Analysis of Fitness Demands, Characteristics and Training in Football

This report delves into the fitness demands, characteristics, and movement patterns inherent in football, using the example of Marcus Rashford. It details the game's characteristics, including the roles of players, the duration of play, and the skills required, such as dribbling techniques (Sombrero, Nutmeg, Run Around, Step Over, Feint, Quick Turn, Two Touch, and Drag Back). The report examines the physical fitness components crucial for football players, including cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, explosive power, speed, agility, flexibility, reaction time, coordination, and balance. It also considers the importance of diet, training intensity, and injury recovery. The analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the physical and mental requirements of football players and how these factors influence the planning of an athlete's training program.

Sport and Exercise science

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Explanation regarding how the fitness demand, characteristics, & movement patterns of
football help in influence planing program of an athlete's training.............................................3
CONCLUSIONS..............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Sports is consider as activities which includes, physical exertion or skills to defeat
another person or team of players for the purpose of entertainment. To understand relevance of
exercise and physical fitnesses of layers, football game taken. This report is prepared to define
requirement of training session, element which affect this session and source of energy
production system by defining relevant information regarding how football is play as well as
characteristic of this game.
TASK 1
P1 Explanation regarding how the fitness demand, characteristics, & movement patterns of
football help in influence planing program of an athlete's training.
Characteristics of football
Football is the game which is played by 2 team of 11 players, all players are try to kick ball at
specific place in their areas which is known as goal. It is also known as soccer. Football is one of
the most popular game in world, as more then of 230 million of players of different countries
engaged with this game.
In football there are various companionships are started or organised. Theses includes,
championship, cups and league. In England, English football league is popular in which
competition arses between different clubs of Wales & England. Premier, EFL, UEFA, FA, EGL
league all are the example of league (Braun, von Andrian-Werburg, Schänzer and Thevis,
2018).
MARCUS RASHFORD is 23 years old athlete, who is obsessed with this game, he is
also player of his school football team as well as part of Manchester United 's young football
club, in which he play at the position of attacker midfielder. He is also play for England national
team He is professional footballer and also social campaign is debut in the team in 2016 and
become ther youngest and fittest football player at that time.
There will be 11 players in each team of the sport. Each game is run for 90 minuet which
is divided into 2 halves, only goal keeper of team have permission or right to pass or through the
ball by using his hands other player will be penalised if they touch football by using their hands.
Every team needs to goal in the ground of opposition team for adding point or score for their
team.

Every player of team need to maintain their physical strength, in order to play their game
with full dedication and energy. Players needs to learn skills related with the time they need to
pass football to their team player, when they need to pass whatever it was long or short pass, and
they also have to learn the skills related with dribbling All practices related with football is
totally depend on the ground which the match is organized.
Generally football ground is fall between 90 to 120 meters longer and 45 to 90 meters
wider. MARCUS RASHFORD is attacker midfielder player of the game thus he needs to learn
how to defend his football from competitive team players. For this they need to maintain 45
degree of angle distance from each player. Dribbling help in take possession of player without
passing it to other player of competitive team Following are the actions which must be learn by
every football player
Sombrero Dribble: This kick help in past the ball over opponent , in this ball is flick
over the head of opponent & resume dribbling on their other side.
The Nutmeg dribble: In this football is pas between the legs of opponent , player able to
pass the ball without taking possession of the ball to opponent.
The run around dribble: This trick help in save the possession of ball while run in the opposite
side of the ground (Chalmers, Debenedictis, Zacharia, Townsley Gleeson, Lynagh, Townsley,
and Fuller, 2018).
Step over dribble: In this player dribble the ball when opponent is around to him, it is
confusing dribble skills, in which opponent get confused regarding n which direction defender
pas the ball to their team.
Feint dribble: This skills help in proves secure possession of football from opponent
when they are in front of the defenders. This trick is known as feint dribble because in this
movement of body movement of of player trick to the opponent without needing football.
Quickly turn dribble: This short is mostly used by defenders or player in order to
change direction of football during the time of playing the match. Direction is change by kicking
ball opposite side of opponent.
Two touch dribble: This trick help in finding solution regarding how to beat opponent
to secure possession of the ball by changing direction of football.
The drag back dribble: This trick help in getting away from an opponent when they are
going around from in front side or slightly to changing the side of football direction.

For every football player it is relevant they they need to learn skills of dribbling as well
as how effectively they pas the ball and for defenders how they protect and secure possession of
football.
MARCUS RASHFORD require to learn all these skills and learn their time he need to
maintain distance , from players for protecting football to opponents. This will increase changes
of winning the game. During the time of paying this sports that will be many chances when
players suffers from injury generally it is related with legs or neck injury, broken nose, black
eye, head injury, sprains& breaks generally theses injures require 5 to 6 months of recovery time
period. This MARCUS RASHFORD while playing football focus on protecting himself a
without braking-any rule or the game.
Fitness demand skills of the sports
For playing sports it is the first rule that every player which ins engaged with the game
need to be fit. The term fitness define as physical and healthy & fit personal At present time
period every person focused on being healthy and fit for far away from diseases. Specially sports
player, however playing games also is kind of exercise which help in building many skills and
make players mentally as well as physically fit (Francini, Rampinini, Bosio, Connolly,
Carlomagno, and Castagna, 2019).
Fitness includes, mental activity, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance,
strength of muscular, flexibility & body composition. Following are the skills and fitness
qualities require for MARCUS RASHFORD for consider in being fit players category as on the
basis of that he is able to focus on his sport games as well as chances of becoming part of the tea
for long time period has been increases. As being fit is essential for given 100 % of performance
and concentrate on focusing on the work during the time of playing game. Skills are define
below:
Cardiovascular endurance: This term consider as level at which lungs, heart & muscles
work in proper manner or together during the timer of exercising or playing any game. It is help
in determining how strong individual cardiovascular endurance have and level of fitness and
activity. Many of person give test for fitness out their level of fifteens, during the it of playing
football, MARCUS RASHFORD need to mentally and strongly maintain his cardiovascular
system

Strength: Players level of strength demand on how effect they are need and fit during
the time of doing isometric exercise, this will help in notice by finding out changes arise
between various muscular group during the time of exercise. It is relevant for every football
player as they need to run for 90 minutes and for this purpose they require to be mentally and
physically fit which is only possible when they able to maintain fitness regarding their muscular.
Localised muscular endurance: It is related with ability of muscle to sustain
contractions against their resistance over a define time period. It help in shaping the upper body.
This exercise useful for sports player .
Explosive power: It is part of experiencing and body shaping which help in movement
of body parts it is useful and beneficial for the purpose of increase power of sports player, by
using drills This type of exercise generally useful not only for football besides that, in tracking,
cycling , cricket, court sports in all these mention activities, explosive power help in achieving
the target.
Speed: It is defines the ability of sports player at the time of playing their game regarding
with quickly move in other direction. Or garbing or throwdown any ball. For moving body sport
play require ability of strong power and speed which help them during the time of playing the
match .Speed require, power & strength, as well as air resistance and body weight.
This will help players to priove1s them skills for taking advantage during the time of
playing sports game. Speed is consider as essentials skills which every sports play. MARCUS
RASHFORD is defender in club of Manchester United , thus he need to improve his speed as it
is the relevant skills which help in increase the chances of wining the game. /most of time
football team who is physically and mentally fit have more chances to win the game as compare
to their opponent team (Harper, Field, Corr. and Naughton, 2019).
Agility:It is also included in the skills require for fitness. Having agility skills help
player to change their direction and movement of ball by changing their body position, while
maintaining continuant boy movement. This is essential during their time of playing football, as
defender protect possession of football by changing direction of ball.
Flexibility:It is related with how flexible player have to change his direction and turn on
their strategies when the game is change.

Reaction time: Athlete need to focus on their learning and understanding skills,. During
the time of playing match, team 1 mates need to understand and respond quality to why their
their team player say to them regarding game.
Coordination: It is consider as one of the relevant skills which team member must have
ans it will have in giving competitive advantage as compare with opponent team. Players must
have sense regarding when they need to change direction of ball and move together during the
time of playing football. In football, MARCUS RASHFORD need to focus on coordinating
with their team mates in order to coordinated with team to protect possession of their ball from
opponent team players.
Balance: It is consider as skill which help in controlling body movement at the time of
standing in front of person or moving towards different direction. In line skating is one of the
best example of maintaining balance.
Schedule: He is follow strict diet rule to maintain his physical fitness. He took dry fruits,
almonds, and fresh fruits in his daily routine, he wake up in early 4 AM and did 3 hours for
exercise then he took his breakfast in which he prefer , milk and egg and dry fruits as well as he
took protein products for his diet . He give daily 5 to 6 hours for thus training an practical in the
ground. His morning breakfast give him energy for the entire day to work hard and focus on the
game. Thus he took heavy breakfast in the morning.
Intensity: He is work for encourage and generate high intensity for this purpose he used
to drink energy drinks and put up exercise. He focus on light jog exercise and on the basis of that
he prepare formulate his schedule.
Injury history and recovery period: MARCUS RASHFORD was facing many
problems for being represent as attack in the team. As he is face injury knock Injury problem in
2018 and groin injury permeable in January 2019 it took him 15 days to recover from that injury
how ever due to busy schedule he injury again and face ankle injury in mid February which he
took 5 weeks to recover himself it may be news that he come back again the team but due to
serious injury he face issue and suffers from health issue.
Movement patters used in sports:
At present time period it is consider as one of the famous technique which used by coach
of team. In order to enhance skills of team member and inbuilt their coordination skills.
Movement analysis is the process of observing each body movement of players. On the basis of

that coach able to understand time players required to move their body as well as understand
each movement phase which includes, preparation, execution and follow through process.
There are various methods through which coach able to observe body movement of their
team players. Players in order to flexibility move their body parts need to do exercise which
includes, upper body as well as lower body movement changes (Braun, von Andrian-Werburg,
Schänzer and Thevis, 2018).
MARCUS RASHFORD in order to move his body require to done many exercise
which includes, rolling body, by using head titles, shoulder movement, crunches, push up, elbow
bends, wrist rotation, palm up, these finger spread, thumb stretches all these exercise help in
provides flexibility during the time of upper body movement. Which will further useful in case
of during the time of playing any match. On the basis of that players able to maintain their
physical as well as mental health, these are useful in order to enhance skills of player. There are
many methods which coach use during the time of finding movement analysis.
They by finding out value of primary, tertiary, quinary and quaternary factors able to
analysis movement of players. These includes, finding outs values of average speed, distance,
flight distance, stride length, take-off length, angle and height of take of all these methods useful
in find out time require to change movement of player. Football is consider as one f trading game
which maintain its level in the world even though many of the games are introduce which
change of time period.
MARCUS RASHFORD able to maintain their position in the team as he is perform his
all exercise and do daily workout route which is further help him to maintain his physical
strength as well as becoming himself mentally. Fit Movement analysis useful in order to proved
him accurate training regarding his game.
Energy system used in football.
Energy system is define as high or low movement in speed during their timer of playing any
game. For soccer Aerobic energy system is used, under which average rate of heart beat is
require 70 percent of oxygen uptake. This is related to person whose energy production is
weighing 75 kg.
Aerobic production system is used to consume more then of 90 % energy consumption.
This system of energy production is play major role during the time of playing the match by

players. stored adenoid, phosphate are used by players during the time of exercise before the
game start (Ishøi, Hölmich, Aagaard, Thorborg, Bandholm, and Serner, 2018).
Theses computed are used to utilized before starting of their match. Average of 3 to 9
mm blood is require during the time of playing match, however it is exceed till 10 mm while
playing football match. There are some products which used to maintain blood pressure level of
player at the time of playing soccer, for maintain that level , adenosine diphosphate degradation,
ammonium, uric acid and hypo-xanthine, these products are players used for maintain their level
of blood pressure.
For maintain energy level of player, they use Glycogen it is the most relevant drink
which each player is required as it will help in maintain energy level of players. For subtracts,
oxidative muscles, there are various products has been used, which includes, blood free fatty
acid, glucose, triglycerides, all these are required for the purpose of metabolism level within
muscles. The whole energy system of football player is related with the aerobic.
However in some case, anaerobic system is also used it is generally used during the time
of recovery period, where player required high intensity products for their blood and muscles in
maintain their health level which help in maintain level. Theses are useful in order to maintain
their level of stress and mentally prepare them. Theses system useful for each player to prepare
during the time of playing their match. In this pedometer, GPS units are are required to be at fix
level.
Factors which influence designing training program.
There are various factors which help in designing training program structure. Manager of
football team club before organising any match, require to proved training to their player as it is
essential part every game . Following are the elements which directly affect during the time of
running training program, these are define below:
 Time: It is consider as essential factor, as manager need to decide time of organizing
training session on daily basis. Every player need to take 3 to 4 hours on daily basis to
their training program.
 Injury prevention: While designing training structure manager also focus on time
require to recovery of injury period as well as they use those exercise which reduce
chance f injury during the time period of training.

 Performance outcomes: On the basis of evaluate and measure performance of each team
player, manager design their training time period . They formulate schedule to provide
extra training to the players whose performance area below standard level of performance
as well as on the basis of measure previous match performance they set design of
training program (Johnson, Williams, Bradley, Sayer, Murray Fisher and Cumming,
2020).
 Pre season: Manager on the basis of evaluate pre season session formulate training
policies and design activities structure for their post season training program.
 Requirement of manager: There will be many things which manager require these
includes, equipment, tool of training, exercise, coach,drinks , health strength of players
on the basis of finding out information manager able to design their training structure.
CONCLUSIONS
From the above analysis it has been concluded that game is essential part of human
being's life, it is medium of entertainment which make mentally and physically fit to human
being. Football is considers one of the most popular game in UK and all over the world,
countries organized, FIFA cup or champion leagues to play it at international level. Every
footballer require to do some exercise which give him strength and enhance his skills of playing
football. They require to attained training session in which they use energy production system
products these help in provide them energy to play football.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Braun, H., von Andrian-Werburg, J., Schänzer, W. and Thevis, M., 2018. Nutrition status of
young elite female German football players. Pediatric exercise science .30(1). pp.157-
167.
Chalmers, S., Debenedictis, T.A., Zacharia, A., Townsley, S., Gleeson, C., Lynagh, M.,
Townsley, A. and Fuller, J.T., 2018. Asymmetry during Functional Movement
Screening and injury risk in junior football players: A replication study. Scandinavian
journal of medicine & science in sports. 28(3). pp.1281-1287.
Francini, L., Rampinini, E., Bosio, A., Connolly, D., Carlomagno, D. and Castagna, C., 2019.
Association between match activity, endurance levels and maturity in youth football
players. International journal of sports medicine. 40(09). pp.576-584.
Harper, L. D., Field, A., Corr, L. D. and Naughton, R. J., 2019. The physiological, physical, and
biomechanical demands of walking football: implications for exercise prescription and
future research in older adults. Journal of aging and physical activity. 28(3). pp.478-
488.
Ishøi, L., Hölmich, P., Aagaard, P., Thorborg, K., Bandholm, T. and Serner, A., 2018. Effects of
the Nordic Hamstring exercise on sprint capacity in male football players: a randomized
controlled trial. Journal of sports sciences .36(14). pp.1663-1672.
Johnson, D.M., Williams, S., Bradley, B., Sayer, S., Murray Fisher, J. and Cumming, S., 2020.
Growing pains: maturity associated variation in injury risk in academy
football. European journal of sport science. 20(4). pp.544-552.