University: Watson Analytics Analysis of G8 Emission Trends, 2007-2016

This report presents an analysis of CO2, CO, NOX, SOX, VOC, and GHG emission trends in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016, utilizing IBM Watson Analytics. The study examines emission levels across France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Russia, and Canada. Descriptive analysis, including line graphs, is used to visualize and compare emission data, revealing that the United States consistently exhibits the highest emission rates across various gases. The report highlights decreasing CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, VOC, and GHG emissions in the USA over the observed period, indicating the effectiveness of implemented environmental measures. However, the analysis also underscores that, despite these reductions, the USA still has the highest emission rates. The report concludes with recommendations for CEOs, emphasizing the need for continued efforts to reduce emissions and address environmental challenges. The dataset was sourced from http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx.

Running head: WATSON ANALYTICS
Watson analytics: Trend of CO2, CO, NOX, SOX, VOC and GHG emission in G8 countries
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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Executive summary
The paper mainly reflects on the analysis of the trend of CO2, CO, NOX, SOX, VOC and GHG
emission in G8 countries by using the IBM Watson analysis tool. The main scope of this paper is
to analyze the emission of the harmful gases in G8 countries from the year 2007 to the year
2016. The data set that is collected is generally analyzed in order to determine the value of
emission that had occurred within the period of 2007 to 2016 within the G8 countries. After
proper analysis, it is found that USA has the highest rate of CO2, CO, NOX, SOX, VOC and
GHG in comparison to other G8 countries. The emission of harmful gases creates a number of
environmental issues, and in order to resolve the issues, the report also provides a number of
recommendations.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................3
2. Background information..............................................................................................................3
3. Description of the selected data set.............................................................................................4
4. Types of analysis.........................................................................................................................4
4.1 Descriptive analysis...............................................................................................................5
4.2 Predictive analysis...............................................................................................................11
5. Recommendations for CEO.......................................................................................................12
6. Cover letter................................................................................................................................14
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................15

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1. Introduction
The generation of new data is increasing at an exponential rate due to the advancement
within technology as well as an information system. The data that are collected can either be
structural in nature, or they are generally unstructured in nature. It is found that different types of
sensitive data, as well as information, generally remains hidden within the huge data volumes
which can be used in the business organizations in order to improve the market demand. The
interpretation, as well as analysis of huge velocity as well as volume, are found to be tiresome as
well as challenging as it generally needs huge manpower or human resources in order to
complete the calculation. However, the calculation that is performed with the help of the human
resources can have errors due to which the calculations become inaccurate. In order to resolve
the problem, it is quite necessary to use computerized solution for the interpretation of data that
would generally help in analyzing huge data set within very much little time and enhanced
quality of interpretation. This data interpretation can be utilized in huge data set in a minimum
time and further assist in enhancing the interpretation quality. The data interpretation can be
utilized in different business processes for developing strategic planning quite successfully.
2. Background information
In this particular project, the emission of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC in
different G8 countries are analyzed by utilizing “IBM Watson Analytics” which one of the
online cloud based business intelligence tool. It is identified that over the past few decades the
emission of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC is changing due to which a number of
environmental problems like acid rain, eutrophication, ozone depletion as well as issues of
climatic change are occurring. Moreover, the emission of harmful gases can generally damage

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crops as well as trees in a variety of ways. Therefore, this project mainly reflects on evaluating
the trends of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC emission in G8 countries (France, Germany,
Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Russia, Canada). The trend of emission in different
countries will be helpful in evaluating the rate in which the emission is increasing. By focusing
on the emission rate, it will be quite easy to focus on the steps that are generally required in order
to reduce the emission of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC in order to reduce the
challenges that occur due to emission. It is found that IBM Watson analytics tool is mainly
selected as well as used in the project for getting detailed analysis as well as visualization about
the emission of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC in different G8 countries. With the help
of the analysis that is performed, the project is providing proper recommendations that are quite
helpful in lowering the rate of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC emission.
3. Description of the selected data set
The dataset is collected from http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx mainly reflects on the trend
of emission of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC in different G8 countries that mainly
include France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, Russia and Canada. For this particular
project, raw data about the emission has been collected that mainly includes information about
the emission value of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC. Moreover, the data set also
contains information regarding the frequency, measure and year of emission.
4. Types of analysis
It is found that both predictive and descriptive analysis is generally undertaken by using
the IBM Watson analytics tool in order to analyze the trend of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and
VOC in G8 countries. Both the types of analysis that are used are generally elaborated below:

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4.1 Descriptive analysis
Descriptive analysis is considered as brief descriptive coefficients that helps in
summarizing a given set of data that can either the sample of the population or the representation
of the entire. Descriptive analysis is generally undertaken for broking down into measures that
include central tendency as well as measures that are associated with variability. Descriptive
analysis is generally undertaken in this particular project for reflecting the trends of emission of
CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, GHG and VOC in G8 countries. The descriptive analysis of the emissions
in different countries are elaborated below:
Emission of CO in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016
Figure 1: Emission of CO in G8 countries
(Source: Created by Author)

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The figure that is provided above is showcasing the level of CO in G8 countries from the
year 2007 to 2016. It is reflected that the maximum level of CO emission has occurred in the
USA in comparison to other G8 countries. The average emission of CO in the USA in the year
2007 was around 34237.06 thousand tonne whereas the value of CO emission in Russia is around
8803.57 thousand tonne. On the other hand, the level of emission in other countries like Japan,
Canada as well as France is quite low in comparison to the level of emission that occurred in the
USA. From the above figure, it is analyzed that the emission of CO is highest in the USA and
due to which a number of environmental problems as well as issues are generally occurring in
the USA. In addition to this, it is identified that the level of CO emission is decreasing in the
USA from the year 2007 and the average emission has decreased from 34237.06 thousand tonnes
to 23418.33 thousand tonnes in the year 2018. Whereas in other countries like Canada, France,
Russia, United Kingdom as well as Germany, the level of emission was constant and the level
has not decreased. Thus, the analysis reflects that the USA, is taking important steps in reducing
the emission of CO and thus the problems that are associated with CO emission is also
decreasing.
Emission of CO2 in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016

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Figure 2: Emission of CO2 in G8 countries
(Source: Created by Author)
The figure that is provided above reflects on the level of CO2 emission in G8 countries. It
is analyzed that the level of CO2 emission in the USA in the year 2007 was around 2852.75
thousand tonne which is much more in comparison to the CO2 emission that had occurred in
Russia, Japan, Italy as well as France. Moreover, the emission of CO2 that had occurred in the
USA from the year 2007 to 2016 reflects that the rate of emission is decreasing as the time is
passing which means that USA is taking necessary steps in order to minimize the level of CO2
emission. Furthermore, the emission that had occurred in USA which is around 2424 thousand
tonne that is very much higher than the emission that had occurred in other G8 countries. Thus, it
is analyzed that the USA still has to play an important role in minimizing the level of CO2
emission so that the problems like climatic change as well as greenhouse gases can be reduced.
Emission of GHG in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016
Figure 3: Emission of GHG in G8 countries

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(Source: Created by Author)
The figure that is given above mainly reflects on the emission of GHG in the USA. It is
found that in the year 2007, the amount of GHG that is emitted will be around 2852.75 thousand
tonne which is very much higher than the emission rate of GHG in other countries of G8 like
Italy, France, Germany and Russia. Moreover, it is reflected that the level of GHG in the USA is
decreasing from the year 2007 to 2016. The decrease in the emission of GHG in the USA is
mainly due to the steps that the Government of USA is taking in order to resolve the problems as
well as a challenge. In addition to this, it is found that even after taking such steps, still, USA has
the highest emission rate of GHG. Therefore, it is quite important for the government to take
further important steps that will be beneficial for lowering the level of GHG for reducing
environmental issues and problems.
Emission of NOX in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016
Figure 4: Emission of NOX in G8 countries
(Source: Created by Author)
The figure that is provided above reflects on the emission of NOX in different G8
countries. The above line graph showcases that the rate of emission of NOX in the USA in the

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year 2007 will be around 8194.43 thousand tonnes whereas in Russia the amount of emission
will be around 1895. 15 thousand tonnes. On the other hand, the emission of NOX in other G8
countries like Italy, Germany, United Kingdom and Russia is quite less in comparison to other
countries. Moreover, it is analyzed that the rate of emission of NOX in the USA is decreasing
from the year 2007 to the year 2016. The reduction in the rate of emission of NOX reflects that
the USA government is taking appropriate steps for minimizing the problems like climatic
change, greenhouse effect as well as air pollution. In addition to this, it is analyzed that the
government still have to work hard in order to lower the emission level of NOX otherwise it will
create a harmful impact on the entire environment.
Emission of SOX in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016
Figure 5: Emission of SOX in G8 countries
(Source: Created by Author)
The emission of SOX in the USA in the year 2006 will be around 5299.04 thousand
tonne which is quite higher in comparison to the emission rate of SOX in other G8 countries like

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Russia, Italy, Japan, Germany as well as the United Kingdom. However, it is found that the
emission rate of SOX is the USA is decreasing from 2007, and it found that the emission rate has
been lowered in comparison to the emission rate of Russia in 2016. Thus from the analysis, it is
found that presently the level of SOX emission is higher in Russia which is a matter of concern
and the government of Russia needs to take important steps so that the environmental issues like
air pollution, acid rain, greenhouse effect as well as the problems of climatic change can get
reduced.
Emission of VOC in G8 countries from 2007 to 2016
Figure 6: Emission of VOC in G8 countries
(Source: Created by Author)
The figure which is provided above mainly reflects on the level of VOC emission in G8
countries. The emission of VOC in the USA will be around 7364.94 thousand tonnes in the year
2006 whereas the rate of the VOC emission in Russia will be around 1743.6 thousand tonnes. In
addition to this, it is found that the level of VOC emission in different G8 countries like Italy,

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Germany, United Kingdom as well as Germany is quite less in comparison to countries like USA
and Russia. From the above analysis, it is found that the level of VOC emission is decreasing
from the year 2007 to the year 2016 that states that the government of USA is playing an
important role in minimizing the level of VOC emission. Moreover, still, the country has to take
an appropriate step in minimizing the level of VOC so that the environmental problems like the
greenhouse effect, climatic change as well as acid rain can be reduced.
4.2 Predictive analysis
Predictive analysis is considered as one of the practices that is mainly used in order to
extract the information from existing datasets for determining the patterns and for predicting the
future outcomes as well as trends. Moreover, it is found that predictive analysis does not help in
providing information about the happening that will occur in the future however it might predict
the happening that can occur in the future with a proper level of reliability including what-if
analysis as well as proper risk assessment. It is found that in this project, the predictive analysis
is generally undertaken in order to analyze the level of CO, CO2, SOX, VOX, GHG as well as
VOC in the G8 countries.