Exercise Science 1 - Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis

This assignment delves into the multifaceted aspects of heart disease, addressing key symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath, and the impact of these on individuals. It explores the significance of stress testing in assessing heart function, emphasizing the role of physical examinations and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines in identifying valid candidates. Furthermore, the assignment examines cardiac rehabilitation as a crucial treatment for cardiovascular disorders, highlighting its role in reducing mortality and morbidity. The impact of exercise on heart failure is also discussed, acknowledging its limitations in providing a complete solution. This assignment is a comprehensive analysis of heart disease, providing insights into diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies.

EXERCISE SCIENCE 0
Heart Disease

EXERCISE SCIENCE 1
Table of Contents
Question 1...................................................................................................................................................2
Question 2...................................................................................................................................................2
Question 3...................................................................................................................................................3
Question 4...................................................................................................................................................3
References...................................................................................................................................................5

EXERCISE SCIENCE 2
Question 1
Heart disease is a kind of health problem faced by the consumers and there are
numerous signs or symptoms of heart disease which are given below:
 Chest pain
 Shortness of breath
 Pain, weakness in the legs and arms of the individuals
 Pain in the neck and upper abdomen
 Slow heartbeat
 Chest discomfort
It is identified that chest pain or discomfort is a very common symptom of heart disease
and most of the consumers were suffered from heart disorder because of chest pain and
shortness of breath in the last few years. A recent study obtained that because of the
improper flow of blood in the body parts including arms and legs the individuals may face
weakness and coldness that can lead heart-related problems in the body (Yusuf,
2012). Some consumers have nausea, heartburn, and pain in the neck which may produce
heart-related disorders in the human body and it is observed that women are more likely
to report such kinds of signs and symptoms of heart disease as compared with men in
worldwide (Ambrosy, et al., 2013). Therefore, it is very important for patients to take
proper care and practices provided by the health care providers and nurses.
Question 2
It is identified that stressing test is an effective approach that has the ability to find
how the heart of a patient works during physical stress. In order to identify a valid or
invalid candidate for stress testing s physical examination process is involved that has the
potential to find the better results for the stress testing (American College of Sports
Medicine, 2013). A recent study examined that the physical examination should involve in
the stressing test as a screening process and it includes comments of the maximal heart
rate and level of exercise achieved.

EXERCISE SCIENCE 3
Such kind of process enables the doctors and health care providers to examine a
valid or invalid candidate for the stressing test without imaging. ACSM provided numbers
of facts and guidance for obtaining the valid candidates for the stressing testing. It is
examined that ACSM does not recommend stress testing for healthy consumers who are
not planning vigorous exercise and suffer from any signs of stress. Therefore, it is stated
that with the help of ACSM guidelines and examination test can help for finding the valid
and invalid candidates for the stress testing process and help doctors for providing better
resolutions to the patients.
Question 3
The term cardiac rehabilitation is mainly utilized as a treatment process for patients
suffering from cardiovascular disorder. It is identified that the major aim of cardiac
rehabilitation is to control and reduce the risk of cardiac mortality and morbidity (Heran,
et al., 2011). It is observed that CVD is a multifactorial disorder and morbidity is a major
risk factor which impacts on the health of the consumers. It is observed that mobility
restriction was mainly imposed on consumers with acute coronary actions that leading
serious health infections and also enhance the risks of mortality and morbidity.
It is very important for consumers to control and manage the risks of mortality and
morbidity as consumers may suffer from cardiovascular disorders. A recent study stated
that cardiac rehabilitation has been proven to secure and reliable in enhancing
cardiovascular consumer’s life quality and decreasing the rate of mortality and morbidity
(Shafiq, et al., 2016). Cardiac rehabilitation effect on cardiovascular morbidity, mortality
and quality of life and also leads to serious issues in the individuals. More than 50% of the
individuals were suffered from cardiovascular disorders and serious causes on the
consumer’s life.
Question 4
It is observed that exercise play a significant character in the reduction of health-
related issues including obesity, diabetes and so on. Heart failure is a common problem
which is growing rapidly and exercise can help the consumers to reduce such issues but it

EXERCISE SCIENCE 4
is limited because it does not provide proper treatment to the patients. A recent study
examined that the inability to perform exercise-related activities without discomfort can be
the common symptom of heart failure which is also often the principal reason for seeking
medical care (Uddin, et al., 2016).
Therefore, it is stated that exercise is inextricably associated with the diagnosis of
heart failure but it is not able to reduce heart failure issues in an effective manner.
Intolerance is a key factor associated with the exercise which impacts on the health of the
individuals and does not help for reducing the issue of heart failure. According to the world
health organization, if any consumer is suffering from heart failure then, he/she may
require to avoid few exercises based on the health because exercise can impact on the
patient's health in a negative manner. Therefore, it is stated that exercise is limited to heart
failure patients.

EXERCISE SCIENCE 5
References
Ambrosy, A. P., Pang, P. S., Khan, S., Konstam, M. A., Fonarow, G. C., Traver, B., ... & Grinfeld,
L. (2013). Clinical course and predictive value of congestion during hospitalization
in patients admitted for worsening signs and symptoms of heart failure with
reduced ejection fraction: findings from the EVEREST trial. European heart
journal, 34(11), 835-843.
American College of Sports Medicine (Ed.). (2013). ACSM's health-related physical fitness
assessment manual. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Heran, B. S., Chen, J. M., Ebrahim, S., Moxham, T., Oldridge, N., Rees, K., ... & Taylor, R. S.
(2011). Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane
database of systematic reviews, (7).
Shafiq, A., Brawner, C. A., Aldred, H. A., Lewis, B., Williams, C. T., Tita, C., ... & Lanfear, D. E.
(2016). Prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in heart failure with
preserved ejection fraction. The Henry Ford HospITal CardioPulmonary Exercise
Testing (FIT-CPX) project. American heart journal, 174, 167-172.
Uddin, J., Zwisler, A. D., Lewinter, C., Moniruzzaman, M., Lund, K., Tang, L. H., & Taylor, R. S.
(2016). Predictors of exercise capacity following exercise-based rehabilitation in
patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure: A meta-regression
analysis. European journal of preventive cardiology, 23(7), 683-693.
Yusuf, H. (2012). Purification of the Heart: Signs, symptoms and cures of the spiritual diseases
of the heart. eBooks2go.