Analysis of Federal Acquisition: Contract Pricing and Negotiations

This report provides an overview of the federal acquisition process, which involves acquiring services, commodities, and goods through contracts. It emphasizes the importance of market research, acquisition planning, solicitation, negotiation, contract award, administration, and closeout. The process begins with thorough market research to gather information on trends, products, and pricing. Planning ensures that the federation's needs are met efficiently, with a focus on competition and commercial goods. Solicitation involves preparing and issuing solicitations to qualified offer providers. After evaluation, the contract is awarded, followed by post-award debriefing. Finally, the contract is closed out after meeting all terms and conditions, settling disputes, and making final payments. The report also references the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and provides a bibliography.

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Contract Pricing and negotiations
Federal acquisition is the process of acquiring services, commodities and goods using
appropriate amount of fund by contract. It helps in satisfying the needs of the customer in terms
of various factors like cost, quality and appropriateness. It also tries to minimize the operating
cost of administration; helps in conducting business with veracity, equality and impartiality; and
fulfills the other objectives of public policy. For having a planned federal acquisition four facets
must be taken into care. These are market research; acquisitions, planning, solicitation and
negotiation; award and administration; and close out.
For having any federal acquisition, first of all a complete detailed research about the
market is required along with its recent trends. It is required to collect all preliminary data and
information important for the acquisition. It includes development of documents for new
requirements; solicit of offers over other threshold of simplified acquisition; and when proper
information is not present and cost is reasonable then solicit of offers under the other simplified
acquisitions. It is the basic foundation to have an effective building of business plan by gathering
appropriate information. Depending on the acquisition type, like it is business or real estate,
market research can help contractors in making the decision based upon the necessary
information collected. The contractors must find the necessary information required to predict
the requirements for acquisitions. The market research can give contractors detailed information
on suitable goods, services, product, commodities and industry, continuing system and
technology that are required. The overall aim and objective of the research in the acquisitions is
for determining the best way to acquire, distribute and support services and supplies. A thorough
and overall market research will give required information like capable sources, commercial

practices, competition in market forces, laws and regulations, trending products, information
about price, support capabilities (Manuel, February 3, 2015 ).
After research about market has been completed, and the information has been clearly
understood, it’s necessary that proper documentations are available for all the findings. For easy
and convenient incorporation in the report of research all the records of agency, source list and
information about market must be available.
After this now needed is proper planning. The basic reason of planning for acquisitions is
to make sure that the needs of the federation must be met in quite effective, proper, economical
and appropriate manner. These objectives must be achieved by having focus on the competition
and the procurement of non-developmental goods and commercial goods. The main objective of
solicitation is preparation and issuing of a solicitation to make sure that all the qualified offer
providers must be given the proper opportunity to have competition for the contract. This phase
of the process for contract consists of preparation for soliciting; publication of the properly
planned procurement; having amendments, as required; communication with the offer providers,
as necessary; and to receive offer. Solicitation is used for having negotiable acquisitions for
communicating the requirements to respective contractors and to have solicitation of the
proposal. Up to a minimum level, solicitation must describe the requirement of the federation,
their anticipated rules and terms and conditions which can be applied to the contract, necessary
information required for the proposal of the offer, and for having a competitive acquisition the
process that is to be used for evaluation of the proposal and its relative importance.
After the proper planning the contract is officially awarded to the contractor. Before
awarding the contract a notification is written to notify the ones whose proposals are no longer in
the range. The synopses must be made to increase the competition level. After completion of the

final evaluation the contract is awarded to the successful one. After which a proper debriefing is
held called as post award debriefing.
When the whole process is completed and when a contract has met all its terms and
conditions and all the actions related to administration has been completed, all disputes have
been settled down and the final payment has also been made then occurs the close out of the
contract. This includes all those actions related to administration that is required contractually
like as security, property, royalties and patents. It includes various steps that are necessary for
closure of the contract like issuing of statement showing completion of the contract, having
clearance regarding all the patents and royalty reports, settlement of all disallowed costs,
completion of audit of the contract, ensuring receipt of closing statement of contractor, and de
obligation of all the excess funds (Manuel, February 3, 2015 ).

Bibliography
Manuel, K. M. (February 3, 2015 ). The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR):. 33.
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