92318 Evidence-Based Nursing Research Assessment 3 Submission

This assignment is a comprehensive evidence-based nursing research assessment. It begins with developing a focused research question using the PICO framework, specifically addressing the use of zinc lozenges for treating cold symptoms in children. The student formulates a PICO question, identifies relevant search terms, and plans a search strategy. The assignment then requires the student to execute the search strategy in two databases, providing screenshots of the searches. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a qualitative study abstract are included. The student appraises the quality of the RCT using the CASP tool, evaluating its validity, results, and precision. The assessment demonstrates the student's ability to apply research principles, critically evaluate evidence, and synthesize findings to answer a clinical question.

EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH 1
EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH
Student Name
Institution Affiliation
Facilitator
Course
Date
92318 Evidence for Nursing Assessment 3 Submission Template 1

EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH 2
ASSESSMENT Item Three: SUBMISSION TEMPLATE Weight: 50% of the overall mark
Due date: 11: 59 pm, Sunday 27 January 2019, through Turnitin. No paper submission is required.
Please complete the following the activities by filling in the spaces below. This is a word document so
you can add space as needed.
This assessment builds on your assessment one. Read and follow the template carefully.
Part 2.1 of the Assessment 3 template is the work you undertook in Assessment 1 (with any
improvements suggested in the feedback you received).
PART 1: PARTICIPATES IN THE FIRST AND THE SECOND ONLINE DISCUSSION FORUMS (4
marks).
PART 2.1: DEVELOPING A FOCUSED QUESTION AND ACQUIRING RELEVANT EVIDENCE (3
marks).
1. Use the following categories to help define your problem and what you are looking at in simple terms
PICO: Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome.
(Remember to use your readings to help you if you are unsure)
Patient/Problem: Children
Intervention: Zinc Lozenges
Comparison: ______
Outcome: Cold symptom
2. Now use these terms from the question above to create your PICO research question so that you have a
clear purpose for your search:
In (P) Children does (I) Zinc Lozenges compared with (C) No Zinc Lozenges reduce (O) Cold Symptoms?
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3. What type of clinical question do you think this PICO answers?
*□ Therapeutic □ Aetiology □ Diagnostic □ Prevention □ Prognosis □ Others
4. The table below will help you to think of the other terms that you might also like to look up when
searching for evidence to help you answer your question – this is part of basic planning for a research
search.
 We ask you to look up alternative terms because sometimes articles from different countries and
health systems call things different names – for example, in Australia we sometimes use the term
‘community nurses’, but in the UK they often talk about ‘district nurses’ – if you only searched
under ‘district nurse’ you’d miss all the articles which happened to a different term – you would be
missing some of the pictures!
Population Intervention Comparison
(not commonly used in
actual database search
strategy)
Outcome
(not commonly used in
actual database search
strategy)
What is your population?
Main search term:
Children
What other terms might
have been used?
Alternative search
terms:
What is your
intervention? Main
search term:
Zinc Lozenges
What other terms might
have been used?
Alternative search
What is your
comparison? Main
search term:
What other terms might
have been used?
Alternative search
What is your outcome?
Main search term:
Cold Symptoms
What other terms might
have been used?
Alternative search
terms:
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Minor
Paediatric
terms:
Zinc
Zinc Syrup
terms:
Flue
Common viral infection
A runny nose
5. Is there a particular group of people that you want to look at? List here any inclusion criteria you might
use to refine your search if you have too many papers:
Gender: all type Age Range: 0-18
Publication Dates: ______________________ Language: ____________________________
6. What kind of study do you think would best answer your question? Select here which type of article you
might want to access. You can also use these to refine your search if you have a lot of papers.
*□ Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
□ Cohort Study
□ Qualitative Study
□ Economic Evaluation
□ Case-control Study/Case Series
Systematic Search Strategy Worksheet
7. Now that you have decided on WHAT you will be searching, you need to put down a plan of HOW you
will search for your articles. This helps you and others to see how you got your evidence and how you made
sure you got the best evidence to help you decide on your clinical action.
 Using the PICO terms in your table, enter each term in a row (group them together under the PICO
categories).
 The next step is to combine similar terms using ‘OR’ .
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 The final step is to use ‘AND’ to combine your searches for different PICO elements.
Key terms:
1 Children
2 Minor
3 Paediatric
4 1 OR 2 OR 3
5 Zinc Lozenges
6 Zinc
7 Zinc Syrup
8 5 OR 6 OR 7
9 Cold Symptom
1
0
Common Cold
1
1
Flu
1
2
1
3
1
4
Common Viral Infection
A runny nose
Rhinorrhea
1
5
_9_ OR_10__OR_11__OR_12__OR 13 OR 14 (combine alternate terms for same topic)
1
6
1
_4___AND__8__AND _15
Limit 16 to (“all child (0 to 18 years)” and English and last 10 years)
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7
OR = combine alternate terms for the same topic – to get as many potential papers as possible!
AND = combine the groups of topics to get papers which cover ALL the terms!
PART 2.2: EVIDENCE OF APPLICATION OF SEARCH STRATEGY (PLAN) IN DATABASE
SEARCHES (3 marks)
Enter your planned search into two different databases of your choice (such as Medline and CINHAL) using
the skills you have learned in the library session, online library videos, and library workshops.
8. Place the screenshots/screengrabs/digital pictures of your two (2) database searchers here. Please
ensure your screenshots provide all steps of your search (see the example in Assessment one templet) and
are clear enough to be legible – these must be READABLE!!
Database search 1
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Add space as needed
Database search 2
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Add space as needed
9. Select a randomized controlled trial that can help you answer your PICO question and place the
abstract here. Please add this as a screenshot, do not retype this yourself. (The abstract must be readable)
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10. Choose a qualitative study that is relevant to your PICO from the list of provided articles in
Assessment 3 folder and places the abstract here. It is ok if your qualitative study does not exactly match
your PICO, but it should be relevant. Please add this as a screenshot, do not retype this yourself. (The
abstracts must be readable).
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PART 3.1 APPRAISAL OF YOUR RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL (Please consider the word
limit for each question, 13 marks )
Assessing the quality of the available evidence has also been a key focus this semester. Use the CASP tool
for RCTs below to appraise the quality of your selected RCT.
Section A: Are the results of the trial valid?
Screening Questions
1. Did the trial address a clearly focused issue?
√Yes No Can’t tell
Justify your answer: (Max 50 words)
The trial is clearly focused because of several reasons. First of all, in consideration to the population
which will take place in this trial (children), it is a population which mostly affected by this problem of cold
symptoms and hence the research carry is expected to bear positive results. In consideration of the
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Randomised Controlled Trial
Appraisal Tool

EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH 12
intervention which has been proposed (Zinc Lozenges), this is a remedy under research and hence the
researcher will easily access supportive materials for the research.
2. Was the assignment of patients to treatments randomized? (Max 50 Words)
√Yes No Can’t tell
Justify your answer:
To obtain the sample of the children to participate in the trial, no specific procedure was used to
gather them from the large population (children in several regions). Instead, the sample size was picked just
randomly from the entire population. Also, there was no allocation sequence followed and that meant that all
children stood an equal chance of being selected.
3. Were all of the patients who entered the trial properly accounted for at its conclusion? (Max 50
words)
√Yes No Can’t tell
Justify your answer:
Generally, all the children who entered the trial process were properly accounted for at its conclusion
because of two reasons. First, the trial was given enough time to ensure that it has been administered to all
the selected children in the trial in an equal measure. Secondly, all the children in the trial were fully
analyzed within the scope of groups to which they had been randomized.
4. Were patients, health workers, and study personnel ‘blind’ to treatment? (Max 50 words)
Yes √No Can’t tell
Justify your answer:
The RCT was undertaken in an open manner where most of the children had a hint of the Zinc
Lozenges. In consideration to the health workers, although the case study has presented them to be a little bit
unfamiliar with the Zinc Lozenges treatment, it does not completely present them as unfamiliar. That’s an
indication that the trial proceeded in an open manner because both parties had hint on the Zinc Lozenges
treatment before engaging in the RCT.
5. Were the groups similar at the start of the trial? (Max 50 words)
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