Sociological Study: Female-on-Male Domestic Abuse and Public Services

This report presents a qualitative study on female-on-male domestic abuse, examining the factors contributing to this often-overlooked issue. The study explores the societal context, impact, and consequences of such abuse, highlighting the need for increased public awareness and support services. The research methodology involved a questionnaire-based survey of 50 respondents, and the findings suggest that financial issues, unemployment, and childcare responsibilities are significant factors in abusive relationships. The report further analyzes the consequences for both male and female partners, and provides recommendations for improved public services, awareness programs, and healthcare access to address the issue of domestic violence against men. The study emphasizes that the issue of domestic violence against men should not be neglected and there is a need for equal services to the male victims of abuse.

Female-on-male domestic
abuse

ABSTRACT
Domestic violence against women is quite common but when it comes to men, views of
society differs to a great extent. It is because of dominating nature of men in the society and their
aggression towards the women. Owing to this, issue related to violence against male is neglected
and they are provided less public services in comparison to women. There are several studies
reflect that women and men are about equally contributing towards initiate domestic violence on
almost similar causes. However outcome of such kind activities might be severe for any of the
parties and accordingly create disturbance in entire family.
The study aims to analyze the scenario of female-on-male domestic abuse in context of
public services and society. In this regard, factors affecting or contributing towards such kind of
violence against men by women have been presented by referring varied studies. Along with that
consequences of such kind of issues have also been disseminated.
The study is based on qualitative type of investigation under which social media as
effective tool has been applied for collection of primary data. For this purpose, questionnaire
method has been adopted through which respondents provide their response and accordingly 50
people will be considered as the sample.
The findings shows that financial aspects, unemployment, care of children are some of
the important aspects which tends to from the abusive relationship. In addition to this, proper
public services should be provided for the protection. Moreover, awareness programs should be
there along with easy access to health care services.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: Introduction..............................................................................................................5
1.1 Background............................................................................................................................5
1.2 Rationale of the study............................................................................................................6
1.3 Research aim and objectives..................................................................................................6
1.4 Structure of the study.............................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................8
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................8
2.2 The reason behind domestic violence against male ..............................................................8
2.3 Publicly available services for male victim.........................................................................11
2.4 The consequences of domestic violence..............................................................................12
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................15
3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................15
3.2 Type of investigation...........................................................................................................15
3.3 Research design...................................................................................................................15
3.4 Research approach...............................................................................................................16
3.5 Research philosophy............................................................................................................16
3.6 Sampling design...................................................................................................................17
3.7 Data collection.....................................................................................................................18
3.8 Data analysis .......................................................................................................................18
3.9 Research limitations.............................................................................................................19
3.9 Ethical consideration ...........................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................21
4.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................21
4.2 Thematic analysis................................................................................................................21
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND CONCLUSION..................................................................35
5.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................35
5.2 Recommendations................................................................................................................36
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................39
APPENDIX:QUESTIONNAIRE..................................................................................................41

ACKNOWLEDGE
The completion of entire report without taking help of anybody is quite typical task. I got
the immense support from my mentor and colleagues in the process of data collection and
analysis. Hence, I would like to impart my sincere thank for their great support. Furthermore, I
would also extend my sincere thank to friend of mine who helped me in completing the entire
study and methodology section.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Domestic violence against men is experienced by boys or men in an intimate relationship
such as dating, cohabitation and marriage etc. On the other hand, women who suffer from
domestic violence are encouraged to report of the same to their respective authorities. However,
men suffer many issues while doing the same as they need to prove it with lot of efforts along
with evidence. It is has been heard that violence between men and women is very common into
domestic relationship. Most of the studies reveal that men are more violent than women but there
are some areas where women behave in a more aggressive manner with their partners. It can be
in several ways under which women are likely to be killed by their former or current partners due
to severe injury. Furthermore, majority of the cases reflect that women do kill their partners
during the phase of domestic violence (Wilson and Jasinski, 2004). This kind of domestic
violence covers emotional or psychological abuse, sexual and physical violence.
There are several studies reflect that women and men are about equally contributing
towards initiate domestic violence on almost similar causes. However outcome of such kind
activities might be severe for any of the parties and accordingly create disturbance in entire
family (Men and domestic violence: what research tells us, 2017). Also, it has become personal
problem rather issue related to society. However, it is highly ignored by the society due to
several unveil issue of abuse related to women. It is considered that normally in every society
men are more dominating and stronger gender who usually not allow female to dominate.
Another fact is that male victims generally do not freely admit that are being violated from the
female side (Swan and et. al., 2008). It is the major reason they do not go for professional
assistance. At the same time, information societal control too affect such kind of practices where
it take time to get that male is abused by female.
At this juncture, it is important to shed light on point of view of nursing, policy and
society so that appropriate action can be taken against such kind of practices. However, pre-
defined belief that male are more aggressive, sometimes becomes typical as they cannot go to
report for the abuse. It is because in-depth inquiry leads to get them a label of aggressor even in
case of domestic violence against men (Domestic violence against men, 2017).

1.2 Rationale of the study
Domestic violence is prevalent in a general community and it is affecting all individual
in term of socioeconomic status, age and sexual orientation. Along with that, race, religion and
nationality are also covered. Generally lack of understanding become the common reason and
accordingly individual or partners face issue in living together. It is the main reason that physical
violence also take place along with emotionally abusive and controlling behavior as part of a
systematic pattern of control and dominance. It is very important to conduct research in this areas
and find out potential causes behind the same so that appropriate action can be taken to resolve
such kind of situations among partners. Furthermore, these kind of activities affect individual to
a great extent and they cannot leave their relationship due to several reasons.
The cases of physical or emotional abuse against men is increasing day by day which
create indiscipline into the society. This has direct impact on personal as well as professional life
of male partners and they cannot focus on their routine activities. Also, such kind of personal life
tend to increase stress level. Owing to this, current study is being conducted to find the reasons
behind domestic violence against men and potential ways to stop the same. It would be effective
to discover several factors and meet the requirement of all associated parties.
1.3 Research aim and objectives
The research aim and objectives of the study are stated as follows which shed light on
actual requirement of the study. This is helpful for scholar to access appropriate source of
information and accordingly draw valid outcome for the study-
Aim
To analyze the scenario of female-on-male domestic abuse in context of public services
and society
Objectives
 To identify the reasons behind domestic violence against men
 To examine the consequences of domestic violence against men for both partners; male
and female
 To recommend different ways to reduce domestic violence against men

1.4 Structure of the study
The structure of dissertation must be effective to present its findings and focus on results
of the same. For this purpose, appropriate structure of the dissertation is selected to present the
outcome effectively. The structure of current dissertation has been explained as follows- Chapter 1: Introduction- The chapter of introduction consists of information related to
topic under investigation. It broadly covers background, research aim and objectives,
rationale of the study etc so as that readers can clarify the scenario by referring even the
first chapter of the study. It proves detail overview behind the rationale of the study and
potential benefits of the same. Chapter 2: Literature review-The literature review section of the study is considered as
the most important chapter as it is completed by referring previous studies on the same
topic. This helps researcher to develop deep understanding of the study and adopt the
effective procedure for completion of the same bring valid outcome. It consists of major
portion of entire dissertation by dissemination of valid outcome regarding the selected
topic. Chapter 3: Research methodology-Third chapter of dissertation is of research
methodology under which all important information related to methods of data collection,
research design, philosophy and data collection as well as analysis are added. This
chapter is completed with detail discussion of methods and justification of the selected
one. Chapter 4: Data analysis-After the completion of research methodology section,
research moves to the next chapter as of data analysis. Under this, all collected data are
analyzed in the light of research aim and objectives. Furthermore, in-depth analysis is
done to reach the reach aim and present the findings in a more effective manner.
 Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendations-It is the last chapter of the dissertation
which provide the conclusive form in the line of research objective. This chapter is
summary of data analysis and literature review. Furthermore, suggestions art also covered
to meet the last objective of the study under which scholar propose ways to reduce the
domestic violence against male.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Literature review chapter provide detail overview about the selected topic as varied
previous studies are considered for the same. Here, sources like journals, books and online
articles are referred for collection of data. The current study also use varied source of
information in order to develop deep understanding of author and enable him to explore
appropriate source so as to produce valid outcome. However, researcher can effectively explore
the valid information in accordance with collected information. This proves to be the most
effective for researcher to extract valid outcome. In addition to this, literature review is done
with the help of framed research aim and objectives. This aids to construct appropriate themes
and accordingly complete the entire chapter of literature review. Moreover, this chapter also
includes that theoretical framework and models for exploring more information about the topic.
2.2 The reason behind domestic violence against male
As per the view of Bowyer, Swanston and Vetere (2015) over the past few years, there
has been a significant increase in the domestic violence carried out by females against their male
partners. Furthermore, the main problem associate here is that the assaults faced by men in terms
of domestic violence are completely ignored by police. According to the data published in the
Sun, it has been observed that more than 5500 girlfriends and wives has been convicted in terms
of carrying out domestic violence or assaulting their male partners. On the other side, the issue
has emerged as Taboo because majority of the male victims feels ashamed in context of taking
and sharing their experience about the domestic abuse and violence which they have faced. Most
of the time, biasness is carried out among men and women and this has also become a major
challenge which needs to be overcome. Has explained that most of time women thinks that they
have right to control their partners and for this purpose they often make use of practices such as
domestic violence and abuse. On the other side of this, has critically argued that the increasing
consumption of drugs and alcohol among women and this can be termed as another major cause
behind the domestic violence against male.
According Lichenstein and Johnson (2009)the dangerous pattern of behavior of women
should be understood at first in order to identify the cause behind such kind of issues. The first
one is violence prone behaviour women are actually the victim of their own aggression and

violence. At this juncture, they show all their aggression on male partners and pressurize them to
follow whatever they order for. This kind of practices affect their relationship to a great extent.
At this juncture, it is important to shed light on behavior of individual or female in a relationship
so that effectively its impact can be seen on relationship. It proves to be effective for individual
to focus upon having peaceful life. On the other hand, abused as child is another important fact
which shows that a person who is abused in the childhood will definitely behave in certain
manner. Such kind of circumstances do affect the human behavior to a great extent where they
need support from each other for managing the situation in a more effective manner.
In some of the relationship men consider the attack of female as funny or cute. It is
because they hit through things in some complicated situation which are generally considered as
the more common. It can be critically evaluated women with alcohol and drug make huge
difference and problem of conflicts between partners. Owing to this, such kind of situation is
resolved with the help of taking medication. Though, inappropriate situation tend to affect
human situation in a very bad manner. Apart from this, eating disorder among female also
become the potential reason behind their higher level of aggression and affect them in
completing all related task. Kracke and Hahn (2008) asserted that border line personality
disorder on the hand affect the relationship of individual. Here, women do not have idea
regarding their work and they are doing worst with their partners. It would affect their living
badly and accordingly they find issue in managing their personal life in a most appropriate
manner.
According to Walby and Allen (2004) other mental illness which consists of bipolar
disorder and malignant as well as attention deficit disorder have direct impact on the violent
behavior of an individual. Such kind of situation might prove very difficult for male partner to
tolerate the aggression of his own partner. This is because female partner who is suffering from
such kind of disease tend to behave in a very abnormal manner which become the potential
reason behind their higher level of dissatisfaction. This must need suitable solution for effective
bonding of both partners and ensuring well being of each other. Worcester (2002) further argued
that Psychopaths female partner is another potential reason behind increasing the domestic
violence against men. It can be understood with the help of three common indicators where men
is at risk from psychopathic partner in terms of paranoia, psychostimulants, and weapons. Here,

common factors of such kind of partners include pathological lying, grandiosity and short
attention span as well as manipulativeness etc. However, generally many of the women suffer
from the issue of emotional feelings. This in turn they seems that their partners are not
understanding their feelings and accordingly get dissatisfaction from the same. These kind of
situation make their relationship more critical and effect them. Though, emotional problem of
female partner forces them to opt abusive and violent behavior. In this situation domestic
violence occur with male partners and again they get in contact with depression and higher level
of tension.
According to Miller and Meloy (2006) there are many other forms of female aggression
include money and jealousy through which they hurt their male partner. Here, the first point of
money is considered under which it is observed that aggression level of women increased by
throwing things or hitting. Most of the time, there remain a common issue of money. Here, most
of the time, they feel scarcity of money and they start taking tension which then again reduces
their mental balance and affect their stable life in a very bad manner. It reflects that financial
stability matter a lot for better relationship of male and female. This is because when a person
find issue when he or she cannot manage the expenses and income effective for having better life
style. Generally female expect money from their partner to complete their routine activities. It
can be critically evaluated that, most of the female find their source of income at their own and
manage the same accordingly. Though, many of the times they do not get the good job and might
leave because of personal reason. Such kind of situations tend to disturb life of male partners and
other related affairs of their personal life.
On the other hand, jealousy on the hand, force women to attack on men in several
manner. For example, if a male partners is talking to another female for the purpose of business
and personal issues then it might make the women more aggressive. It is because they cannot
tolerate the excessive talking of male partner with another one. Such kind of situation tend to
affect their life to a great extent and make it more impossible for them manage the normal life in
an effectual manner. However, these kind of reasons are not identified by the society as they
considered as the most common.

2.3 Publicly available services for male victim
The study of Grady (2002) revealed that domestic violence is constructed socially as acts
done by female are generally ignored. He stated that crime which is taking place is society is
stereotype. It can be critically evaluated that legislation are framed on the basis of external
principles through which social belief is developed that crime is not social acceptable. However,
it is found that injury cause to both partners during the domestic violence but still the cases
reported for the abuse is less for men. It can be critically evaluated that they are suffered a lot
from abused relationship. Furthermore, Grady reported that female are getting advantages in
term of violence because of assumption of society that male always considered as dominant
partner. However, criminal system must initiate to adopt appropriate procedure in order to
protect the physical abuse among partners and support their peaceful life. Here, public services
such as police and social services are considered that how effectively they are contributing
towards securing right of an individual. However, crime is initiated on the basis of pressure
group, social idea and media where focus is laid on on the violence of male against female only.
Here, the fact remains non discovered which tend to affect life of people to a great extent. It is
the major reason that crime is increasing and male face issue in getting the advantage of public
services effectively.
At this juncture, people should be supported with the regulations and appropriate public
services. However, they face issue related to providing evidence of the fact in order to promote
their better life. For this purpose, efforts are put to show the evidence and accordingly resolve the
critical situation which is being faced by particular male through their female partner. On a
critical note, violence must be noticed by public services also so that male do not feel shame to
report for the same. It would be effective to reduce the level of stress they have. In addition to
this, study conducted by Grady reflects that availability of public services make the procedure of
fair treatment with male victim. At this juncture, necessary services related to police, justice or
court related provided for men in order to protect their right and get rid of abusive relationship.
However, many of the times it happens that services are not provided properly due to lack of
evidence and stereotype of domestic abuse do not allow people to file their complaints. For this
purpose, appropriate regulations can be formed for betterment of people or other parties to
promote good relationship and freedom of both partners. On a critical note, Hoyle and Young

(2002) police fail to notice the issue related to female on male domestic violence. Although, both
are equally liable for the conflicts which is taking place between them. It is because of lack of
understanding among both of them. Furthermore, female partners become more aggressive for
their self defense in case of conflict between partners. It is the major reason that men have to
suffer from abusive relationship. At this juncture, it is important to have necessary legislation
which support effective relationship among partners and prevent the criminal aspects among
them.
2.4 The consequences of domestic violence
It can be stated that domestic violence can impact the overall health and well being of a
person to a great extent. On the other hand, Jewkes, Flood and Lang (2015) has expressed that
domestic violence can results in different kinds of mental, physical and sexual injuries to male.
In some cases domestic violence carried out by women also results in bring up different types of
social economic problems. The serious consequences of domestic abuse also includes loss of
earnings and sometimes employment. As per the view of Pain (2014) the mental health condition
of males can be triggered with such kind of violence and abuse by their female partners. Apart
from this, the feeling of depression is another major consequences of such kind of abuse. Males
suffering from domestic violence suffers in both personal as well as professional life. Changes in
appetite, weight loss, loss of interest and energy level in different activities are some other
consequences which has been faced by males who suffer from domestic violence (Modi, Palmer
and Armstrong, 2014).
According to Kracke and Hahn (2008) domestic violence against men tend to affect the
personal life of both partners. In this manner, their personal life get affected to a greater level
which in turn do not support them to manage the life events in an effectual manner. Generally
higher level of aggression against male make them more disturbed towards their personal and
professional life both. Owing to this, they become less able to manage their personal and
professional life accordingly as they find issue in reducing the work load in a most effective
manner. Here, the work load can be understood in context of conflicts in a family and burden in
office or professional life. However, study conducted by Hines, Brown, and Dunning (2007)
revealed that male victims faced physical abuse due to their female partners. They further found
that 90% experienced controlling behaviors through, many of them reported frustrating