation and
this also forms the basis of the economy of the communities. (Misener, 2013) opines that the
Safeguard of prime wetlands and farmlands, and the prevention of pollution is as much important
as the replenishment of resources before exhaustion. Additionally, managing wastes in
ecologically sound forms are all essential examples of investing in natural capital.
Events and Sustainable Tourism
The Events can be categorized based on the attraction of tourism. The process of its organization
defines the relationship established between particular events and tourism. With the help of
volunteers, the Festivals and events are arranged primarily for residents who reflect their culture
and traditions. Although it can prove to be a valuable opportunity for visitors in the area, most of
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the times these events are small and have a limited tourist attraction. According to (Moscardo &
Murphy, 2014), it is natural as they are the community oriented. Massive tourism has the
potential not just to boost the economy of a country but also to spread its culture worldwide.
Additionally, the events of regional and provincial importance also possess the power to attract
tourists in sustainable tourism. From the perspective of tourist events of national and
international significance are most attractive as it gives new colors to life with various festivals
of different communities. Various manifestations of the other countries attract domestic and
international tourists and also enrich the reputation and attractiveness of the respective
destination. However, the primary goals of these events are to increase the tourism as well as
appeal to be the host destination as much as possible. One of the most popular definitions about
of sustainable development by an author is that Development is something that helps to meet the
requirements of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to respond to
their needs. According to (Park et al., 2015) a subset of sustainable development theory, the
planning of sustainable tourism has been seen by many as a means of enhancing the positive and
reducing the negative effects of tourism activity on destination communities. (Pelenc & Ballet,
2015) has said that the study sought to develop a theoretical structure to promote the application
of sustainability principles to local tourism destination planning.
Synthesis and Recommendations
In this concluding section of the analysis, the discussion depends on the factors that support
event contributions to destination community well-being and sustainable tourism. It highlights
that the Events have a substantial effect on building the image of a destination image. It also
promotes positioning and branding - the two key factors that contribute to the perception of a
tourist destination. The events should be planned and organized in a way that they differ from
each other; it helps meet the satisfaction of visitors and their loyalty, which is essential for
repeating events. Location improvements, community development, contributions to societal
institutions are some other elements that have been recommended by (Todd, et al., 2017) to carry
out the positive effect of event and destination management in a country or community.
According to the synthesis, the host community must be supportive and involved in the event.
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It has recommended by the scholars that, the destination managers must use functions as efficient
equipment for the enhancement of tourism in the destination. However, for that, they have to
adopt a different strategic approach and policy to event tourism in the field of planning and
development to understand the complete scope of the destination. Some of the advance policies
like constant monitoring are mandatory, apart from accepting the tourism strategies with
innovation, including various events (Niekerk, 2017).
The primary goals of event tourism should include factors like making decisions based on the
extent to which the current events have to develop and publicize the attraction for the tourist.
Furthermore, it is also important to understand the scope of extension level for the creation and
development of new events and event offers will support. Moreover, the role played by the
developments in the creation and strengthening of the destination image must be taken into
consideration as observed in the analysis with the modern perspective. Each of the destination
which wants to enrich their tourist attractiveness must construct the accurate plans for the
development of tourism. Also, these programs need to determine on the strategic planning of
events if they want to understand the complete potential of event tourism. As per the (Uysa et al.,
2016), the events those are organize in a particular destination must be planned and developed
systematically and should establish as tourist attractions, the incitation for further development,
image builders and animators of the destination.
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