BUSI49139: Food Waste, Environmental Impact, and Mitigation Strategies

This report investigates the critical issue of food waste and its detrimental effects on the environment. The study begins with an abstract and introduction that sets the stage for the research, followed by clearly defined aims, objectives, and research questions. A comprehensive literature review explores existing research on consumer behavior, consumption patterns, and food waste management strategies. The methodology section details the use of both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, including questionnaires and primary and secondary data sources. The data analysis section presents the findings from the questionnaires, offering insights into public awareness and attitudes toward food waste. The report analyzes patterns of consumption, the value of food waste management, and the roles of various actors in preventing food waste. The findings are presented with interpretations, followed by a discussion of the key points and recommendations. The appendices include the questionnaire used in the study, and the report concludes with a list of references.

To identify the issues of food
waste and its impact on
environment

Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Aims.................................................................................................................................................3
Objectives........................................................................................................................................3
Research questions...........................................................................................................................4
Literature review ............................................................................................................................4
Research methodology: ..................................................................................................................5
Questionnaire ..................................................................................................................................6
Data analysis ..................................................................................................................................8
Findings..........................................................................................................................................14
Discussion ....................................................................................................................................14
Appendix........................................................................................................................................14
........................................................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

Abstract
Food waste is refers to the wastage of food or not being used in a appropriate manner and
this will leads to wastage of food. There are various actors who are the role player in the wastage
of food. They have different perception, norms and attitude of the individual, family, an
organisation in the context of food wastage. This report has collect the data from the primary and
the secondary sources that will help in getting the actual feedback of the populations. In which
six questions is being asked to the 30 respondent and the opinion of the respondent is in favour
of reducing the wastage of food.
Introduction
Food waste is the important issue that needs to be solved in the consideration of
saving the natural resources in the environment. It is the loss of food that is not used or
eaten(Botello-Álvarez and et. al., 2018). It can done in process of food production,
processing, distribution and consumption. Majority of the population is unable to get the
food. On other hand, people are just wasting the food by not using it appropriately. It is
important for everyone to understand the need of food and use it accordingly. This will
discuss the issue of food waste and its impact on environment. The report will use the
primary, secondary, qualitative an quantitative method of data collection. Primary data
will help in getting the exact data on the basis on questionnaires an secondary data will
help in getting the theoretical data.
Aims
''To study the impact of food wastage in the environment''.
Objectives
 To study about the perception, attitude, norms of actors regarding the issue of food waste.
 To study the various patterns of consumption in context of food waste.
 To determine the value of food waste management in various occasions of consumption.
 To identify the role of actors in preventing food waste.

Research questions
 What are the perception, attitude, norms of actors in food waste?
 What are the various patters of consumption in context of food waste?
 What is the value of food waste in different occasions?
 How actors play an important role in preventing food waste?
Literature review
Study the perception, attitude, norms of actors regarding the food wastage.
According to (Eriksson and Spångberg, 2017), Food wastage is the major issue in the
society and there are different different attitude, perception and behaviour of the various actors
that includes, Individuals, families, joint purchase, retailer, whole seller and hospitality industry.
Hospitality industry is the major actors in the food wastage it mainly deal in food and organise
parties, weddings an cultural and business parties. Food is being prepared in the large amount
with not fixed quantity and this cause the wastage of food in the organisation. In banquets, guest
list is near to product but not exact and of that hotel have to make the food in bulk and this is the
reason of wasting of food. An individual is the another actors in wasting food, they usually waste
the food because the food is not tasty or not cooked properly etc. Some times, people cook the
food but not having it and throwing it in the dustbin. Individual make bulk buying due to their
busy lifestyle and then it will used and lastly goes in wastage.
Various patterns of consumption in the context of food waste.
According to Marchiore (2017), there are various pattern of consumer and habits in
context of food, People make the purchase of various food items an check the expiry date of the
product, then use accordingly. Each product have the specific date and till that product can be
used an after that product is waste and can not use by anyone. People make the bulk buying and
then the product is not being used with the best before time and this will leads to wastage of the
product. Another pattern of consumption, wrong storage of food is also the reason for the
wastage of food, like perishable food can not kept for longer period of time and this will leads to
spoilage of food. Generally, people cook the food and sometimes there is a leftover food which is
not used by the individual and leads to wastage of food.
Determine the value of food waste management in various occasions of consumption.
According to Kaza and Yao ( 2018), Food waste management is the process of
reducing, recycling and avoiding the food waste in the production and consumption of food.

This will help in effective use of food according to the need of the individual. In weddings, there
is huge loss of food due to bulk buying and he irresponsiveness of the individual, just taking the
food and taste it and then throw it in the dustbin. These are the bad behaviour of the individual
while having food. With the help of food waste management, various organisation can use the
this method for the optimum utilization of food and this will help in reduction of cost in the
production process. In conferences, There is fix criteria to serve the guest and they do not use it
or throw in the dustbin. This will leads to wastage of food but with the effective management of
food, collect the leftover food and recycle it and then use it in for different purpose.
Identify the role of actors in preventing food waste.
According to Janmaimool (2017), Actors are the retailer, whole seller, families,
individual and hospitality sector. They will use the food in different ways and some times this
would be the problem of using the food in the fix quantity and do not waste it. For preventing
food wastage, Individual make the effective purchasing and buy the product with extended
expiry so that product can be used. Individual can recycle and reuse the food in order to
minimise the wastage of food. Another actors is family, they make the bulk buying and this is
the reason for wastage of food. Individual should use the food when it is needed. This will help
in reducing the wastage of food and identify the various reason that is causing the wastage of
food.
Research methodology:
It is the pathway of collecting the data with various method that will help in analysing the
actual problem and their required actions. It will help in analysing what to collect, from where to
collect and lastly how to analyse the various problems. This report will use the various method of
data collection that will help in analysing the problem. Various method of data collection are as
follows: Qualitative- It is the method of data collection in which non-numerical data is being
used to figure the actual opinion or the experience of the individual. It will help in
knowing the actual insight of the individual. This report will cover the literature review
and this is the part of secondary method of data collection.
 Quantitative- It is the method in which numerical data is being collected with the
help of questionnaire. Researcher will able to understand the exact figure of the
research. It is done with the help of performing statistical, computational

technique. Questionnaire are the part of primary method of data collection that
will help in getting the actual figures.
It is concluded that the report will use the both method to analyse the various
factors in the report that will help in collecting the the actual data with the help of
literature review and questionnaire.
 Primary data of collection- It is the type of data that is collected from the direct
contact of the various groups their suggestions and recommendation. Primary
data is being collected from experiment, survey, interview, observation or
questionnaire.
1. Observation Method- In this method, data is being collected from analysing the
behaviour of the individual. It is the control and check of individual personality
that will help in analysing the various attribute of the society.
2. Interview Method- In this method the data is being collected oral and verbal
communication that will help in knowing the skills and knowledge of the
candidate. This can be done on telephone or face to face interview. Interviewer
will ask the questions that can be personal or professional.
 Secondary- This is the method of data collection in which the data is being
collected by some other than the actual user. Data is being collected through
magazines, books, journals and newspaper. The information is already available
and researcher only analyse it to make the meaningful sense of it and use that
data in their report.
Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Name -
Age -
Gender -
1Q) Do you know the issues related to the Food waste ?
A) Yes
B) No

2 Q) Which one is the most appropriate patters of consumptions in context of food waste?
A) Best before Date method
B) Shopping behaviour
C) Storage Practices
D) Use of Leftover
3 Q) Do you understand the value of food waste management in various occasion ( Parties,
Wedding, Anniversary and conferences) of consumption?
A) Yes
B) No
4 Q) What is the main role of Actors ( Individuals , organisations, families, retailers ) to
Preventing the food wastage ?
A) Food Hungry People
B) Sources Reduction
C) Feed Animal
D) Get to know about the Grocery and plan food ahead
5 Q) What is the main benefit of food value chain ?
A) Manage the customers need
B) Track the Marketing Requirement
C) A and B both
D) Better estimate the plan, design, production activities.
6 Q) What is the main issue of food waste?
A) Lack of Proper planning
B) Purchase of too much food
C) Over preparation of food
D) Consumer Behaviour
Data analysis
1Q) Do you know the issues related to the
Food waste ?
Frequencies
A) Yes 21

B) No 9
21
9
A) Yes
B) No
Interpretation : According to this research, it can be understand that most of the people know
the about the issues occur related to the food waste. Out of 30 people, 21 respondents responded
that they know about the issues of food waste.

2 Q) Which one is the most appropriate
patten of consumptions in context of food
waste?
Frequencies
A) Best before Date method 10
B) Shopping behaviour 12
C) Storage Practices 5
D) Use of Leftover 3
10
12
5
3
A) Best before Date method
B) Shopping behaviour
C) Storage Practices
D) Use of Leftover
Interpretation : From this investigation, it is analysed that shopping behaviour of the people
consider the most appropriate patter of consumptions in context of the food waste. Over all 12
people responded and agreed that shopping behaviour affect the most and after that 10 people
responded that “ Best before Date” method consider the second most appropriate pattern.

3Q) Do you understand the value of food
waste management in various occasion
( Parties, Wedding, Anniversary and
conferences) of consumption?
Frequencies
A) Yes 25
B) No 5
25
5
A) Yes
B) No
Interpretation : According to this research, 25 people responded that they understand the value
of food waste management in different occasion like parties, birthdays, weddings, conferences.
Food waste management help to decline the over wastage of food and help to save the food.

4Q) What is the main role of Actors
(Individuals , organisations, families,
retailers ) to Preventing the food wastage ?
Frequencies
A) Feed Hungry People 9
B) Sources Reduction 7
C) Feed Animal 8
D) Get to know about the Grocery and plan
food ahead
6
9
7
8
6
A) Feed Hungry People
B) Sources Reduction
C) Feed Animal
D) Get to know about the
Grocery and plan food ahead
Interpretation : From this analysis, it can be identified that most of the people feed hungry
people and also food animal to prevent the food wastage. Some people responded that they
reduce their resources and some people plan their food before preparation. These are consider the
main role that perform by the individuals, organisation, families etc.