Fukushima Daiichi Disaster: Risk Management Plan and Strategies

This report analyzes the risk management plan implemented in response to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. It details the rules, roles, and responsibilities within the plan, emphasizing the importance of integrated, comprehensive, and human-centered approaches to risk management. Key roles such as the Project Manager, Executive Sponsor, and Risk Officer are defined, highlighting their responsibilities in risk identification, analysis, and mitigation. The report further explores applicable and practical risk treatment options, including risk acceptance, transference, avoidance, and reduction strategies. It stresses the importance of regular inspections, adherence to safety codes, and the use of safety equipment to mitigate potential risks. The analysis concludes that effective risk management is crucial for preventing and mitigating the impact of potential disasters, and the report highlights the need for continuous improvement and adaptation of risk management strategies based on past experiences.

HYATT REGENCY
WALKWAY
COLLAPSERISK
MANAGEMENT PLAN
RMP

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Rules, roles and responsibility of risk management plan ...........................................................3
Determine applicable and practical risk treatment options..........................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Fukushima daiichi nuclear is the power plant in the town of Okuma. In 2011, systems at the
nuclear plant is detected the earthquake and shut down the nuclear reactors. The cooling system
is failed in the 3 reactors are fire reactors causing the nuclear accident, explosion in container
building and release the radiation into the ocean and air. After the accident, the radiation also
enhance in the water, food and ocean near the plant. Tsunami causes the cooling of spent fuel
pool and cooling reactor if Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant to fail [1]. The release of the
radioactive things occurred with pressure and uncontrolled release fire, leakage and seepage
many waters. There was low rate of death from radiation.
Rules, roles and responsibility of risk management plan
The risk management plan is a process of determining, assessing, responding to, and then
monitoring, controlling as well as reporting risk. The Risk Management Plan also describes all
planned processes as well as responsibilities to regularly perform risk identification, and risk
analysis, and risk response planning, and also risk control activities during the life cycle of
project. There are many rules, responsibility and roles of the risk management plan [2]. The rules
of the risk management plan are as flowing:
 Integrated:
The risk management plan is not separate from primary activities as well as processes of
an organization; it is generally part of the decision-making in all departments.
 Comprehensive and structured:
The approaching of the risk management plan in effective way is contributes to consistent
as well as efficient results within the business and comprehension for everyone involved.
 Human as well as culture factors:
The risk management is generally influenced the significantly by the human behaviour as
well as culture. Continual improvement through experience makes sure the business
resiliency.

The roles and responsibility in the risk management plan are:
Manager and safety workers at nuclear plant would responsible for that their staff are
educated and train about suing the safety equipments at uncertainty situation with correct
practices to use relevant safety procedures and their working principles. The rules of industry
should include the pressure vessel code and American society of mechanical engineer boiler.
The role of Project Manager is to write as well as approve the Risk Management Plan, describe the risk
management approach, as well as participate even in risk management process, and then take ownership
of risk planning, mitigation, and execution. Supervisor of company must be responsible for that they
should ensure that the safety and security procedure are met at nuclear plant to monitor the factory.
The Risk Officer of Fukushima daiichi nuclear is generally responsible for managing or leading
risk management effort, and sponsoring risk identification activities, also facilitating communication
during the risk management process, and also makes sure the Risk Register is particularly maintained [5].
The Risk Officer is mostly responsible for provide Project Manager with some recommendations as well
as status related to the risk actions. They must ensure that their workers use the PPE equipments and
provide training to them that how to use PPE and guidelines of safe handling should be given by risk
officer within the organization. The role of executive sponsor are agency generally executive who is
provides financial resources as well as business authority for the project. Here, Executive Sponsor is
generally informed about the risks and also provides input to the risk mitigation strategies.
Determine applicable and practical risk treatment options
The main purpose of risk treatment is determining the risk of Fukushima daiichi nuclear
disaster. At the time of risk treatment, the Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant focus on those risk
which are not acceptable because it helps them to mitigate the risk. The risk treatment is also
known as the risk management strategy. There is various treatment option in the risk
management plan such as risk acceptance, risk reduction, risk transference and risk avoidance.
1. Identify and define risk
Risk treatment is the process of select and implement of measures to change risk [4].The main
purpose to determine the risk is to control during the assessment. It helps in decrease the risk by
decline the likelihood. It is the most difficult part to implement because the risk assessment is
complex and it is more strategic and more costly.

 Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant could install the detector system and sprinkler would
help in provide the information of maintenance.
 Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant could use the risk reduction strategy for reduce the
disaster risk with the helps of sustainable development strategy to address pre-existing
risk, avoid the construction of new risk and shared risk to prevent disaster risk.
2. Mitigate the risk
 To mitigate the risk there are rules which must be followed such as adopt good practices
like ASME code and NB-23 for maintenance.
 In Fukushima daiichi nuclear must be regular inspection and steam piping that helps in
find detection of hazards as well as helps in avoid associated risk.
 This risk treatment helps in mitigate the risk of Fukushima daiichi nuclear without any
actions because they could not able to control disasters, but they manage safety and
security for other people and their employees.
 Fukushima daiichi nuclear could avoid the risk with the safety equipments such as PPE
and protection for people those was stay in building, it helps in protect them from
accidents and also effects and causes of disaster.
There are some explanation of risk treatments
Risk acceptance: the risk acceptance is referring as the accepted without any action to mitigate
the risk. This is the most common option of risk treatment because it includes the safeguard's
implementation such as control. With the helps of implement the backup. This strategy is not
able to reduce the risk impact but it also helps in prevent it's from the happening [3].
for example: accepting Fukushima daiichi nuclear disaster risk, and they could prepare when the
disaster is strikes, and they also able to provide safety to society. Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant
is able to control the earthquake and tsunami, but they could control the destruction is cause and
death rate.
Risk transference: it refers as the transfer the risk to another party who is an able to assume the
risk on business behalf. But this risk will still exist because only responsibility is transfer too
other.
Risk avoidance: the risk avoidance is the option of risk treatment. In this risk is eliminated
without taking any action. The main aim is to eliminate the risk completely and possibilities of
risk occurring. There can be major impact on the company because the risk avoidance is miss out

the better opportunity for business [6]. Fukushima daiichi nuclear could avoid the risk with the
safety equipments and protection for people those was stay in building, it helps in protect them
from accidents and also effects and causes of disaster.
Risk reduction: the risk reduction is referring as the process to take action to prevent and
control tits impact. It is the common strategy because it mostly comes to risk treatment. It is also
known as the lowering risk. This approach helps in mange the risk and control with more
manageable.
For example: Fukushima daiichi could also able to reduce the risk with the helps of quality
management system and emergency management systems through elements of risk reduction
such as recovery, prevention, response and preparedness.
3. Evaluate the selected measures
there are required the approval of measures to implement.
 they could also provide proper training to employees to use PPE with safe guidelines.
 Fukushima daiichi nuclear plant could use the pressure relief device for safe practices and
it is low in cost.
 Adopt proper repair and alteration of the pressure vessel because it is lower in cost.
 disaster cannot be control by anyone so, the company could focus on the insurance policy
so, they could able to insuring against the financial risk because the insurance acquiring
is the financial protection against the physical damage to power-plant that could result in
the accident.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that the risk management is about
determining the possible risks, disasters or problems before they generally hit the project really
hard. The above report includes rules, responsibilities and roles of the risk management plan.
The report includes the roles such as Project manager, Executive Sponsor and Risk Officer.
Moreover, the report also includes determine applicable as well as practical risk treatment options such as
risk reduction, risk avoidance, risk transfer and risk acceptance.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
[1]Onda, Y., Taniguchi, K., Yoshimura, K., Kato, H., Takahashi, J., Wakiyama, Y., Coppin, F.
and Smith, H., 2020. Radionuclides from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in
terrestrial systems. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 1(12). pp.644-660.
[2]Chapman, R., 2019. The rules of project risk management: Implementation guidelines for
major projects. Routledge.
[3]Yoshioka, T. and Maeda, Y., 2020. COVID-19 stigma induced by local government and
media reporting in Japan: It’s time to reconsider risk communication lessons from the
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Journal of Epidemiology, 30(8), pp.372-373.
[4]Nawaz, A., Waqar, A., Shah, S.A.R., Sajid, M. and Khalid, M.I., 2019. An innovative
framework for risk management in construction projects in developing countries:
evidence from Pakistan. Risks, 7(1), p.24.
[5]Okonofua, H. and Rahman, S., 2018, August. Evaluating the risk management plan and
addressing factors for successes in government agencies. In 2018 17th IEEE
International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And
Communications/12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And
Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE) (pp. 1589-1592). IEEE.
[6]Pinho, M. and Santos, C., 2020. Organisational Risk Management Plan: The Application of
FMEA Methodology. In Tools, Strategies, and Practices for Modern and Accountable
Public Sector Management (pp. 258-289). IGI Global.