Annotated Bibliography on Facebook's Financial Issues: MGT502

This annotated bibliography examines the financial challenges faced by Facebook, drawing on ten articles that explore various aspects of the company's struggles. The articles cover topics such as debt experience, debt literacy, the impact of news feed algorithms, self-branding issues, crisis communication, IPO pricing, emotional responses to advertisements, online campaigning, and cybersecurity breaches. The analysis reveals how factors like debt, lack of financial literacy, and negative publicity have affected Facebook's brand image and financial stability. The bibliography highlights the company's efforts to overcome these issues, including improvements in debt learning practices and attempts to reassure investors. It also touches upon the impact of financial pressures on employee morale and the need for effective crisis communication and cybersecurity measures. The bibliography provides a comprehensive overview of the financial difficulties Facebook has encountered and the strategies employed to address them, offering valuable insights into the complexities of managing a major social media platform in a challenging financial environment.

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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Article 1- Cwynar, A., Cwynar, W., & Filipek, K. (2018). Debt Experience of Facebook Users
in Poland. A Conceptual Model and Empirical Test. Polish Sociological Review, (202),
243-264. (DOI:10.26412/psr202.06)
Overview of Authors and Intended Audiences
The different authors of the article have completed their masters from Lublin and they
have been successful in understanding the financial crisis and issues faced by Facebook. In the
article, the intended audiences include the different individuals from various fields who have
been the users of Facebook.
Comparison and Contrasting of Work Regarding Financial Issues of Facebook
In the respective article, the main aspect which has been analyzed is related to the
different kinds of social and macroeconomic tensions. There is a debt experience faced by
Facebook wherein the company has been borrowed different borrowings from different people
which can be impacting the reputation of the company as a whole. On other hand, as commented
by Cwynar et al. (2020), it can be seen that in the current scenario, Facebook has been debt free
through the usage of the Structural Equations Model which helped them in improving their brand
image successfully. There were different issues of Facebook in the financial front that included
the diverse factors which led to the hampering of the brand image.
Article 2- Cwynar, A., Cwynar, W., Kowerski, M., Filipek, K., & Szuba, P. (2020). Debt literacy
and debt advice-seeking behaviour among Facebook users: the role of social
networks. Baltic Journal of Economics, 20(1), 1-33. (doi-
https://doi.org/10.1080/1406099X.2019.1693142)

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Overview and Background of Author and Intended Audiences
In the article, the authors have studied and completed their education from USA and they
have the capability in taking the audiences from various fields such as social media analytics and
so on.
Analysis of Issues Described in Article related to Debt Literacy
In the respective article, the main approach that has been discussed by the author is
related to the fact that the Facebook has suffered tremendous amount of debt in the past that has
impacted the growth of the company. The study has been capable of examining the fact that there
was lack of financial literacy among the employees which was related to the debt advice seeking
behavior of the different users of Facebook that created pressure on the company as a whole.
Overcoming the Financial Issues
In such scenario, Facebook tried to improve their condition by learning and earning the
different training in the debt learning practices which helped them in overcoming as well as
recovering from the situation successfully as well. Therefore, the professional advancement and
advice are highly essential which will be capable of delivering the successful outcomes for
improving their growth and patterns of handling the different issues in a successful manner as
well.
Article 3- DeVito, M. A. (2017). From editors to algorithms: A values-based approach to
understanding story selection in the Facebook news feed. Digital Journalism, 5(6),
753-773. (DOI- http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1178592.)
Overview and Intended Audiences

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The respective author of the article has completed his education from USA and the main
aspect which has been discussed in the article is related to the fact that the news feed in the
Facebook is highly emerging in the market. In the respective article, the intended audiences are
the ones who are the banking professionals.
Analysis of the Value Based Approach Regarding Financial Issues Faced by Facebook
It is considered to be the influential force in the personal information flows especially in
the cases wherein the news related information are concerned. In such scenario, in the digital
technological advancement era, the main approach which has been noticed is related to the fact
that Facebook is under huge pressure for monetizing more of the products. It means packing
more advertisements in Instagram.
Impact of Financial Issues on Brand Image of Facebook
These are causing financial pressure on Facebook and it is affecting the trust factor
among the individuals in trusting Facebook especially the different investors. From the article,
Facebook has been trying hard in reassuring the investors that they are innovating their processes
wherein Facebook can be continuing innovating their core business of advertising successfully.
Article 4- Duffy, B. E., & Pooley, J. D. (2017). “Facebook for academics”: the convergence of
self-branding and social media logic on Academia. edu. Social media+ society, 3(1),
2056305117696523. (doi- 10.1111/1468-5973.12116)
Issues of Self-Branding and Convergence to Social media logic of Facebook
In the current scenario, the main aspect which has been noticed is related to the fact that
the different social media channels such as Facebook are facing different financial crunches that

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are impacting their efficiency negatively. They are experiencing the parallel pressure for
engaging in the different self-promotional activities and practices as the universities are
becoming progressively market driven in nature. There are different lack of social affordances
which is creating different kinds of problems which are impacting the confidence of the
Facebook negatively.
Overcoming Financial Crisis and Issues
In case of Facebook, the different kinds of issues impact the profitability and impacting
the financial strength of the company. Lastly, the mainstream social networks can be creating
economic crisis as there are different issues related to the reinforcement of the culture that has
been impacting the culture and generating bad headlines on Facebook which can be improved
with the help of their own working on the different kinds of other elements such as generating
information which are necessary.
Article 5- Eriksson, M., & Olsson, E. K. (2016). Facebook and Twitter in crisis
communication: A comparative study of crisis communication professionals and
citizens. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 24(4), 198-208. (DOI:
10.1111/1468-5973.12116)
Issues Explanation
In the article, the authors are based in Sweden and completed their education from there
itself and the main target audiences include the different professionals as well as investors in
making them understand the entire scenario in a successful manner. The authors have been
capable of making the audiences understand that there is decline in the trust in the tech which has
affected the trust factor among the individuals from Facebook. There are various contingencies

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wherein there is no such congruence and there is no consistency between two different groups.
Social media have become the vital crisis communication tools which are capable of creating
new possibilities for the different governmental organizations as well as citizens.
Analysis of Solutions
In addition, the article has been analyzing the social media communication crisis which
created bad headlines for Facebook and the parade of horrible hardly bears repeating wherein the
financial loss was the main factor as there were divisive messages and other discouragement
regarding voting.
Article 6- Krigman, L., & Jeffus, W. (2016). IPO pricing as a function of your investment
banks' past mistakes: The case of Facebook. Journal of Corporate Finance, 38, 335-
344. (DOI- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2016.02.003)
Analysis and Description of the Article
In the article, the main aspect which has been noticed is related to the fact that in the year
2012, Facebook was capable of handling the initial public offering wherein they were capable of
raising more than $16 billion making the largest IPOs in the history. In the current scenario, it
has been noticed that the IPO related to Facebook was not only disappointing, however, it was
being noticed that it caused different widespread consequences which impacted the performance
and brand image of Facebook drastically.
Analysis of Financial Crunch and Issues of Facebook
In addition, the common blame which was being noticed was related to the fact that there
were risk aversion among the different investors which created high inefficiencies in the

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different services which were offered by Facebook to them. It has been argued by the other
authors that the investment bank loyalty decreased and it increased the under pricing which
compensated for the different perceived losses on Facebook.
Article 7- Mogaji, E. (2016). This advert makes me cry: Disclosure of emotional response to
advertisement on Facebook. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1177906. (doi-
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2016.1177906)
Analysis of Financial Issues and Disclosure of Emotional Response
The authors of the article has been highly involved in understanding the emotional
response to the different advertisements on Facebook wherein the main aspect is related to the
fact that social media is transforming how the consumers try to interact with the different brands
and the brand related content is being consumed. In such scenario, the main approach that has
been disclosed is relating to the fact that there are different decline in the trust among different
employees regarding the Facebook advertisement which impacts the performance of the
company as a whole.
Analysis of Solutions
In such scenario, the main approach which has been noticed and handled the fact that the
model that it will be impacting the performance of the company and growth as a whole. In such
kind of scenario, the main attribute which is needed to be noticed is the fact that Facebook
creates high emotional distress wherein Facebook is unfairly compromising the well-being of the
different individuals negatively.

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Article 8- Stier, S., Bleier, A., Lietz, H., & Strohmaier, M. (2018). Election campaigning on
social media: Politicians, audiences, and the mediation of political communication on
Facebook and Twitter. Political communication, 35(1), 50-74.
(https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2017.1334728)
Issues Discussed
In the article, the authors have been capable of providing the considerable kind of
approach on the online campaigning which requires high financial support. In case of Facebook,
there are different bad headlines along with governance troubles that are creating high level of
pressure on the growth patterns of the company. With more negative reports which are being
published, it has been noticed that the employee morale at Facebook are hitting the new lows
which are delivering inefficiencies in the entire performance of the company and delivering the
low inefficiencies in managing the tasks in a successful manner.
Solving the Financial Issues of Facebook
Due to the political pressure along with other mediation of the political communication,
the Facebook has been in the bad books wherein they are not capable and able to develop the
proper effectiveness in managing their own efficiency in the competitive market. Lastly, the
CEO of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg has been capable of understanding the issue and developed
effectiveness in managing the situation simultaneously with the support from investors and
employees.
Article 9- Terlizzi, M. A., Meirelles, F. D. S., & Viegas Cortez da Cunha, M. A. (2017).
Behavior of Brazilian banks employees on Facebook and the cybersecurity

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governance. Journal of Applied Security Research, 12(2), 224-252. (DOI:
10.1080/19361610.2017.1277886)
Analysis of Financial Security breach Issues of Facebook
The different authors in the article have tried to understand the behavior of the Brazilian
banks and their employees regarding the cyber security issues in the social media platforms such
as Facebook. In the respective article, the main approach which has been noticed that there are
different cyber securities issues which have impacted the performance of Facebook in a negative
manner. The main intended audiences for the respective article include the different Brazilian
Bank employees who have the capability in understanding the cyber security issues. The
financial service industry has been the major victim of the sophisticated cyber attacks which take
advantage of the vulnerabilities.
Solutions
In addition, the article discusses the cyber security financial insecurities which are faced
by Facebook in managing their effectiveness. In the social media era, the main problem is the
cyber security impacts wherein the different individuals can gain access to the sensitive data
which impacts the growth of the social media platforms negatively.
Article 10- Utz, S., & Maaß, C. H. (2018). Understanding the relationship between Facebook
use and adaptation to financial hardship: Evidence from a longitudinal panel
study. Computers in human behavior, 89, 221-229. (doi-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.021)
Analysis of the Issues of Financial Hardship of Facebook

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Analysis and Identification of Issues
The article talks regarding the issues related to the understanding of the relationship
between the use of the Facebook as well as the financial hardship. With the usage of the
multilevel models, it is appropriate in examining the process of recovery in a proper manner. The
prior longitudinal studies have been successful in creating different kinds of aspects which is
related to the fact that users of Facebook have differentiated from non-users which can be
impacting performance of the companies as a whole.
Solutions
The uses of the Facebook have become the daily routine for the different individuals and
it has been wondering how Facebook use the affects life-satisfaction that is beneficial in
improving the process and adaption to the financial hardship. It has been noticed that the
understanding of the relationship is the key element that is affecting the growth of the Facebook
usage positively that will be appropriate for generating revenues and profitability.

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References
Cwynar, A., Cwynar, W., & Filipek, K. (2018). Debt Experience of Facebook Users in Poland. A
Conceptual Model and Empirical Test. Polish Sociological Review, (202), 243-264.
(DOI:10.26412/psr202.06)
Cwynar, A., Cwynar, W., Kowerski, M., Filipek, K., & Szuba, P. (2020). Debt literacy and debt
advice-seeking behaviour among Facebook users: the role of social networks. Baltic
Journal of Economics, 20(1), 1-33. (doi-
https://doi.org/10.1080/1406099X.2019.1693142)
DeVito, M. A. (2017). From editors to algorithms: A values-based approach to understanding
story selection in the Facebook news feed. Digital Journalism, 5(6), 753-773. (DOI-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1178592.)
Duffy, B. E., & Pooley, J. D. (2017). “Facebook for academics”: the convergence of self-
branding and social media logic on Academia. edu. Social media+ society, 3(1),
2056305117696523. (doi- 10.1111/1468-5973.12116)
Eriksson, M., & Olsson, E. K. (2016). Facebook and Twitter in crisis communication: A
comparative study of crisis communication professionals and citizens. Journal of
Contingencies and Crisis Management, 24(4), 198-208. (DOI: 10.1111/1468-
5973.12116)
Krigman, L., & Jeffus, W. (2016). IPO pricing as a function of your investment banks' past
mistakes: The case of Facebook. Journal of Corporate Finance, 38, 335-344. (DOI-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2016.02.003)

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Mogaji, E. (2016). This advert makes me cry: Disclosure of emotional response to advertisement
on Facebook. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1177906. (doi-
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2016.1177906)
Stier, S., Bleier, A., Lietz, H., & Strohmaier, M. (2018). Election campaigning on social media:
Politicians, audiences, and the mediation of political communication on Facebook and
Twitter. Political communication, 35(1), 50-74.
(https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2017.1334728)
Terlizzi, M. A., Meirelles, F. D. S., & Viegas Cortez da Cunha, M. A. (2017). Behavior of
Brazilian banks employees on Facebook and the cybersecurity governance. Journal of
Applied Security Research, 12(2), 224-252. (DOI: 10.1080/19361610.2017.1277886)
Utz, S., & Maaß, C. H. (2018). Understanding the relationship between Facebook use and
adaptation to financial hardship: Evidence from a longitudinal panel study. Computers in
human behavior, 89, 221-229. (doi- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.021)