GSBS6002, Trimester 1: ANZ Case Study Analysis and Recommendations

This report presents an analysis of a hypothetical case study of Air New Zealand (ANZ), focusing on the Fly Neutral program and its effectiveness in encouraging passenger donations to offset carbon emissions. The study utilizes SPSS to test five hypotheses related to passenger perceptions, intentions to donate, and the impact of the program. Statistical techniques such as Chi-square tests, correlation analysis, one-sample t-tests, general linear models, and linear regression models are employed to analyze survey data collected from 565 passengers. The report interprets the statistical findings, revealing insights into passenger attitudes towards climate change, the relationship between donation intentions and program impact, and the influence of factors like gender and education. Ultimately, the report provides recommendations for ANZ to enhance the Fly Neutral program and increase passenger support for environmental sustainability initiatives. The executive summary, introduction, research design, hypothesis development, statistical techniques, results, interpretation, and recommendations are all included.

Foundations of Business Analysis

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The report summarizes about a case study of ANZ under which different kinds of aspects are
measured by help of SPSS tool. Under this report five hypothesis are tested using different kinds
of tests like one sample t-test, regression analysis and many more. In summative manner this can
be stated that above organization needs to focus on those manners through which their donation
can be increased in an effective manner.

Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................4
Research Design.........................................................................................................................................4
Hypothesis Development...........................................................................................................................5
Statistical Technique and Justification....................................................................................................6
Results, and Statistical and non-statistical Interpretation......................................................................7
Discussion and Conclusion......................................................................................................................16
Recommendations...................................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................18

INTRODUCTION
The project report is based on a hypothetical case study which is Air New Zealand. The
overview of such case study is that company is getting worried about impact of climate change
due to emission of carbon. Due to this issue, the organization has started a program which is Fly
Natural whose objective is to promote passengers to give donation for saving the environment
and to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050. Though, in such program there is issue which
is that customers are not supporting in this. For this purpose, they conducted a research in order
to gain passengers perception towards such program.
The report includes detailed information about research design to collect data as well as
hypothesis are prepared in order to do statistical analysis through SPSS tools. Further, the
produced outcomes have been interpreted to provide suggestions to Air New Zealand.
Research Design
In the aspect of proposed research, this can be find out that survey was applied online on 1800
passengers who travelled during last 12 months. Among these 1800 passengers only 565
passengers filled the survey question. Below detailed analysis of various kinds of aspects of
research has been done:
Research design- A researcher's qualitative research is the basis for the tools and procedures he
or she would use (Jarzębowicz and Marciniak, 2017). Researchers will rely on testing
approaches that are acceptable for the subject material and set up their experiments for success
according to the design. The method of study and its sub-types are explained by the nature of a
research subject (experimental design, research problem, descriptive case-study).
Data collection: With relation to above case, data has been collected by below mentioned
method:
Survey- The act of analyzing a procedure or interviewing a chosen collection of people to collect
data about a program, device, or process is referred to as a survey. Data collection surveys are
used to gather data about a given group of people's views, actions, or skills. Written survey
questions, face-to-face or cell phone, market research, and digital (e-mail or website) polls are all
forms of surveys.

Sampling- Sampling is a method of selecting individuals or a part of the population in order to
draw make conclusions and approximate target population (Aven, 2018). In market analysis,
different screening techniques are commonly used so that analysts do not have to research the
whole population in order to gain actionable insights. It also is an effective and time and expense
effective tool, so it is the foundation of every study design. For optimal derivation, sampling
methods may be used in study survey tools. With rationale to above case study, below mentioned
sampling approach has been used that is as follows:
Random sampling- A sampling procedure in which each experiment has an equal chance of
being selected is known as random selection (Kiesler, 2017). A sample drawn at random is
supposed to be a fair representative of the whole population. A sampling error occurs when a
survey does not accurately reflect the population for any reason.
Hypothesis Development
In this section of report different kinds of hypothesis have been produced in accordance of given
five research questions.
Research Question 1: What is ANZ passengers’ belief about:
Null hypothesis (H0): The threat of climate change is due to increase in air traveling.
Alternate hypothesis (HA): The threat of climate change is not due to increase in air traveling.
Research Question 2: What is the intention of ANZ passengers to compensate the impact of their
air travel by donating to Fly Neutral?
Null hypothesis (H0): There is significant relation between intention to donate to Fly Neutral and
impact of program to reduce greenhouse gases in air.
Alternate hypothesis (HA): There is no significant relation between intention to donate to Fly
Neutral and impact of program to reduce greenhouse gases in air.
Research Question 3: Does a significant relationship exist between passengers’ intention to
donate to Fly Neutral and their responsibility for minimizing the impact of their air travel on
climate change.

Null hypothesis (H0): There is significant relation between passengers’ intention to donate to Fly
Neutral and their responsibility for minimizing the impact of their air travel on climate change.
Alternate hypothesis (HA): There is no significant relation between passengers’ intention to
donate to Fly Neutral and their responsibility for minimizing the impact of their air travel on
climate change.
Research Question 4: Does intention to donate to Fly Neutral differ between passengers who
differ in their gender identity?
Null hypothesis (H0): There is significant difference between female and male passengers
towards intensity to donate to Fly Neutral program.
Alternate hypothesis (HA): There is no significant difference between female and male
passengers towards intensity to donate to Fly Neutral program.
Research Question 5: Does intention to donate to Fly Neutral differ between passengers who
differ in their level of education?
Null hypothesis (H0): The intention to donate in fly neutral program depend on level of education
of passengers.
Alternate hypothesis (HA): The intention to donate in fly neutral program does not depend on
level of education of passengers.
Statistical Technique and Justification
In the above proposed research questions there is need to apply different kinds of statistical
methods in order to justify each hypothesis. Below some key statistical methods have been
described which can be applied such as:
Research Question 1: With rational to such question Chi-square test has been applied to know
volume of significance difference between both variables (Duc, Seung-Eock and Chan, 2018).
These two variables are threat of climate change and climate change due to increase in air
travelling. The reason to apply this test is that by help of such this became easier to test the suited
hypothesis above in an effective manner.

Research Question 2: In the aspect of such research question, correlation test can be applied as
under it hypothesis is created to know significant relation between two variables. Basically,
correlation approach is used to assess strength of relation between two quantitative variables.
The reason to use correlation analysis is that under above research question, hypothesis is about
to know relation between intensity to donate and role of carbon offset program to reduce
greenhouse gases in air.
Research Question 3: With rationale to this research question, one sample t-test has been applied.
This is so because under this question we created hypothesis related to know significant relation
between passengers’ intention to donate to Fly Neutral and their responsibility for minimizing
the impact of their air travel on climate change. This could be done by help of such test as under
it two variables are tested. Under this there is no dependent and independent variables. This test
just shows the volume of significant difference between variables which are chosen.
Research Question 4: In the context of this research question general linear model has been
applied. This is so because by help of such method, it becomes easier for above research question
to know about relation between chosen variables. By help of such test this will become easier to
know about male and female approach towards donating into environment program of respective
company.
Research Question 5: In the aspect of this research question linear regression model has been
applied. Under such research question the dependent variable is intention to donate in program
and independent variable is education level of respondents. The reason to apply such model is
knowing whether education level matters or not in order to donate in program.
Results, and Statistical and non-statistical Interpretation
Research Question 1:
Case Processing Summary
Cases
Valid Missing Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent
Q1. * Q2. 565 100.0% 0 0.0% 565 100.0%

Q1. * Q2. Cross tabulation
Count
Q2. Total
Disagree Neither agree nor
disagree
Agree Strongly
agree
Q1.
Disagree 26 31 0 0 57
Neither agree nor
disagree 14 102 42 0 158
Agree 4 29 122 44 199
Strongly agree 0 4 50 97 151
Total 44 166 214 141 565
Chi-square test
Values df Asymp. Sig. (2 sided)
Pearson Chi-square
Likelihood ratio
Linear by linear
association
N of valid cases
459.529a
470.645
318.977
565
9
9
1
0.000
0.000
0.000
Interpretation: In accordance of above done Chi-square test this can be measured that value of
significance difference is of 0.000 which is less than 0.05. This shows that above stated
hypothesis is true and it can be stated that null hypothesis is true.
Research Question 2:

Descriptive Statistics
Statistic Bootstrap
Bias Std.
Error
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower Upper
Q5.
Mean 3.57 .00 .04 3.49 3.65
Std.
Deviation .952 -.001 .025 .901 .999
N 565 0 0 565 565
Q4.
Mean 3.77 .00 .04 3.70 3.84
Std.
Deviation .858 -.001 .020 .816 .895
N 565 0 0 565 565
a. Unless otherwise noted, bootstrap results are based on 1000 bootstrap samples
Correlations
Q5. Q4.
Q5.
Pearson Correlation 1 .619**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
Sum of Squares and Cross-products 510.627 284.722
Covariance .905 .505
N 565 565
Bootstrap
Bias 0 .000
Std. Error 0 .026
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower 1 .567
Upper 1 .668
Q4. Pearson Correlation .619** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000

Sum of Squares and Cross-products 284.722 415.002
Covariance .505 .736
N 565 565
Bootstrap
Bias .000 0
Std. Error .026 0
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower .567 1
Upper .668 1
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
b. Unless otherwise noted, bootstrap results are based on 1000 bootstrap samples
Interpretation: In accordance of above produced table of correlation and descriptive statistics this
can be inferred that the mean value is of 3.77 and standard deviation is of 0.858. This shows that
there is higher difference between both values that interprets that data is distributed equally.
While from another table of correlation this can be inferred that value of Pearson correlation is of
0.619 which is more than 0.3 and this can be stated that there is strong relation between both of
the variables. Hence, this can be stated that null hypothesis is true that is about there is
significant relation between intention to donate to Fly Neutral and impact of program to reduce
greenhouse gases in air.
Research Question 3:
One-Sample Statistics
Statistic Bootstrap
Bias Std.
Error
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower Upper
Q5. N 565
Mean 3.57 .00 .04 3.49 3.64
Std. Deviation .952 .000 .026 .900 1.005

Std. Error
Mean .040
Q3.
N 565
Mean 3.73 .00 .03 3.67 3.79
Std. Deviation .806 .000 .019 .767 .845
Std. Error
Mean .034
a. Unless otherwise noted, bootstrap results are based on 1000 bootstrap samples
One-Sample Test
Test Value = 0
t df Sig. (2-
tailed)
Mean
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of
the Difference
Lower Upper
Q5. 89.136 564 .000 3.568 3.49 3.65
Q3. 110.045 564 .000 3.733 3.67 3.80
Bootstrap for One-Sample Test
Mean
Difference
Bootstrap
Bias Std.
Error
Sig. (2-
tailed)
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower Upper
Q5. 3.568 .000 .038 .001 3.494 3.644
Q3. 3.733 -.003 .032 .001 3.673 3.795
a. Unless otherwise noted, bootstrap results are based on 1000 bootstrap samples
Interpretation: In order to test hypothesis of this research question, one sample t-test has been
applied. In accordance of above measured descriptive statistical test this can be seen that value of

mean and standard deviation is of 3.57 and 0.952 respectively. This shows that data is not
equally distributed which is due to far difference in both values. In addition to this, value of
significance difference is of 0.001 which less than 0.05. This indicates that null hypothesis is true
which states that there is significant relation between passengers’ intention to donate to Fly
Neutral and their responsibility for minimizing the impact of their air travel on climate change.
Research Question 4:
Between-Subjects Factors
Value
Label
N
Gender 1 Male 324
2 Female 241
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable: Q5.
Gender Statistic Bootstrap
Bias Std.
Error
95% Confidence
Interval
Lower Upper
Male
Mean 3.23 .00 .05 3.13 3.32
Std.
Deviation .877 -.003 .034 .812 .945
N 324 0 12 301 346
Female
Mean 4.03 .00 .06 3.92 4.14
Std.
Deviation .849 -.002 .039 .770 .921
N 241 0 12 219 264
Total Mean 3.57 .00 .04 3.49 3.65