Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences: Implications for Teaching

This essay provides a detailed analysis of Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, outlining the eight distinct intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. For each intelligence, the essay discusses its characteristics and importance. Furthermore, it explores various teaching methods that teachers can employ to cater to these diverse intelligences, including the use of multimedia, games, interactive sessions, computer programs, design, role-playing, and independent study. The essay emphasizes the importance of aligning teaching strategies with students' individual strengths to enhance their learning capacity and creativity, concluding that a comprehensive understanding of multiple intelligences is crucial for effective teaching and student development.

Context of Business

INTRODUCTION
A context of business is a model that is required to express the current scenario of the business
that highlights the scope of the business project. It containing the factors that making changes in
the business from different point of view, it also contains hoe a business takes its decision and
what are the desired business goals that it has to achieve. It is very important to provide basic
values and to make creative marketing strategy. It adds analyses of the business environment
and its operations(Alsalhi, 2020) . The aim of this report is to define different intelligence
theories and to discuss how different teaching methods can increase a creativity and learning
capacity of the students.
TASK
!. Discuss the different intelligences outlined by this theory.
Howard Gardner's theory is based on Multiple intelligence. Gardner developed a range of eight
criteria of intelligence that is formed on various scientific disciplines. He also defines
intelligence as a procedure of information that can be applicable in cultural setting to solve
problems and make products that have a value in a culture.
Linguistic intelligence is the ability to understand and use to speak and write language. Ie
includes expressing one's thoughts effectively by speaking and writing with having interest of
learning different language. Its a very first intelligence from the eight theories of Howard
Gardner. Linguistic intelligence is based on language and communication, it improves the way a
person can express himself in more creative and thoughtful way. This can be in written as well as
oral level and helps in accomplish particular goals (Gardner, 2018) . Linguistic intelligence
enhances many strengths in an individual by many activities as reading books, by debating and
discussing many issues, reading newspaper, playing word games like scrabble, speaking in
public , reading and speaking aloud and writing short stories.
Logical-mathematical intelligence is one of eight type of learning styles that includes many
aspects related to enhancement of mind and the activities includes analytical ability, synthetic
ability and integration functioning. Logical-mathematical intelligence carry out many
mathematical operations and it also helps to investigate problems scientifically. It increases the
logical thinking process of an individual . Its an ability to to measure and calculate the after

effects of actions based on the ideas and relationships. To apply various skills in order to
provide solutions to solve overcome many mathematical problems and to solve logical
challenges with critical problems. It helps in several sectors such as day to day mathematical
skills, in educational achievements , to utilised mathematical skills , solving problem in
investigative and inquisitive ways. There are many ways to develop your mathematical
intelligence like play logical gamers, work on brain teasers, try to learn basic level computer
programming, play logic puzzles, make calculations , solve abstract problems and many more.
Spatial intelligence is the feature that contains a ability to successfully perceive and make
insights from many visual data. With this a teacher can logically conclude that how well student
process information that is visually presented. Its a process in which an individual has an ability
to get the knowledge from visual information , abstract it as well as envision the data. In spatial
intelligence people create different pictures that explains the basic concept and create prototypes
that in contains spatial reasoning (Khamo and Johnson, 2019) This type of intelligence plays an
important role in technical systems and in the software that goals to learn position basis
information. Some examples of spatial intelligence are telecommunications, transportation,
retail companies.
Kinesthetic intelligence is describe as a body that is said to be good in movement, performing
various actions and have that physical control . In this the utilisation of capacity to make or
change objects that includes variety of physical skills. It builds sense of time management and
enhance skills by body and mind merging. Those people who have this kind of intelligence are
tend to be good in coordination and are dexterous. Kinesthetic intelligence strengthen physical
movement and fine in motor control. People having kinesthetic intelligence are tend to good at
dancing and sports , enjoy building things with their own, having great physical coordination
and remembering things by doing their own rather than by listening and watching. To develop
kinesthetic intelligence people should make sessions of exercise, make use of small movements,
be little creative, standing up more than sitting at one place and many more ( Linnenluecke,
2022) .. Kinesthetic intelligence creates potential in an individual to make career choices in in
dancing field, builder,. actor , sculptor and profession that includes more of a body movement
compare to mind.
Musical intelligence defines as the skill in the performance , composition of music , creating
musical patterns. It is defined as an ability to make rhythm, pitch and appreciate the forms of

different music. People who have musical intelligence are capable of recognizing different
patterns easily ad are very keen in rhythm ans sounds, they think in terms of patterns. They
possesses many characteristics such as having vast knowledge of music structure and notes,
songs and music are easy to understand , listen things actively, love performing, can use music to
increase mental satisfaction and having rational thinking, they enjoy playing different musical
instruments and perceive musical tones easily. People having musical intelligence can build
their career as a musician, composer, singer, music teacher, conductor and many other jobs.
Interpersonal intelligence defined as the ability to understand others and to be interactive with
others. It includes having effective communication and be distinctive in terms to have multiple
perspective. It includes the people having strong display of compassion, kindness and relate to
the people very easily by listening and speaking to them with empathy. The characteristics of
people having interpersonal intelligence includes ability to understand others, Listen
empathetically, having high social skills, good communication level, being good in verbal ans
non-verbal communication, building positive relationship with others, Resolve their conflicts
easily, etc. These people are expert in developing and creating emotions, desires and motivation
of people around them (Nazarova, 2019) Interpersonal intelligence enhances interactive skills
in people and give them many career choices such as, they can be philosopher, salesperson,
counselor, politician and many more.
Intrapersonal intelligence refers to an individual who is having strong understanding about his
own surrounding and aware of his own feelings, motivations and and emotional state. Its a
process of getting to know your inner self and your identity that you want or not want and to
accept your strengths and weaknesses by getting to know our self reflection , an individual can
work on himself to make things better. People being intrapersonal intelligence contain various
set of skills that are getting to know other people better, having alone time and dealing situations
alone, being independent and have a high self-confidence , having control on one's feeling,
express one's thoughts and feelings in a creative ways. To develop intrapersonal skills an
individual should be involved in personal developmental activities , develop social hobbies,
taking small breaks for yourself. People enjoying self analyses and exploring their relations with
others in intrapersonal intelligence. They can build their career as a philosopher, writer,
scientist, theorist and many more.

Naturalistic Intelligence is the recent theory of Gardner's theory according to this theory it is
defined as the people having high intelligence have more inclined towards nature and interested
in exploring environment , nurturing it with right knowledge . It refers to an individual interest
in the world of nature,plants and animal and they work around them , they have the ability
identify different environmental patterns and sensitivity towards them (Ranta, Aarikka-Stenroos
and Mäkinen, 2018) . They appreciate nature and their strengths includes their relationship
with nature. Naturalistic intelligence people are interested in categorize information easily,
enjoying activities like hiking, exploring outdoors and camping and have their career as a
biologist, gardener, farmer, conservationist and many other fields.
2. Based on this theory what teaching methods can teachers use to help students learn.
Teaching methods is the management action plan which is used in classroom for command and
teaching the students. The teaching method is highly dependent on area of your interest and the
academic background as well as the size of a classroom. . There are numerous ways for teaching
the students in a fun and experimental way.
Videos: This method can be a very interesting way to teach students as it widen their horizon a it
will provide the content and knowledge out of the books. Students will have their control ,
dominance and flexibility in their learning as they can watch the content anywhere in the world.
Moreover it will provide the extended knowledge about topic.
Audio and images : As the countries are moving towards digitalisation rapidly the tools have
been also used such for images we use power point which makes the learning easy and
captivating where the audio's are also so effective as it will help the students to remember the
concepts for a longer period of a time. This will also maintain the discipline in a class.
Games and interactive sessions: These sessions become the vital part in children growth and
learning as the games can be fun and children can grab the concept quickly. For this it is
important to align the game with the topic and it will teach them various life skills such as the
team building and leadership quality moreover they will communicate and respect the other
opinions by giving the positive criticism(Sedov, 2019). The interactive sessions will emphasis in
brainstorming and they will have a freedom to exchange the ideas and thoughts.
Computer games and design : In 21st century we live in a place where technology is dominant
factor inculcating the technology in children learning can be very beneficial as it will give them
digital literacy further playing games through internet they will get the idea how the internet

world functions and they wont be alien to the subject any more. It can also help the child to
choose their career into games such as being an animator. While the design can help them to
analyse and evaluate by looking the design it will develop their reasonal thinking and
observation skills by looking the picture moreover their creative side will also strengthen which
is far more adaptive and easy method to learn than the traditional script writing.
Role play and independent study: The role play is a method where teachers explains the situation
by giving them reference of other individual and sometimes child also understand the situation
by assuming the role of third person and sometimes act too in any given situation. It has its own
benefits as it engage and engross the students into a topic where they learn the real life based
skills which are used in daily to daily process such as cooperation, negotiation and all these
enhance their critical way of thinking. The independent study has its own pros from all the other
method as it will increase their concentration level and there will be the internal satisfaction.
Independent study method will also tells a lot about students strength and weakness and they can
self critique themselves constructively.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that business context includes major understanding of
the factors that make an effect on business includes all the business decision and what are the
objective of business. It also concludes the Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence. In this
theory there are eight different types of intelligence that are, Linguistic intelligence, spatial
intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, musical
intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence and naturalistic intelligence.
Later it describes the various creative ways by which a teacher can teaches students by the use
of multimedia such as making video, images and audio , games gives students an interactive
way of learning. It also includes independent studying and computer program.

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Linnenluecke, M.K., 2022. Environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance in the
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