Report on Functional Areas and Skills in Business Organisations

This report provides an overview of the functional areas within business organizations, emphasizing their importance in achieving overall economic performance. It identifies key functional areas such as marketing, finance, human resource management, and operations, detailing their roles and responsibilities within the organizational structure. The report also highlights the essential skills required for employees to effectively contribute to each functional area, including communication, analytical, organizational, data processing, and technical skills. The conclusion underscores the significance of these functional areas in driving business success and maintaining competitiveness in the current environment. Students can find similar solved assignments and study resources on Desklib.

Functional Areas

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................4
Explanation about business ........................................................................................................4
Functional area of a business .....................................................................................................4
Business functional areas: ..........................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Business refers to the enterprising entity or an organisation which is engaged in
industrial, commercial and professional activities. Business can be for non-profit organisations or
for profit entities and the type of business basically ranges from sole proprietorship, limited
liability companies, partnerships and corporations as well. The present economy basically
consists of different kinds of businesses and these businesses basically contribute in terms of
overall performance and growth of any country or economy as well. The present report will
cover discussion about various functional areas within the business organisations. In addition to
this, the report will cover analysis about types of skills which are required by employees to be
able to work into effective manner in these functional areas.
MAIN BODY
Explanation about business
Business basically refers to the process of distribution, production and sale of goods and
services for purpose of profit. It is that kind of activity which makes the living of an individual
easier through producing and buying and selling of goods and services and it is the activity
which contribute in terms of creating profits on a very large scale.
Functional area of a business
Functional areas basically refers to the teams of employees who have similar kind of expertise
and skills as well(Nawaz and Koç., 2019). There are many reasons due to which organisation has
organised themselves through functional areas. First main reason is that they are more efficient
to have staff with similar skills which has been grouped together
Business functional areas:
There are majorly four kinds functional areas within the business and all have them all
their roles and responsibilities which is defined into the following manner:
 Marketing: Marketing refers to those activities which an organisation undertakes in
order to promote buying and selling of products and services. Marketing basically
includes selling, advertising and delivering of products to consumers or other businesses.
For the success of an organisation it is necessary that to do marketing of products and
services into effective manner so that people can attract towards their organisation into
result oriented manner.

There are certain skills required by the marketer in order to perform into effective manner at the
organisational level and these skills are defined into the following manner:
 Communication skills: For the profile of marketer, it is very important to have
marketing skill so that the individual can easily convey information and messages to their
customers into positive manner.
 Creativity and problem-solving: A marketing individual has to be smart enough in
terms of solving the problems so that he or she can handle any kind of customer in order
to sell their products and services as well(Qian and et.al., 2020). An individual who is
indulge in marketing profile should be creative in terms of nature so that they can
creatively sell the products and services of the company through their different kinds of
ideas.
 Attention to detail: An individual has to pay smaller details in terms of selling the
product and services to their customers so that they can understand the exact requirement
of their customers according to this changing period of time.
Finance: The function of finance basically involves obtaining, planning and managing the funds
of company into appropriate manner. The finance department of a business basically answers
questions about in which manner funds should be raised, the long term cost of borrowing funds
and the implications of financing decisions for the long term health of the business. Within the
finance functional area, accounting is also crucial part of it. Accountants basically provides
managers with information needed to make decisions about the allocation of resources of the
company.
There are certain skills required by the individual who is working in finance department which
is defined into the following manner:
 Interpersonal Skills: An individual who is working in finance department have to deal
with different kind of people in order to build successful relationship with their customers
and co-workers as well(Hu and Han., 2019). If an individual has to achieve higher level
of success into this field then individual has to be more friendly and approachable as well
which is a big part of the ob requirements.
 Analytical skills: This skill plays a significant role for those who are working in this
finance department where they have to think in a lateral manner, analyse the scenarios

and also draws the suitable conclusions for it as well. The have to utilise and embrace this
part of their role which demonstrates the ability to think in a proper and logical manner as
well.
 Technological-Savoy: When technological advancements are there then this department
has also adopted certain changes accordingly for it(Yan and et.al., 2020). Financial
professionals have to place technical skills in the forefront of their learning and they must
have knowledge in the most up to date programs ad have to be excel in the specific tools
and platforms which are relevant to the industry.
Human resource: Human resource management basically refers to the strategic approach to the
efficient and effective management of people in an organisation or company such that they
support their business in order to gain competitive advantage as well. It is basically designed to
maximise performance of employees in the service of an employers strategic objectives. Human
resource management plays a significant role in terms of managing people into effective manner
within the business organisation.
There are certain skills which are required to work in a human resource department which is
defined into the following manner:
 Communication Skills: An individual who work in this human resource department
have to deal with different kinds of people so the individual should have strong
communication skills so that they can work into effective manner. An individual has
strong communication power then that person can effectively coordinate with different
kind of people into positive manner.
 Organisational skill: It s very challenging to manage the requirements of business
owners and employees if the individual lacks in organisational skills. There are many HR
managers who organise information on the offline and online basis as well(Schwertner.,
2017). The department of human resource get benefits from software of resource
management for payroll, benefits management and employees schedules as well.
 Flexible nature: An individual has to be flexible in terms of nature because only after
that situation the structure can help a business to run into smoother manner but the
management of HR requires higher level of flexibility. At the organisational level, ob

duties may vary at any point of time so individual has to be very flexible so that they can
easily adjust themselves in any kind of environment.
Operations: The department of operations basically refers to that process of production which
ensures that it has been completed from the initial to final level. These process of production
requires to be line up with the functions and goals of other departments within a company. This
department plays a significant role in terms of organisational growth and development as well.
There are certain skills which are required at the organisational level in order to work into
operation department within the business which is defined into the following manner:
 Data processing skills: To work within the operation department, it is very important to
have this skill so that collecting disseminating and entering operational data can be done
into effective manner(Pu and et.al., 2016). For tracking the functions of business it is very
important to have data processing and organisation as well which basically include
shipment from vendors, outgoing and incoming cash flow, design of product and
processes within the supply chain management.
 Technical proficiency: For working effectively into the department of operations it is
very important to have technical skills so that task can completed into result oriented
manner(Supanti and et.al., 2015). The management of operations basically requires
proficiency in terms of technical applications which includes data entry, production
automation, using software to access to project data, design processes and tracking of
budget information. So these are the skills which are required at the organisational level.
CONCLUSION
The above stated report concludes that businesses are very important in order to achieve a
good performance of the overall economy. It has been concluded that there are different kinds of
functional areas within the business at organisational level. These functional areas plays a
significant role in terms of achievement of the overall objectives and goals of an organisation. It
has been determined that there are some major functional areas which include finance
department, human resource management department, marketing and operations department. So
in the overall manner, these functional areas are very important for achieving results on a very
higher scale. There are certain skills which are required by every functional area in order to

achieve perfection level within the organisation. So these skills help an individual to stand
strongly at the organisational level and in this competitive environment as well. That’s why
functional areas are very important in terms of running the business into smoother manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Nawaz, W. and Koç, M., 2019. Exploring organizational sustainability: Themes, functional
areas, and best practices. Sustainability, 11(16), p.4307.
Qian and et.al., 2020. Identification of urban functional areas by coupling satellite images and
taxi GPS trajectories. Remote Sensing, 12(15), p.2449.
Hu, Y. and Han, Y., 2019. Identification of urban functional areas based on POI data: A case
study of the Guangzhou economic and technological development zone. Sustainability,
11(5), p.1385.
Yan and et.al., 2020. Where urban youth work and live: A data-driven approach to identify urban
functional areas at a fine scale. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(1),
p.42.
Schwertner, K., 2017. Digital transformation of business. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 15(1),
pp.388-393.
Pu and et.al., 2016, August. An improved framework to discover functional urban regions using
pedestrian trajectories. In 2016 24th International Conference on Geoinformatics (pp.
1-5). IEEE.
Supanti and et.al., 2015. Enhancing the employer-employee relationship through corporate social
responsibility (CSR) engagement. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality
Management.