Body Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography on Fat Bodies

This assignment presents an annotated bibliography focusing on the topic of "Fat bodies and obesity prevention." It includes annotations of five different articles, each summarizing the article's content, evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, and reflecting on its implications. The articles cover various aspects of obesity, including prevention strategies, public health approaches, stigma, the impact of the food environment, and the role of societal factors. The bibliography concludes that obesity is a complex issue resulting from an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure, influenced by societal and environmental changes, and requiring supportive policies across multiple sectors.

Body culture and society

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
Annotation of article 1............................................................................................................3
Annotation of article 2............................................................................................................3
Annotation of article 3............................................................................................................4
Annotation of article 4............................................................................................................4
Annotation of article 5............................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
The culture can give an essential social as well as an economic benefits. With an
enhanced learning and well-being, enhanced tolerance as well as the opportunities to come
together with others, culture can improve the quality of life as well as enhances whole health
for both person and communities as well (Dwivedi et. al., 2020). In this, the culture can aid
build social capital, the glue which can hold the communities collaboratively. In the report, it
will include an annotated bibliography of about five different articles about the chosen topic
which is “Fat bodies and obesity prevention”.
Annotation of article 1.
How to Prevent Obesity in Kids and Adults, 2018 [Online] Available through:
https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-prevent-obesity
Summary: Within the chosen article , obesity is generally a common well-being problem
which is described by having an elevated percentage of the fats within body. In this, the one
having body mass index of 30 or more than that is indicator that person may be obese. In
addition to this, the prevention of obesity generally begins at very young age.
Evaluation: It is evaluated that it is essential to aware the young people for maintaining a
healthy weight. To avoid obesity, it is highly recommended to take balanced diet and be
physically fit. This basically demonstrate the role of effective eating and exercise in
preventing the obesity. In addition to this, it can enhance the risk for multiple severe well-
being consequences.
Reflection: It is analysed that having an excess fat within the body can put strain on the bones
as well as organs. It also can cause complex alterations in the hormones as well as the
metabolism and can enhances the inflammation within the human body. Having obesity
within the human body can enhances various other risk factors such as cardiovascular illness,
stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure levels, live illness and many more.
Annotation of article 2
Prevention of Overweight and Obesity: How Effective is the Current Public Health
Approach, 2010 [Online] Available through:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2872299/
Summary: In the article, it is concluded that the obesity is generally a public well-being issue
which has become prevalent across world. In this, sustainable study has generally emerged to
express that overweight as well as obesity are generally major causes of co-morbidities,
consisting diabetes type II, the cardiovascular illness, multiple cancer as well as other well-
being issues, which can also lead to risk of mortality and morbidity. The associated well-

being care cost are also significant. However, a population centric approach to improve a
geographic-based care plans for the avoidance of additional weight enhancement is generally
of great necessity.
Evaluation: It is evaluated that the aetiology of the obesity is generally a multifactorial,
consisting the complex interactions among the genetic background, hormones as well as
different social and environmental components like sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary
habits.
Reflection: It is analysed that the severe dietary alteration involves an elevated energy density
diet with an enhanced role for fat as well as additional sugars in foods, enhanced intake of
saturated fat, lack of intake of more complex carbohydrates and the dietary fiber as well as
reduced the intake of vegetables and fruits as well.
Annotation of article 3
Obesity Stigma: Important Considerations for Public Health, 2010 [Online] Available
through: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866597/
Summary: As per the chosen article, it is concluded that the discrimination and stigma to a
person who is overweight is generally pervasive as well as can pose multiple consequences
for their physical as well as psychological well-being.
Evaluation: Despite of several years documenting the weight stigma, it is a public well-being
implication that are broadly ignored.
Reflection: It is analysed that person who can fall under obese category are specifically
criticised for there over weight , with having a common perception during which the weight
blaming is quite justifiable as well as can motivate numerous people to effectively adopt the
healthier behaviour as well.
Annotation of article 4
Potential impact of gradual reduction of fat content in manufactured and out-of-home food on
obesity in the United Kingdom: a modeling study, 2021 [Online] Available through:
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/113/5/1312/6156603?login=false
Summary: As per the chosen article, it is concluded that the alterations within the food
generally have been driving the recent universal obesity epidemics. Though the energy dense
foods are generally heavy promoted as well as broadly available, mainly leading to an
extravagant energy intake as well as cause overweight. There are limited amount of
programs or laws to direct manufactures as well as the restaurants to effectively overcome the
density of food energy.

Evaluation: It is evaluated that the overweight and obesity are generally due to various
components mainly ranging from the psychological and genetic to the social as well as
environmental ones, the food environment as well as in peculiar.
Reflection: It is analysed that the specific nutritional quality of the food supply can play an
essential role in their onset. Many of the public has negatively altered their eating habits by
relying more frequently on eating outside than the home cooked foods as well as also depend
on the components which needs less or no preparation as well.
Annotation of article 5
Health matters: obesity and the food environment, 2017 [Online] Available through:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-obesity-and-the-food-
environment/health-matters-obesity-and-the-food-environment--2
Summary: From the chosen article, it is critically reviewed that within a year 2015, there is an
estimation of about 39 million of the children who are below the age group of 5 years are fall
under the obese category.
Evaluation: It is evaluated that once considered in a high-income country issue, the obesity
and overweight are generally now on the enhancement among the low as well as middle
income countries more specifically within the urban sectors.
Reflection: It is analysed that both obesity and overweight are basically associated with more
numbers of death across the nation than the underweight people.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it is concluded that the specific cause or reason of having
overweight and obesity among people and children is an imbalance of energy among the
calories taken as well as expended. In this, the alterations within the dietary as well as
physical patterns of the specific activities are more frequently an outcome of both societal as
well as an environmental alteration which are linked with the development as well as lack of
the supportive policies within the sectors like agriculture, well-being, transport, environment,
distribution, food production and education as well.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Dwivedi, A.K., Dubey, P., Cistola, D.P. and Reddy, S.Y., 2020. Association between obesity
and cardiovascular outcomes: updated evidence from meta-analysis studies. Current
Cardiology Reports, 22(4), pp.1-19.
Stephens, R.W., Arhire, L. and Covasa, M., 2018. Gut microbiota: from microorganisms to
metabolic organ influencing obesity. Obesity, 26(5), pp.801-809.