YABS Services: An Analysis of Alleged Visa Fraud by Indian Businessman
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Case Study
AI Summary
This case study examines the alleged visa fraud perpetrated by Avniesh Bhardwaj, the owner of YABS Services, an Indian migration company. The study details how Bhardwaj scammed individuals by promising visas and fake employment opportunities, often utilizing a Ponzi-like scheme. The case analyzes the victims' experiences, including financial losses and broken promises, highlighting the tactics used by Bhardwaj, such as overcharging, providing false employment letters, and delaying visa processes to extract more money. The case also discusses the characteristics of the Ponzi scheme and compares it to pyramid schemes and economic bubble schemes. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of these fraudulent activities on the victims, including financial and emotional distress, and highlights the actions taken by migration lawyers and the migration department to address such issues. The analysis also provides advice on how to avoid such scams, including verifying the legitimacy of migration agents and reporting any fraudulent activities.
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 1
INDIAN BUSINESS MAN INVOLVED IN ALLEGED VISA FRAUD
By (Student’s Name)
Professor’s Name
College
Course
Date
INDIAN BUSINESS MAN INVOLVED IN ALLEGED VISA FRAUD
By (Student’s Name)
Professor’s Name
College
Course
Date
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 2
INDIAN BUSINESS MAN INVOLVED IN ALLEGED VISA FRAUD
Introduction
Financial crime has become very popular in the world today. It is a significant problem in
the society and has a lot of adverse effects. This crime allows one to benefit from getting
revenues, assets or money that belong to someone. Financial crime may involve fraud. Examples
include fraud in cheese, mortgage, corporate security, banks, healthcare and market. All these
could occur during trading or point of sale. They may also cover tax evasion, bribery,
embezzlements, money laundering, and production of counterfeit products. Financial crime may
also include criminal acts such as cybercrime, robbery or murder. Financial crime may be in two
forms: One is where one becomes wealthy through dishonest acquisition from another person by
forging his documents while other involves those benefitting themselves (Corbett, Baucus and
Mitteness 2016).
These crimes may be carried out by an individual, corporation or group whereas the
victims may be individual, corporations, government and the entire economy. Our research on
financial crime involves the YABS services company. Here, a man by the name Avniesh
Bhardwaj scammed people in two ways. The first one is that he was involved in the production
of visa while the other was promising fake employment to the people. He did this by giving them
phony employment letters and nominations (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). This man
worked individually, however, the victims were his relatives, students, and ordinary people. He
used to give excuses when the visas delayed and this would prompt his victims to pay extra to
fast-track visas. He never forged, but took the people’s advantage of wanting to travel abroad
(Hershfield, Cohen and Thompson 2012).
The Ponzi scheme history, definitions and fundamentals
INDIAN BUSINESS MAN INVOLVED IN ALLEGED VISA FRAUD
Introduction
Financial crime has become very popular in the world today. It is a significant problem in
the society and has a lot of adverse effects. This crime allows one to benefit from getting
revenues, assets or money that belong to someone. Financial crime may involve fraud. Examples
include fraud in cheese, mortgage, corporate security, banks, healthcare and market. All these
could occur during trading or point of sale. They may also cover tax evasion, bribery,
embezzlements, money laundering, and production of counterfeit products. Financial crime may
also include criminal acts such as cybercrime, robbery or murder. Financial crime may be in two
forms: One is where one becomes wealthy through dishonest acquisition from another person by
forging his documents while other involves those benefitting themselves (Corbett, Baucus and
Mitteness 2016).
These crimes may be carried out by an individual, corporation or group whereas the
victims may be individual, corporations, government and the entire economy. Our research on
financial crime involves the YABS services company. Here, a man by the name Avniesh
Bhardwaj scammed people in two ways. The first one is that he was involved in the production
of visa while the other was promising fake employment to the people. He did this by giving them
phony employment letters and nominations (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). This man
worked individually, however, the victims were his relatives, students, and ordinary people. He
used to give excuses when the visas delayed and this would prompt his victims to pay extra to
fast-track visas. He never forged, but took the people’s advantage of wanting to travel abroad
(Hershfield, Cohen and Thompson 2012).
The Ponzi scheme history, definitions and fundamentals
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 3
Ponzi scheme is freedmen investment where the operator provides fabricated reports to
generate revenues and incomes from older investments rather than the legitimate business
activities or profits for financial gain (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). This can be done
either by individual or corporations. Companies using these schemes strive very hard so they can
attract clients to get the investments (Williams 2017). This scheme was originated by a man
known as Ponzi. Here, his company, the Security Exchange Company promised a 50% return in
forty-five days. He did not initially invest the money but distributed it equally and told them that
it had made a profit (Harrison and Bukstein 2017). The Ponzi scheme had various
characteristics:
• Assures investors of high returns and title risks
• The investors are not allowed to view any official paperwork of their investments
• Investment strategy is too secretive and also too complex
• Investors can never withdraw from these schemes easily since they sign contracts that
they have to fulfill
• The flow of return in this scheme is very consistent even when the market forces are
not consistent
• Clients face trouble removing/withdrawing their money
There are other types of similar activities of Ponzi schemes such as the pyramid scheme.
An example was the “public likes” scheme. The difference with Ponzi is that the pyramid
schemes fail too fast than expected. In the case with “public likes”, most people had invested and
upgraded, but it collapsed all of a sudden (Harrison and Bukstein 2017). Another example is the
economic bubble schemes (Wilson 2017).
Ponzi scheme is freedmen investment where the operator provides fabricated reports to
generate revenues and incomes from older investments rather than the legitimate business
activities or profits for financial gain (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). This can be done
either by individual or corporations. Companies using these schemes strive very hard so they can
attract clients to get the investments (Williams 2017). This scheme was originated by a man
known as Ponzi. Here, his company, the Security Exchange Company promised a 50% return in
forty-five days. He did not initially invest the money but distributed it equally and told them that
it had made a profit (Harrison and Bukstein 2017). The Ponzi scheme had various
characteristics:
• Assures investors of high returns and title risks
• The investors are not allowed to view any official paperwork of their investments
• Investment strategy is too secretive and also too complex
• Investors can never withdraw from these schemes easily since they sign contracts that
they have to fulfill
• The flow of return in this scheme is very consistent even when the market forces are
not consistent
• Clients face trouble removing/withdrawing their money
There are other types of similar activities of Ponzi schemes such as the pyramid scheme.
An example was the “public likes” scheme. The difference with Ponzi is that the pyramid
schemes fail too fast than expected. In the case with “public likes”, most people had invested and
upgraded, but it collapsed all of a sudden (Harrison and Bukstein 2017). Another example is the
economic bubble schemes (Wilson 2017).
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 4
The Ponzi scheme Related to YASB Case Study
In this case, an Indian businessman, Avniesh Bhardwaj, the sole owner and runs the
company, YABS services was involved in fraud and scamming activities (Corbett, Baucus and
Mitteness 2016). YABS Services was a migration company that dealt in the production of visas
to the people; students, being the most victims. He used to charge migrants lots of money and
claimed to give them visas and job employment to head to Australia. Most of his visa claims
failed, and he did not refund this money to the owners (Albrecht, Morales, Baldwin and Scott
2017). His website went down, but his Facebook page is still active and says he offers student
visas and employment too. He also fooled his cousin, who worked with him, and now his phone
contacts have been switched off (Gibson 2016).
YABS Services made all the application to the clients who were charged $30000 and
assured them that the applications would be approved in three to four months. His clients were
also assured of refund in case of rejected visa claims while other applicants were told to apply
with $50000. In some cases, applications were made and rejected, but the client was never
informed of those scenarios. This businessman also overcharged the customers to get these visas
(Vasek and Moore 2018).
Mr. Avniesh’s cousin, Virgin Marshall wrote a complaint on how his cousin scammed
him. He says that he saw his cousin start this business and also he could use his phone numbers
to advertise his business on newspapers (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). He also took
property to run his business. His primary concern was, he never knew he would take advantage
of people and gain profits (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). When he told him that he
wanted to settle in Australia, he did all the sums and said he needed around 18 lacs. He could not
afford to make this payment, but Avniesh assisted him to get a loan of 7lac after eight months.
The Ponzi scheme Related to YASB Case Study
In this case, an Indian businessman, Avniesh Bhardwaj, the sole owner and runs the
company, YABS services was involved in fraud and scamming activities (Corbett, Baucus and
Mitteness 2016). YABS Services was a migration company that dealt in the production of visas
to the people; students, being the most victims. He used to charge migrants lots of money and
claimed to give them visas and job employment to head to Australia. Most of his visa claims
failed, and he did not refund this money to the owners (Albrecht, Morales, Baldwin and Scott
2017). His website went down, but his Facebook page is still active and says he offers student
visas and employment too. He also fooled his cousin, who worked with him, and now his phone
contacts have been switched off (Gibson 2016).
YABS Services made all the application to the clients who were charged $30000 and
assured them that the applications would be approved in three to four months. His clients were
also assured of refund in case of rejected visa claims while other applicants were told to apply
with $50000. In some cases, applications were made and rejected, but the client was never
informed of those scenarios. This businessman also overcharged the customers to get these visas
(Vasek and Moore 2018).
Mr. Avniesh’s cousin, Virgin Marshall wrote a complaint on how his cousin scammed
him. He says that he saw his cousin start this business and also he could use his phone numbers
to advertise his business on newspapers (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). He also took
property to run his business. His primary concern was, he never knew he would take advantage
of people and gain profits (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). When he told him that he
wanted to settle in Australia, he did all the sums and said he needed around 18 lacs. He could not
afford to make this payment, but Avniesh assisted him to get a loan of 7lac after eight months.
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 5
He would later start to his visa after some few months. He was then told by Avniesh that they
needed some money to support his role in getting this visa and that would also help him keep his
visa intact and enable him to gain citizenship (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). Avniesh
never allowed him to view his account. When the cash was increased, he was told that the
increment would support his file. When he called Avniesh to tell him he had no extra, Avniesh
disconnected his calls and blocked his numbers (Fu et al. 2018).
In Pakistan, Sohail, a young man was also duped by the YABS services. When his visa
was almost expiring, he looked for another one that would enable him to stay in Australia
(Wilson 2017). He got an advert on an IT job which was offered by the YABS services claiming
that they could offer him an employer-sponsored visa (Ruggiero 2017). YABS Services sent him
some employment contracts and applications showing him his application was being processed
(Fu et al. 2018). After paying the money, he was not contacted back. He had borrowed loan
from friends and relatives to get the visa and promised to refund after his qualification for the
job. He says the application was made, but he could not even contact the director of the
company. Moreover, he was not even given explanations as to why his application was rejected
(Ruggiero 2017).
Another complaint said that he took his $23000 and he was promised an ENS 186 visa
within three months since the employer had replied immediately. After few days he demanded an
extra $13000 for lodging visa which was not acceptable (Fu et al. 2018). He further argues that
the businessman is not transparent since has not provided his background information.
Analysis
These people have had claims on how they were fraud and issued the complaint; they
think that mar Avinesh is a compelling person since he got pictures with well-known politicians
He would later start to his visa after some few months. He was then told by Avniesh that they
needed some money to support his role in getting this visa and that would also help him keep his
visa intact and enable him to gain citizenship (Corbett, Baucus and Mitteness 2016). Avniesh
never allowed him to view his account. When the cash was increased, he was told that the
increment would support his file. When he called Avniesh to tell him he had no extra, Avniesh
disconnected his calls and blocked his numbers (Fu et al. 2018).
In Pakistan, Sohail, a young man was also duped by the YABS services. When his visa
was almost expiring, he looked for another one that would enable him to stay in Australia
(Wilson 2017). He got an advert on an IT job which was offered by the YABS services claiming
that they could offer him an employer-sponsored visa (Ruggiero 2017). YABS Services sent him
some employment contracts and applications showing him his application was being processed
(Fu et al. 2018). After paying the money, he was not contacted back. He had borrowed loan
from friends and relatives to get the visa and promised to refund after his qualification for the
job. He says the application was made, but he could not even contact the director of the
company. Moreover, he was not even given explanations as to why his application was rejected
(Ruggiero 2017).
Another complaint said that he took his $23000 and he was promised an ENS 186 visa
within three months since the employer had replied immediately. After few days he demanded an
extra $13000 for lodging visa which was not acceptable (Fu et al. 2018). He further argues that
the businessman is not transparent since has not provided his background information.
Analysis
These people have had claims on how they were fraud and issued the complaint; they
think that mar Avinesh is a compelling person since he got pictures with well-known politicians
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 6
and they think no justice will be done to them or they will not also receive their payments back
since he cannot be located and found (Fu et al. 2018). Those are two examples of stories, but
there are many more persons who suffered from the YABS Company. One spokesperson so this
story and allegedly claimed that it was fake news (Wilson 2017).
This YABS issue has become more common, and the migration lawyer had to intervene
this case, and they had to put on some specific emphasis so as to reduce these scenarios of visa
fraud to the citizens. He said that in the employer sponsorship you have to get the job in
Australia before you start applying for the visa (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015).
The migration department also changed their primary focus of migration to supply-driven
migration whereby you show all the skills and qualifications for them to demand the visas to
head to Australia (Albrecht et al. 2017). They needed more driven people to those embassies, and
they would claim they need those people also in their country first they also created the employer
exploitation or the migration agent exploitation so as to make it difficult for one to access a visa
on his own but has to undergo a process for you to acquire one (Masciandaro 2017).
He also said it is difficult for people to get refunded back their money after falling to
unscrupulous operators which leads to critical variable standards in the industry. This is because
it is challenging to locate this person when they have committed the crime, and also they tend to
have proven that the application was made only that it was rejected by the migration processes so
there is no way they can refund you (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015).
The people who used the YASB services were also overcharged since we realize for one
to apply for the visa or seek employment in other countries you only need $4000 to complete the
process and receive your visa to enable you to go to the Australian countries.
and they think no justice will be done to them or they will not also receive their payments back
since he cannot be located and found (Fu et al. 2018). Those are two examples of stories, but
there are many more persons who suffered from the YABS Company. One spokesperson so this
story and allegedly claimed that it was fake news (Wilson 2017).
This YABS issue has become more common, and the migration lawyer had to intervene
this case, and they had to put on some specific emphasis so as to reduce these scenarios of visa
fraud to the citizens. He said that in the employer sponsorship you have to get the job in
Australia before you start applying for the visa (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015).
The migration department also changed their primary focus of migration to supply-driven
migration whereby you show all the skills and qualifications for them to demand the visas to
head to Australia (Albrecht et al. 2017). They needed more driven people to those embassies, and
they would claim they need those people also in their country first they also created the employer
exploitation or the migration agent exploitation so as to make it difficult for one to access a visa
on his own but has to undergo a process for you to acquire one (Masciandaro 2017).
He also said it is difficult for people to get refunded back their money after falling to
unscrupulous operators which leads to critical variable standards in the industry. This is because
it is challenging to locate this person when they have committed the crime, and also they tend to
have proven that the application was made only that it was rejected by the migration processes so
there is no way they can refund you (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015).
The people who used the YASB services were also overcharged since we realize for one
to apply for the visa or seek employment in other countries you only need $4000 to complete the
process and receive your visa to enable you to go to the Australian countries.
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 7
They also advise if anyone needs to migrate they should visit the department of home
affairs since they will give you all the advice you want, and they will also tell you are the
necessary requirements for you to apply and obtain a visa to migrate and also assist in getting
employment for those people (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). People were encouraged to
use the Y-axis Melbourne since it was the authorized migration consultancy that will give all the
latest and professional assistance on how to acquire the best visa and will manage all your
process (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018).
People were given advice on how to know unregistered migration agents so as to help
them not to be scammed since they could mislead you or give you incorrect benefits to take
your money and to know one unregistered migration company is that their fee is extreme high ,
you are asked to pay cash and no receipts are provided ton you, the agent does not give you any
contract or statement of services as we see in the article they were not given any, only a post
office box or mobile phone number is provided, and no migration agents registration number is
advertised (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018). This was the advice given to all the Indian people
so as to know whether that migration agency is legit or not and when searching for a migration
agent use the link provided in the register of migration agents since unscrupulous people in
business can copy the link and make it seem to be real (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018).
The people are advised to report any incidences of migration fraud that is happening
illegally or as an unregistered migration agent through the reporting line since they will have
more information or report to scam watch since is a website that is run by the consumer act, if
you are scammed by persons of another country you can report it to the local police or the
consumer protection authorities in the country you live in for investigation to undergo and let the
culprit be arrested for his acts (Wilson 2017).
They also advise if anyone needs to migrate they should visit the department of home
affairs since they will give you all the advice you want, and they will also tell you are the
necessary requirements for you to apply and obtain a visa to migrate and also assist in getting
employment for those people (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). People were encouraged to
use the Y-axis Melbourne since it was the authorized migration consultancy that will give all the
latest and professional assistance on how to acquire the best visa and will manage all your
process (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018).
People were given advice on how to know unregistered migration agents so as to help
them not to be scammed since they could mislead you or give you incorrect benefits to take
your money and to know one unregistered migration company is that their fee is extreme high ,
you are asked to pay cash and no receipts are provided ton you, the agent does not give you any
contract or statement of services as we see in the article they were not given any, only a post
office box or mobile phone number is provided, and no migration agents registration number is
advertised (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018). This was the advice given to all the Indian people
so as to know whether that migration agency is legit or not and when searching for a migration
agent use the link provided in the register of migration agents since unscrupulous people in
business can copy the link and make it seem to be real (Nash, Bouchard and Malm 2018).
The people are advised to report any incidences of migration fraud that is happening
illegally or as an unregistered migration agent through the reporting line since they will have
more information or report to scam watch since is a website that is run by the consumer act, if
you are scammed by persons of another country you can report it to the local police or the
consumer protection authorities in the country you live in for investigation to undergo and let the
culprit be arrested for his acts (Wilson 2017).
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 8
One should also ensure to check the sites are email sent to them if they are legit or not to
know whether they are being scammed, or they want to steal their identity or money and the
warning signs are emails sent from free webmail addresses such Yahoo, Hotmail or Gmail
account, unknown email senders and do not click them at all, when you receive unexpected
emails requesting for your personal information’s or emails that do not use your name instead
use ‘dear customer or clients. Those emails that offer you a job with proper payments and
allowances you should think twice and lastly emails that will claim certain persons have been
selected to resettle in other countries without more information on how this is possible (Harrison
and Bukstein 2017). If you are so concerned about the web search, do a research on it and check
if anyone has reported any issue (Wolinsky and Rubin 2014).
Persons are also advised that only authorized department will help you get a visa and do
not check on any advertisements and the visa will be offered to you if you meet all the necessary
qualifications (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). All visas application are charged, and one
will be notified with the list showing the applicable fees and charges, and the payment is made at
the time of applications and in case you not in the country you will use the service delivery
partner, and you receive a receipt showing what has the money be paid for (Nash, Bouchard and
Malm 2018). You should also ask for a confirmatory letter to see on the progress of your
application and if the process is done online also ensure you receive a transaction reference
number that may assist you to log in and also know what documents you require and submit
them on time (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). These companies only require your
certified copies and not your original document to prevent identity fraud (Gottschalk 2016).
Investigations are still done, and anyone with information about Mr. Avniesh should
contact the police officers, legal action will be done to him after we’ve completed our
One should also ensure to check the sites are email sent to them if they are legit or not to
know whether they are being scammed, or they want to steal their identity or money and the
warning signs are emails sent from free webmail addresses such Yahoo, Hotmail or Gmail
account, unknown email senders and do not click them at all, when you receive unexpected
emails requesting for your personal information’s or emails that do not use your name instead
use ‘dear customer or clients. Those emails that offer you a job with proper payments and
allowances you should think twice and lastly emails that will claim certain persons have been
selected to resettle in other countries without more information on how this is possible (Harrison
and Bukstein 2017). If you are so concerned about the web search, do a research on it and check
if anyone has reported any issue (Wolinsky and Rubin 2014).
Persons are also advised that only authorized department will help you get a visa and do
not check on any advertisements and the visa will be offered to you if you meet all the necessary
qualifications (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). All visas application are charged, and one
will be notified with the list showing the applicable fees and charges, and the payment is made at
the time of applications and in case you not in the country you will use the service delivery
partner, and you receive a receipt showing what has the money be paid for (Nash, Bouchard and
Malm 2018). You should also ask for a confirmatory letter to see on the progress of your
application and if the process is done online also ensure you receive a transaction reference
number that may assist you to log in and also know what documents you require and submit
them on time (Deason, Rajgopal and Waymire 2015). These companies only require your
certified copies and not your original document to prevent identity fraud (Gottschalk 2016).
Investigations are still done, and anyone with information about Mr. Avniesh should
contact the police officers, legal action will be done to him after we’ve completed our
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 9
investigations and he will pay for his crimes and the inconveniences he caused to lots of citizens
leaving in India who wanted to search for greener pastures in Australia (Arrawatia and Pande
2016).
Another situation of via crime took place in 2016 where a Mr. chug received $43500 to
facilitate an employer nomination and assist in applying for 457 visa and a well stable job, the
client who reported this case explained how he received money from two of his allies to support
their relatives in the visa application and support him to maintain his restaurant to run throughout
the year (Wilson 2017). The office of migration agents says he committed this crime knowingly
and he violated the integrity of Australia visa program and upheld the law, he was found guilty
and barred for five years from doing the business (Harrison and Bukstein 2017).
Conclusion
Most people are suffering from different financial crimes in different ways and manners,
like in the article above we see how they were violated in pretending that they were going to be
assisted. It is the right of the migration and consumer protection act to ensure that every person is
protected and can get the visas genuinely without being overcharged or scammed so as to get the
visas they require. There should also be laws and rules to protect people, and necessary action
should be done to prevent the spreading of visas frauds.
investigations and he will pay for his crimes and the inconveniences he caused to lots of citizens
leaving in India who wanted to search for greener pastures in Australia (Arrawatia and Pande
2016).
Another situation of via crime took place in 2016 where a Mr. chug received $43500 to
facilitate an employer nomination and assist in applying for 457 visa and a well stable job, the
client who reported this case explained how he received money from two of his allies to support
their relatives in the visa application and support him to maintain his restaurant to run throughout
the year (Wilson 2017). The office of migration agents says he committed this crime knowingly
and he violated the integrity of Australia visa program and upheld the law, he was found guilty
and barred for five years from doing the business (Harrison and Bukstein 2017).
Conclusion
Most people are suffering from different financial crimes in different ways and manners,
like in the article above we see how they were violated in pretending that they were going to be
assisted. It is the right of the migration and consumer protection act to ensure that every person is
protected and can get the visas genuinely without being overcharged or scammed so as to get the
visas they require. There should also be laws and rules to protect people, and necessary action
should be done to prevent the spreading of visas frauds.
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 10
References
Albrecht, C., Morales, V., Baldwin, J.K. and Scott, S.D., 2017. Ezubao: a Chinese Ponzi scheme
with a twist. Journal of Financial Crime, 24(2), pp.256-259.
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/JFC-04-2016-0026 [Access on Date 28-
05-2018]
Arrawatia, M.A. and Pande, V., 2016. Study of Ponzi scheme With Reference To Sharada Scam.
Corbett, A.C., Baucus, M. and Mitteness, C., 2016. Ponzi Schemes And The Dark Side Of
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Subversive Isomorphism. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship
Research, 36(16), p.2.
http://data.conferenceworld.in/ICRTESM2/P192-196.pdf [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Deason, S., Rajgopal, S. and Waymire, G., 2015. Who gets swindled in Ponzi schemes?.
Ford, S., 2018. A Hierarchy of the Goals of International Criminal Courts. Minn. J. Int'l L., 27,
p.179.
https://repository.jmls.edu/facpubs/676/ [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
References
Albrecht, C., Morales, V., Baldwin, J.K. and Scott, S.D., 2017. Ezubao: a Chinese Ponzi scheme
with a twist. Journal of Financial Crime, 24(2), pp.256-259.
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/JFC-04-2016-0026 [Access on Date 28-
05-2018]
Arrawatia, M.A. and Pande, V., 2016. Study of Ponzi scheme With Reference To Sharada Scam.
Corbett, A.C., Baucus, M. and Mitteness, C., 2016. Ponzi Schemes And The Dark Side Of
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Subversive Isomorphism. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship
Research, 36(16), p.2.
http://data.conferenceworld.in/ICRTESM2/P192-196.pdf [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Deason, S., Rajgopal, S. and Waymire, G., 2015. Who gets swindled in Ponzi schemes?.
Ford, S., 2018. A Hierarchy of the Goals of International Criminal Courts. Minn. J. Int'l L., 27,
p.179.
https://repository.jmls.edu/facpubs/676/ [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 11
Fu, P., Zhu, A., Ni, H., Zhao, X. and Li, X., 2018. Threshold behaviors of social dynamics and
financial outcomes of Ponzi scheme diffusion in complex networks. Physica A: Statistical
Mechanics and its Applications, 490, pp.632-642.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437117308087 [Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
Gibson, D. R., 2016. Ignorance at Risk: Interaction at the Epistemic Boundary of Bernard
Madoff’s Ponzi scheme. Qualitative Sociology, 39(3), 221-246.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11133-016-9336-5 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Gottschalk, P., 2016. Investigation and prevention of financial crime: knowledge management,
intelligence strategy, and executive leadership. CRC Press.
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=GwYfDAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Gottschalk,+P.,
+2016.+Investigation+and+prevention+of+financial+crime:+knowledge+management,
+intelligence+strategy,+and+executive+leadership.
+CRC+Press.&ots=SI3FgXccc8&sig=nWURG5OXzNJbPRaRkLoJceSEjjs&redir_esc=y#v=one
page&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Harrison, C.K. and Bukstein, S., 2017. Nevin Shapiro’s $930 Million Ponzi Scheme At The
University Of Miami. Scandals in College Sports, p.23.
Fu, P., Zhu, A., Ni, H., Zhao, X. and Li, X., 2018. Threshold behaviors of social dynamics and
financial outcomes of Ponzi scheme diffusion in complex networks. Physica A: Statistical
Mechanics and its Applications, 490, pp.632-642.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437117308087 [Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
Gibson, D. R., 2016. Ignorance at Risk: Interaction at the Epistemic Boundary of Bernard
Madoff’s Ponzi scheme. Qualitative Sociology, 39(3), 221-246.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11133-016-9336-5 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Gottschalk, P., 2016. Investigation and prevention of financial crime: knowledge management,
intelligence strategy, and executive leadership. CRC Press.
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=GwYfDAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Gottschalk,+P.,
+2016.+Investigation+and+prevention+of+financial+crime:+knowledge+management,
+intelligence+strategy,+and+executive+leadership.
+CRC+Press.&ots=SI3FgXccc8&sig=nWURG5OXzNJbPRaRkLoJceSEjjs&redir_esc=y#v=one
page&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Harrison, C.K. and Bukstein, S., 2017. Nevin Shapiro’s $930 Million Ponzi Scheme At The
University Of Miami. Scandals in College Sports, p.23.
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 12
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=di8lDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA23&dq=Harrison,+C.K.+and+Bukstein,+S.,
+2017.+Nevin+Shapiro%E2%80%99s+
%24930+Million+Ponzi+Scheme+At+The+University+Of+Miami.
+Scandals+in+College+Sports,+p.23.&ots=Old-IgHLa0&sig=6tp-m-
th7JOYu16IZDKTaWEbWfY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
Hershfield, H.E., Cohen, T.R. and Thompson, L., 2012. Short horizons and tempting situations:
Lack of continuity to our future selves leads to unethical decision making and behavior.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 117(2), pp.298-310.
http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2512&context=tepper [Access on Date 28-
05-2018]
Masciandaro, D. ed., 2017. Global financial crime: terrorism, money laundering and offshore
centres. Taylor & Francis.
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=yTcrDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Masciandaro,+D.+ed.,
+2017.+Global+financial+crime:+terrorism,+money+laundering+and+offshore+centres.
+Taylor+
%26+Francis.&ots=Hw6Q2dWbly&sig=i8Rhe_W6ZiUgPn3PWeDWJTiRRKU&redir_esc=y#v
=onepage&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=di8lDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA23&dq=Harrison,+C.K.+and+Bukstein,+S.,
+2017.+Nevin+Shapiro%E2%80%99s+
%24930+Million+Ponzi+Scheme+At+The+University+Of+Miami.
+Scandals+in+College+Sports,+p.23.&ots=Old-IgHLa0&sig=6tp-m-
th7JOYu16IZDKTaWEbWfY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
Hershfield, H.E., Cohen, T.R. and Thompson, L., 2012. Short horizons and tempting situations:
Lack of continuity to our future selves leads to unethical decision making and behavior.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 117(2), pp.298-310.
http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2512&context=tepper [Access on Date 28-
05-2018]
Masciandaro, D. ed., 2017. Global financial crime: terrorism, money laundering and offshore
centres. Taylor & Francis.
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=yTcrDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Masciandaro,+D.+ed.,
+2017.+Global+financial+crime:+terrorism,+money+laundering+and+offshore+centres.
+Taylor+
%26+Francis.&ots=Hw6Q2dWbly&sig=i8Rhe_W6ZiUgPn3PWeDWJTiRRKU&redir_esc=y#v
=onepage&q&f=false [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 13
Nash, R., Bouchard, M. and Malm, A., 2018. Twisting trust: social networks, due diligence, and
loss of capital in a Ponzi scheme. Crime, Law and Social Change, 69(1), pp.67-89.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-017-9706-2 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Vasek, M. and Moore, T., 2018. Analyzing the Bitcoin Ponzi scheme ecosystem. In Bitcoin
Workshop.
https://fc18.ifca.ai/bitcoin/papers/bitcoin18-final11.pdf [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Williams, D.C., 2017. A Timeline And Fraud Triangle Analysis Of The Sec's Madoff Ponzi
Scheme Investigation. International Journal of Business & Public Administration, 14(1).
Wilson, S., 2017. Financial Crises and Financial retrieved from
https://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?
direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=15474844&AN=127980565&h
=EjmfTfH5Sjb3ZrNzLyKLEsRBXtAIjzBLssCU%2bYrjouTjihHsDHz
%2fGObM4lzWytjRmArG3L2DKGaPFH2P097aMQ%3d
%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx
%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl
%3d15474844%26AN%3d127980565 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Wolinsky, H. and Rubin, R., 2014. ‘Kicking the can’: science, Congress and a Ponzi scheme:
Even if US Congress finally approved a tentative budget, scientists worry that the ongoing
budget fights will damage US research in the longer term. EMBO reports, 15(1), pp.21-24.
Retrieved from http://embor.embopress.org/content/15/1/21 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Nash, R., Bouchard, M. and Malm, A., 2018. Twisting trust: social networks, due diligence, and
loss of capital in a Ponzi scheme. Crime, Law and Social Change, 69(1), pp.67-89.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-017-9706-2 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Vasek, M. and Moore, T., 2018. Analyzing the Bitcoin Ponzi scheme ecosystem. In Bitcoin
Workshop.
https://fc18.ifca.ai/bitcoin/papers/bitcoin18-final11.pdf [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Williams, D.C., 2017. A Timeline And Fraud Triangle Analysis Of The Sec's Madoff Ponzi
Scheme Investigation. International Journal of Business & Public Administration, 14(1).
Wilson, S., 2017. Financial Crises and Financial retrieved from
https://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?
direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=15474844&AN=127980565&h
=EjmfTfH5Sjb3ZrNzLyKLEsRBXtAIjzBLssCU%2bYrjouTjihHsDHz
%2fGObM4lzWytjRmArG3L2DKGaPFH2P097aMQ%3d
%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx
%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl
%3d15474844%26AN%3d127980565 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Wolinsky, H. and Rubin, R., 2014. ‘Kicking the can’: science, Congress and a Ponzi scheme:
Even if US Congress finally approved a tentative budget, scientists worry that the ongoing
budget fights will damage US research in the longer term. EMBO reports, 15(1), pp.21-24.
Retrieved from http://embor.embopress.org/content/15/1/21 [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 14
Appendix: Links for YABS
https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/punjabi/en/article/2018/02/27/indian-origin-businessman-
investigated-alleged-visa-fraud [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
https://www.grahaksuraksha.com/yabs-migration-lawyers-and-student-services-fraud-
immigration-lawyers-and-agent-for-australia-immigration-complaint-fraud-immigration/ [Access
on Date 28-05-2018]
Appendix: Links for YABS
https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/punjabi/en/article/2018/02/27/indian-origin-businessman-
investigated-alleged-visa-fraud [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
https://www.grahaksuraksha.com/yabs-migration-lawyers-and-student-services-fraud-
immigration-lawyers-and-agent-for-australia-immigration-complaint-fraud-immigration/ [Access
on Date 28-05-2018]
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 15
https://www.consumercomplaints.in/yabs-migration-lawyers-and-student-services-fraud-
immigration-lawyers-and-agent-for-australia-immigration-c1161227[Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
https://www.y-axis.com.au/blog/migration-business-probed-australia-visa-scam/[Access on Date
28-05-2018]
http://www.nepalesevoice.com.au/site/news/5488/YABS-Services%2C-a-migration-services-
business-owned-by-prominent-Australian-Indian-businessman-under-investigation-for-
fraudulent-practices [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Annotated Bibliography
Masciandaro, D., (Ed.). 2017. Global financial crime: terrorism, money laundering, and
offshore centers. Taylor & Francis.
This book explains in detail what a financial crime is and the issues that it has caused in
not only our society and but also our economics. It looks at terrorism and how we are committing
financial crimes to fund them (Masciandaro 2017). The terrorists thus are able to acquire money
to purchase guns and bombs that are used to kill people and set up attacks in countries.
https://www.consumercomplaints.in/yabs-migration-lawyers-and-student-services-fraud-
immigration-lawyers-and-agent-for-australia-immigration-c1161227[Access on Date 28-05-
2018]
https://www.y-axis.com.au/blog/migration-business-probed-australia-visa-scam/[Access on Date
28-05-2018]
http://www.nepalesevoice.com.au/site/news/5488/YABS-Services%2C-a-migration-services-
business-owned-by-prominent-Australian-Indian-businessman-under-investigation-for-
fraudulent-practices [Access on Date 28-05-2018]
Annotated Bibliography
Masciandaro, D., (Ed.). 2017. Global financial crime: terrorism, money laundering, and
offshore centers. Taylor & Francis.
This book explains in detail what a financial crime is and the issues that it has caused in
not only our society and but also our economics. It looks at terrorism and how we are committing
financial crimes to fund them (Masciandaro 2017). The terrorists thus are able to acquire money
to purchase guns and bombs that are used to kill people and set up attacks in countries.
Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 16
Thousands of people are dying due to terrorism which we fund. This book is appropriate for my
study since it has been able to inform me of the relevant issues that come along with financial
crimes and given me a better understanding of financial crimes. It, therefore, supports the case
study in that it gives us a detailed insight into financial crimes (Masciandaro 2017).
Gottschalk, P., 2016. Investigation and prevention of financial crime: knowledge
management, intelligence strategy, and executive leadership. CRC Press.
This book explains the ways in which we can prevent and also manage financial crimes.
The author in detail explains how our governments can investigate financial crime in our
countries and also prevent them and manage them in future (Gottschalk 2016). It also gives us
information on the strategies to employ and also the leadership that will ensure financial crimes
come to an end. This book is appropriate for my study since it provides an insight on how to find
a financial crime and how to prevent it (Gottschalk 2016). It, therefore, supports the case study
since it can equip the Border Watch on ways to investigate the fraud on visas and also how to
end it.
Gibson, D. R., 2016. Ignorance at Risk: Interaction at the Epistemic Boundary of Bernard
Madoff’s Ponzi Scheme. Qualitative Sociology, 39(3), 221-246.
This article looks at the Ponzi scheme of Bernard Madoff and executives at Fairfield
Greenwich. The writer analyses the phone conversation between this two and looks at the
challenges of interaction at the epistemic boundary, associated with coaching, reconciling, and
answering (Gibson 2016). This article supports our case study in that we look at how the Indian
businessman interacts after his scheme is uncovered and we see that he is not even available for
comment. His phone is off.
Thousands of people are dying due to terrorism which we fund. This book is appropriate for my
study since it has been able to inform me of the relevant issues that come along with financial
crimes and given me a better understanding of financial crimes. It, therefore, supports the case
study in that it gives us a detailed insight into financial crimes (Masciandaro 2017).
Gottschalk, P., 2016. Investigation and prevention of financial crime: knowledge
management, intelligence strategy, and executive leadership. CRC Press.
This book explains the ways in which we can prevent and also manage financial crimes.
The author in detail explains how our governments can investigate financial crime in our
countries and also prevent them and manage them in future (Gottschalk 2016). It also gives us
information on the strategies to employ and also the leadership that will ensure financial crimes
come to an end. This book is appropriate for my study since it provides an insight on how to find
a financial crime and how to prevent it (Gottschalk 2016). It, therefore, supports the case study
since it can equip the Border Watch on ways to investigate the fraud on visas and also how to
end it.
Gibson, D. R., 2016. Ignorance at Risk: Interaction at the Epistemic Boundary of Bernard
Madoff’s Ponzi Scheme. Qualitative Sociology, 39(3), 221-246.
This article looks at the Ponzi scheme of Bernard Madoff and executives at Fairfield
Greenwich. The writer analyses the phone conversation between this two and looks at the
challenges of interaction at the epistemic boundary, associated with coaching, reconciling, and
answering (Gibson 2016). This article supports our case study in that we look at how the Indian
businessman interacts after his scheme is uncovered and we see that he is not even available for
comment. His phone is off.
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Indian Business Man Involved in Alleged VISA Fraud 17
Arrawatia, M.A. and Pande, V., 2016. Study of Ponzi scheme With Reference To Sharada
Scam.
This article basically explains what a Ponzi scheme is and relates it to the Sharada Scam.
It looks into detail how the Sharada scheme came to be till it’s unraveling. This article supports
our case study in that it reveals to us how the person running YASB services is benefiting from
the people from the false services offered (Arrawatia and Pande 2016).
Arrawatia, M.A. and Pande, V., 2016. Study of Ponzi scheme With Reference To Sharada
Scam.
This article basically explains what a Ponzi scheme is and relates it to the Sharada Scam.
It looks into detail how the Sharada scheme came to be till it’s unraveling. This article supports
our case study in that it reveals to us how the person running YASB services is benefiting from
the people from the false services offered (Arrawatia and Pande 2016).
1 out of 17
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