Research Project: Gender Discrimination Impact on Tesco Employee Pay

This research project investigates the impact of gender discrimination on employee pay, using Tesco as a case study. The study begins with an introduction outlining the research's aim, objectives, and rationale, followed by a literature review exploring existing research on gender discrimination in the workplace, particularly within the retail sector. The methodology section details the research philosophy (positivism), approach (deductive), and methods, including both quantitative and qualitative data collection through questionnaires and potentially interviews. The data analysis and interpretation section presents findings from both quantitative and qualitative data, examining the gender pay gap, differences in treatment, and the actions taken by Tesco's management to address discrimination. The report concludes with a reflection on the research process, recommendations for alternative research methods, and suggestions for Tesco to improve workplace equality and address gender pay disparities, all based on the data analysis and literature review.

Research project
Table of Contents

Title: “To evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts on employees pay”.
A case study on Tesco......................................................................................................................1
A) INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
A.1) overview of research......................................................................................................1
A.2) Aim and Objective.........................................................................................................1
A.3) Rationale for research.....................................................................................................1
A.4) Research questions.........................................................................................................2
B) Literature review.........................................................................................................................2
C) Research methodology................................................................................................................5
D) Data analysis and Interpretation.................................................................................................9
D.1) Interpretation of quantitative data..................................................................................9
D.2) Interpretation of qualitative data..................................................................................15
E) Research outcomes....................................................................................................................16
Covered in PPT.....................................................................................................................16
F) Reflection and recommendations for alternative research methods..........................................16
F.1) Reflection......................................................................................................................16
F.2) Recommendations for alternative research methods....................................................17
G) Conclusion................................................................................................................................17
H) Recommendation......................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
Appendix 1: Questionnaire............................................................................................................20
Appendix 2: Proposal Form...........................................................................................................21
Appendix 3: Research Ethics approval form.................................................................................26

Title: “To evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts
on employees pay”. A case study on Tesco.
A) INTRODUCTION
A.1) overview of research
Tesco is a well known British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer
headquartered at England, UK that is offering a wide range of product and services to its
customers that consists of food, clothing, stationary, cosmetics, electronics, Technology and
gaming products, financial services etc (Heilman and Caleo, 2018). It is among one of the largest
retailer of world thus, employees a large number of workforces. At workplace of all organisation
issues of gender discrimination is quite common which is mainly associated with prejudiced
treatment of men and women based on their gender. This gender dissemination also facilitates
issue of gender pay gap that affects the pay and motivation level of employees which result in
inefficiency and hampered performance. Thus, following research in conducted in Tesco to
evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts on employees pay.
A.2) Aim and Objective
Aim
The aim of this research work is, “ To develop better understanding about the concept of
gender discrimination together with its impact on performance and pay of employees”.
Research objectives
The main objectives of this research work conducted on Tesco are as follows:
 The objective of the research is to evaluate gender discrimination in Tesco that impact on
employee performance and morale in the organisation.
 To analyse gender discrimination based on male and female and employee pay gap based
on gender of employees (Khan, H.U.R and et. al., 2017).
 To identify how action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to
facilitate equality at workplace.
A.3) Rationale for research
The two main aspects and factors that make selection of this research project rational and
justifiable are provided below:
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Professional reason: It includes evaluating and getting better understanding about equality
and diversity at workplace together with its impact on performance of employees thus, it would
be helpful in future for better development of professional career.
Personal reason: The personal reason behind selecting this research topic includes the fact
that it meets the educational background and interest of researcher and ensures betterment in
skills and knowledge of investigator together with other interested scholars.
A.4) Research questions
Following research question would be addressed and evaluated through this research
work:
 How workplace discrimination impact on employee performance and their attitudes
towards Tesco?
 How organisation treat male and female workers while considering promotion, bonus and
other benefits in the organisation?
 How human resource management of Tesco takes action against gender discrimination at
workplace to ensure better creation of equality?
B) Literature review
This is the part of research report where it represent the discussion and critical analyzation
through published articles or sources of literature in a research topic (Alizai, Doneys. and Doane,
2017). A literature review is a complexive topic where the summary or description about the
research topic on the basis of reviewing with the aspect of surveys, scholarly articles, book and
online websites from which the sources of data information has been collected and it helps to
analyze is made the meeting the requirement and determining the nature of present research
topic. As the literature review is conduction on the implication of gender discrimination in the
workplace.
a) Identify the research to evaluate the gender discrimination in TESCO which provide
the impact on employee performance.
According to the Michelle Seidel, 2019. In the organization the work culture is to be having
sophisticated environment which allows the positivity in terms of coordination in work among
peers, better relationship with superior of employees, performance appraisal for affective
outcomes, enhancement of training to employees by getting new task which develop the skills
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and knowledge etc. The gender discrimination creates the conflict or barrier among the
organization and workforce by getting focuses the development only their perferences but not to
everyone where it arises the barriers by not getting noticed and specially it happen with women
when they work in the organization premises where men are getting noticed, appraised from
superiors or managers which enhanced the distraction in discrimination for not analyzing the
efficiency of others potential capabilities (von Gruenigen, and Karlan, 2018). As the context of
TESCO plc Company the gender discrimination challenges as the company is retailer industry in
United Kingdom where it allows the equality in the workforce environment which allows the
positivity work culture by which employees working day and night for company’s growth and
contributing their effective skills by making the task accomplish and provide the desirable
outcomes it directly enhanced the productivity of individual, but due to having a gender
discrimination in the organization it distract the employees mental distress in terms of health
issues not focuses in the work properly, if an individual is getting discriminated from his or her
superior it will destruct the higher capabilities what the individual has carry and create the
mental balanced totally disturb as in stress and depression in a while he or she can get into a
wrong ways such alcohol, drugs can get the career destroyed completely. Mental issues related
with health can be major concern for business owner who has unstable or disturbed by which
employee taking the negative actions in the workplace (Palmieri, 2018). Poor company can be a
disadvantage and it can be a part of gender discrimination where the potential employees are
getting moral support and appraisal but those are unwilling and needs a proper guidance they are
getting scold, yelling through superior not providing the morale support. Reducing the workforce
productivity if the company only highlighted the negative and unethical factor which can not
build or not increases the workforce productivity in fact, if company only focuses into profits but
not focuses in employees development it directly invites the less productivity which have to beer
the organization for the long term aspect.
As the above summarization of the review is context with the Tesco company that to
examine of gender discrimination in their premises it will directly create the impact on
workforce performances in terms of efficiency and mobility that creates the low productivity
influence as well as it also can create the unsatisfactory factor towards the individual
employee morale.
b) To analyze the gender Discrimination based on male and female as in employee gap.
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According to the Michael J, Coren, 2019. The gender discrimination at workplace is
having with the perspective of male and female criteria by which in organization there is
always giving the priorties toward s the male ones where the superior and other prediction
that which emphasis the efficiency has in men capabilities who handles the official task of
the oragnsiatiion but females having a low potential they are not supposed to interact nor to
operates the task of organization where it arises the gender discrimination through not getting
wages or salaries there is pay gap between male and female on which female are getting less
in terms of capabilities and judgment which is only prediction while men are getting more as
in wages and salaries, it comes from the decades where the women are not gets the enough
outcomes from organization but they have to face the discrimination against the modern
workplace (Chen, Li, and Lai., 2017). Harassed and other violation are stats to be unpaid and
the working women has tend to force by getting the lower wages.
As in Tesco company drawn the gender discrimination as per the based on the male and
female which actually creates the gap which making the presence of conflicts between male and
female workers in coordination work and not able to operating the time management during to
pursue the task and assignment.
c) To identify the action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to
facilitates the equality to workforce.
As per the opinion of Oliver Staley, 2016. By evaluation and analyzation of the situation
arises through gender discrimination in the organization where they allows the workforce to
continued the working culture effective but sometimes the workforce have to face the gender
discrimination in terms of not getting training properly toward the female staff rather than men
by allocating the proper balanced of gender equality where the treatment of workforce will be in
equal ways, as in Tesco plc company the elimination or fight against the gender discrimination
which creates the negativity in the workplace for removing the factor which can occur by
biasness, not having the proper compliances regarding with the women allowances and making
sure that all employees should get equal opportunity in the premises where they can coordinate
with each other which brings the effective managerial system towards the company growth, have
to minimize the gender pay gap it means if men are getting equal wages as per the designation
and performances there should be same equality treatment for women pay structure (Manuel and
et. al., 2017).
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As above discussion flows into over came from gender discrimination which can enhanced
the work equality into company like Tesco and increases the employees performances which
brings the productivity.
C) Research methodology
A research methodology facilitates a set of specific procedure and techniques which are
assorted by an researcher or expertise to evaluate and identify the process which has been
selected to analyze the information of data which gathered on a related research topic (Fassiotto,
Maldonado and Kothary, 2018). As this methodology is generates the about the process of
collection of data and after interpretation to attaining the objectives with optimum conclusion of
the research.
Research Philosophy:
It provides a belief about the ways in which data about the related topic are systematic
procedure of collection and analyzation by the researcher in terms of relevance information
about the research topic. It contains the two major types of philosophies which allows to mapped
the research data valuable factor are:
Positivism:It is a research Philosophy which is been used by the researcher to
considering the major prediction and observation of research results as it treats as Scientific form
of philosophy where it mapped on the highly framework method which is not much influenced
by researcher’s value and behavior (Harnois, and Bastos, 2018).
Interpretivism:According to the interpretivism research philosophy is determine the
only the collection and procurement of the precious and subjective data where it generates eth
better specification.
As for the above research there is use of Positivism research philosophy which is helps to
facilitates the new current research information and also provides the scientific method as for
evaluation and investigation about the data, while Interpretivism is not taking consider as it focus
only on subjective data of research which will not suitable for research point of view.
Research Approaches:
By formally represent the process and strategic plan which assort to research and
involves couple of steps as well as the practical assumption for effective method in the aspect of
data procurement and gathered with detailed interpretation. A research approach complies the
two major factor of approaches which are elaborated below:
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Deductive: This research approach is involves the better selecting theory which is opted
and improvised by hypothesis which elaborate the theory and analyzation the data collection on
the aspect given hypothesis (Rogers, Wren and McNamara, 2019). Therefore, the deductive
approach main focus is to analysis the theory through sort of the testing.
Inductive: The approach of research is focuses with the generation of new theory that
emerging from the providing data, and this approach is provides the logical form of process
through multiple assumption and premises which are involved for compiled the specific
conclusion research.
The above discussion of research there is optimum use of Deductive approach by which it
provides the better specialization and specification on the basis of hypothesis in the aspect of
quantitative research method while researcher has not selected the Inductive approach where it
determine of new theory aspect which mix within data that will not provide any productive
towards the research.
Research method:
A research method is generates the compliance manner of planning for conduct and
attaining the objectives of any particular research. There are the two main types of research
method which helps to facilitates the form of data collection as well as the avability:
Qualitative method: By using of this method it is formatted by researcher when the
research wants the depth and theoretical knowledge about the data which reflect the attitude and
behavior of the respondent participation on the basis of purpose of research is collected (Henning
and et. al., 2017).
Quantitative Method:According to this research method the research collects the data in
the form of numeric and arithmetic which represent the data information as in graphical units
numbers and also shows the brief perspective of participant but not aspect of the depth
knowledge about research topic.
For this research the use of Quantitative research method for reason to leads by providing
the present scenario investigation and evaluation for better procurement and collection of data in
numeric format which also ensures the effective presentation. As there is not presence of
Qualitative research as such it only generates the detailed information towards the research
objectives.
Gantt Chart:
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A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar graph presentation in a graphical framework of
significant task and steps related which are related to the research. Gantt chart is also facilitates
time intervals for each and every task by which it helps to making and effective understanding
about the particular objective related to task and requirement of resource which is completely
fulfilling of work identification as it own data basis and pros and cons (Kim, and Park, 2018).
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Sources of data Collection:
It naturally present the beginning of the data from where the data is actually collected or
the prevention about the data specification. There is a important source of data collection which
helps to identify the authentic framework of data is suitable are explain below:
Primary Source:The collection from this source is generates the first hand information
of collection about data which is scrutinizing by researcher through self assessment examine of
data by the sources of interview, survey, questionnaires, feedbacks etc (Wynn and Correll, 2018).
Secondary Source: According to this sources it generates the accessibility and mobility
about data investigation and collection through other resources which having the existence in the
other research framework where the data is been come through documents, newspaper, websites,
articles etc. As secondary method is one of the easier method to collection of data very
significantly where it helps to use to make research effectively.
As for the discussion about the source of data collection is basically uses of both primary
and secondary where the data of which evaluate through the questionnaire and other self
assessment factors, while the secondary method is for scrutinizing the findings which has
evaluated through research in the giving information.
Instrument used of data collection:
The using of instrumental of data collection of current research is a questionnaire where
set of 10 questions is related to the topic of gender discrimination as the researcher has been tried
the process of questionnaire conduct through face to face interview but it was not possible due
the Covid-19 where it creates the conflict to conduct the interview process by which the
questionnaire is optimum and suitable solution for selecting as instrument and create the
effective analyzation with the aspect of research data.
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Questionnaire:
It is an process of written document where the set of questions is related to respective
topic on the basis of conduction of research and gathering of data through the participation of
respondent (Kartolo and Kwantes, 2019). The questionnaire used for current research is attached
at the end of file in the appendix.
Sampling Method:
A sampling method is assorted by an individual researcher for to choose or selected pre
existing considering the number of units and the detailed observation with the motive of
analyzation of data effectively which has been opted from the larger population. As for this
particular research there is opted for Simple Random sampling where it provides to optimum
chances for all observation and selection is fully dependable on probability basis and not
appearing of the biasness factor (Rosenblat, A and et. al., 2017). As this sampling method is
implement on the “concept of gender discrimination at the workplace” where it takes 30
respondent of the workforce of Tesco company.
D) Data analysis and Interpretation
D.1) Interpretation of quantitative data
Use of pie charts and frequency table are made for analysis and evaluation of quantitative
data a discussion about which is provided below:
Theme 1: Concept of gender discrimination
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of gender discrimination that
mainly prevails at workplace of an organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 26
b) No 4
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Interpretation
Out of 30 respondents 26 are aware about the concept of gender discrimination that
mainly prevails at workplace of an organisation while only 4 were there who are not having any
perception about this concept according to the above stated pie chart.
Theme 2: Workplace discrimination impacts on employee performance and their attitudes
towards Tesco
Q2) How workplace discrimination impacts on employee
performance and their attitudes towards Tesco?
Frequency
a) Positive 2
b) Negative 25
c) No impact 3
10

Interpretation
It has been observed on the basis of above frequency table and pie charts that 2
respondents are having view point that positive impact is lead by workplace discrimination on
employee performance and their attitudes towards Tesco while 25 respondents out of 30 have
favoured its negative impact. Further, 3 respondents are there who believes that workplace
discrimination creates no impact on employee performance and their attitudes towards Tesco.
Theme 3: Negative implication lead by gender discrimination
Q3) What negative implication are lead by gender discrimination on
overall behaviour and performance of employees of Tesco?
Frequency
a) Reduction in motivation level 10
b) Dissatisfaction and stress among employees 12
c) Hamper productivity and efficiency 8
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Interpretation
Gender discrimination lead various negative implications on behaviour and performance
of employees as it has been analysed through current research that 10 respondents believes that
reduction in motivation level is caused by workplace discrimination while 12 participants have
supported that dissatisfaction and stress among employees is its main negative implication.
Beside this, 8 respondents are having a thinking that negative implication lead by gender
discrimination on overall behaviour and performance of employees of Tesco includes hampered
productivity and efficiency of staff.
Theme 4: Gender discrimination create significant impact on employee’s pay
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that gender discrimination create
significant impact on employee’s pay and incentives?
Frequency
a) Agreed 28
b) Disagreed 2
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Interpretation
It has been evaluated that gender discrimination also carets a significant level of impact
on employee’s pay and incentives and lead to creation of issue of gender pay gap as 28
respondents are agreed with this fact while only 2 respondents are there who disagreed with
above stated theme.
Theme 5: Steps to ensure reduction in workplace discrimination
Q5) What steps could be taken by Tesco to ensure reduction in
workplace discrimination and solve the issue of gender pay gap?
Frequency
a) Transparent HR practises 8
b) Proper training and education 6
c) Effective communication 5
d) Compliance with equality law 11
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Interpretation
Various steps are taken by an organisation to ensure reduction in workplace
discrimination and solve the issue of gender pay gap as 8 respondents believes that transparent
HR practises are best step to solve issue of gender pay gap while 6 have supported proper
training and education to reduce workplace discrimination. Apart from this, 5 participants are in
favour of effective communication where as 11 respondents have favoured compliance with
equality law to ensure reduction in workplace discrimination and solve the issue of gender pay
gap.
Theme 6: Organisation treats male and female workers
Q6) How organisation treat male and female workers while
considering promotion, bonus and other benefits in the
organisation?
Frequency
a) Fairly 10
b) Unfairly 20
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Interpretation
A high level of gender gap and discrimination is seen at workplace as the above pie chart
is depicting that only 10 respondents out of 30 has supported fair treatment between male and
female workers while considering promotion, bonus and other benefits in the organisation where
as 20 are in support of Unfair treatment.
D.2) Interpretation of qualitative data
Theme 7: Action against gender discrimination at workplace to ensure better creation of
equality
Interpretation
A larger number of respondents have supported that quite strict action are taken by human
resource management of Tesco to ensure better creation of equality at its workplace that consists
of demotions and penalties against those individuals who are involved in creating and facilitating
any kind of discrimination at workplace.
Theme 8: Steps and actions could be taken to ensure equality and fairness among
employees to reduce the chances of gender discrimination
Interpretation
In accordance with maximum number of participants the steps and actions that could be taken by
managers of Tesco to ensure more equality and fairness among employees to reduce the chances
of gender discrimination include adoption of more participative management and leadership
15

approach to allow proper involvement of all employees in decision making and other operations
to deal with issue of discrimination and also facilitates fair decision making.
Theme 9: Advantages and benefits that can be availed through creating culture equality
Interpretation
As per the view point of maximum number of participants it has been observed that various
possible advantages and benefits can be availed by Tesco through reducing the level of gender
discrimination and creating culture equality at its workplace that consist of higher creativity and
productivity level together with improved motivation and satisfaction level of employees.
E) Research outcomes
Covered in PPT
F) Reflection and recommendations for alternative research methods
F.1) Reflection
The conduct of current research is the topic of Concept of gender discrimination about
the impact in workplace has been Scrutinized that there should not have the biasness or any type
of discrimination which can affect the organization workforce. As I have ensure about the data
collection and proper interpretation in terms of research philosophy where the Positivism build
the detail about new theory generates with proper specification, Quantitative data method has
been selected where it provide the facts and figures which shows the data statistical framework
of data. About the conducting of instrumental tools which has been used a Questionnaire with the
respective of topic by which employees of Tesco has driven through their participants as well as
their reviews we want to conduct the face to face interview but it could possible because of the
crises of Covid-19 which creates the barrier into our Survey objective as per the remaining time
we have consumed the optimum time duration on which we have procure the knowledge and
information regarding our research outcomes. The pitfalls of current research work are
associated with lack of time and ethical consideration that were timely identified and resolved by
me through use of Gantt chart and taking prior consent from respondents. Thus, it can be
reflected that current research work is effective in meeting the stated objectives as yield better
information about selected topic and also all the work and task assigned are competed in time.
16

F.2) Recommendations for alternative research methods
By using of positivism and deductive approach provides the detailed information about ten
data evaluation and investigation through emerged with new theory as well as specification, as
for the quantitative research method is for analyzing the numeric data and the sources of data
collection is assorted by both primary and secondary sources where it generates the self
assessment of researcher data with other data facts and findings to make an effective research
report. The alternatives that cloud bee used includes conduction of more in-depth research
findings through making use of only qualitative approach along with interview of larger number
of respondents but is very complex and time consuming process.
G) Conclusion
On the basis of above research it can be concluded that gender discrimination is a common
issues that prevails at workplace of all organisation and create negative impact on performance
of employees. Beside this, it can be summarised that a negative implication is created by gender
discrimination on overall behaviour and performance of employees that lead to reduction in
motivation level, dissatisfaction and stress among employees that hamper their performance and
efficiency. Gender discrimination also creates significant impact on employee’s pay and
incentive that facilitates issues of pay gap. Managers also play a vital role in reducing workplace
discrimination through adopting participative approach. At last it can be concluded that, many
steps can be adopted by an organisation to ensure reduction in workplace discrimination and
solve the issue of gender pay gap like transparent HR practises, proper training and education
effective communication and proper compliance with equality law.
H) Recommendation
On the basis of current research project following recommendation could be made for Tesco
to cope with the issue of workplace discrimination and gender pay gap:
 Implication of Unbiased HR practises are recommended for Tesco as it ensures reduction
in gender pay gap through providing equal level of incentives and pay to all individuals
who belongs to same pay group without any discrimination on the basis of their genders.
Further, unbiased HR practises also ensures equal growth opportunity for all together
with fair promotion, bonus and other benefits in the organisation to cope with the issue of
workplace discrimination and lead to culture of equality.
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 Further, compliance with equality law like Equality act 2010, are also suggested for
Tesco as it facilitates a more strict and rigid guidance to develop an atmosphere of
equality through leading many legal consequences on its violation. Beside this, effective
communication and proper guidance form managers are also an effective way that can be
adopted by Tesco to cope with the issue of workplace discrimination and gender pay gap.
REFERENCES
Books and journal
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Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 21(5). pp.725-744.
Khan, H.U.R and et. al., 2017. Gender discrimination in education, health, and labour market: a
voice for equality. Quality & Quantity. 51(5). pp.2245-2266.
Alizai, A., Doneys, P. and Doane, D.L., 2017. Impact of gender binarism on Hijras’ life course
and their access to fundamental human rights in Pakistan. Journal of homosexuality.
64(9). pp.1214-1240.
von Gruenigen, V.E. and Karlan, B.Y., 2018. Sexual harassment in the work place: Its impact on
gynecologic oncology and women's health.
Palmieri, S., 2018. Gender-sensitive parliaments. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics.
Chen, D., Li, X. and Lai, F., 2017. Gender discrimination in online peer-to-peer credit lending:
evidence from a lending platform in China. Electronic Commerce Research. 17(4).
pp.553-583.
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Manuel, S.K and et. al., 2017. No rest for the stigmatized: a model of organizational health and
workplace sexism (OHWS). Sex Roles. 77(9-10). pp.697-708.
Fassiotto, M., Li, J., Maldonado, Y. and Kothary, N., 2018. Female surgeons as counter
stereotype: the impact of gender perceptions on trainee evaluations of physician faculty.
Journal of surgical education. 75(5). pp.1140-1148.
Harnois, C. E. and Bastos, J. L., 2018. Discrimination, harassment, and gendered health
inequalities: do perceptions of workplace mistreatment contribute to the gender gap in
self-reported health?.Journal of health and social behaviour. 59(2). pp.283-299.
Rogers, A.C., Wren, S.M. and McNamara, D.A., 2019. Gender and specialty influences on
personal and professional life among trainees. Annals of surgery. 269(2). pp.383-387.
Henning, M.A and et. al., 2017. Workplace harassment among staff in higher education: a
systematic review. Asia Pacific Education Review, 18(4), pp.521-539.
Kim, E. and Park, H., 2018. Perceived gender discrimination, belief in a just world, self-esteem,
and depression in Korean working women: A moderated mediation model. In Women's
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Wynn, A.T. and Correll, S.J., 2018. Combating gender bias in modern workplaces. In Handbook
of the Sociology of Gender (pp. 509-521). Springer, Cham.
Kartolo, A.B. and Kwantes, C.T., 2019. Organizational culture, perceived societal and
organizational discrimination. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International
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Rosenblat, A and et. al., 2017. Discriminating tastes: Uber's customer ratings as vehicles for
workplace discrimination. Policy & Internet. 9(3). pp.256-279.
Devaraj, S., Quigley, N.R. and Patel, P.C., 2018. The effects of skin tone, height, and gender on
earnings. PloS one. 13(1).
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Agénor, P.R., 2017. A computable overlapping generations model for gender and growth policy
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Online:
Michelle Seidel, 2019The Effects of Gender Discrimination in the Workplace.[Online].Available
through</https://smallbusiness.chron.com/effects-gender-discrimination-workplace-
2860.html//>.
Michael J. Coren, 2019..The roots of the gender pay gap are deeper than discrimination.
[Online]. Available through:<https://qz.com/1567008/the-systemic-reasons-why-the-
gender-pay-gap-increases-over-time/>
Oliver Staley, 2016..Things employers can do to improve gender equality at their workplace.
. [Online]. Available through:<https://qz.com/work/713048/12-things-employers-can-do-to-
improve-gender-equality-at-their-workplace//>
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Appendix 1: Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of gender discrimination that mainly prevails at
workplace of an organisation?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) How workplace discrimination impacts on employee performance and their attitudes
towards Tesco?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) No impact
Q3) What negative implication are lead by gender discrimination on overall behaviour and
performance of employees of Tesco?
a) Reduction in motivation level
b) Dissatisfaction and stress among employees
c) Hamper productivity and efficiency
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that gender discrimination create significant impact on
employee’s pay and incentives?
a) Agreed
b) Disagreed
Q5) What steps could be taken by Tesco to ensure reduction in workplace discrimination
and solve the issue of gender pay gap?
a) Transparent HR practises
b) Proper training and education
c) Effective communication
20

d) Compliance with equality law
Q6) How organisation treat male and female workers while considering promotion, bonus
and other benefits in the organisation?
a) Fairly
b) Unfairly
Q7) How human resource management of Tesco takes action against gender discrimination
at workplace to ensure better creation of equality?
Q8) What steps and actions could be taken by managers of Tesco to ensure more equality
and fairness among employees to reduce the chances of gender discrimination?
Q9) What are the possible advantages and benefits that can be availed by Tesco through
reducing the level of gender discrimination and creating culture equality at its workplace?
Q10) Any further recommendation for Tesco to cope with the issue of workplace
discrimination and gender pay gap?
Appendix 2: Proposal Form
Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title: “To evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts on employees pay”. A case study
on Tesco.
The main aim of the research is to analyse Workplace discrimination in UK.
Aim
The aim of this research work is, “ To develop better understanding about the concept of gender discrimination
together with its impact on performance and pay of employees”.
Research objectives:
 The objective of the research is to evaluate gender discrimination in Tesco that impact on employee
performance and morale in the organisation.
 To analyse gender discrimination based on male and female and employee pay gap based on gender
of employees.
 To identify how action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to facilitate
21

equality at workplace.
Research Question(s)
 How workplace discrimination impact on employee performance and their attitudes towards Tesco?
 How organisation treat male and female workers while considering promotion, bonus and other
benefits in the organisation?
 How human resource management of Tesco takes action against gender discrimination at workplace
to ensure better creation of equality?
Professional reason: The professional reason for equality and diversification is to understand how equality
and diversification impact on employee performance. In addition, it is to understand workplace
discrimination that employees faced based on their sex, age or other personal factors. It will help to apply in
professional career in the future.
Personal reason: Personal reason for understand how equality and diversification create a good working
environment and it impact on employee performance. It will help to apply in own business operation.
Section Three: Literature sources searched
 Books, Articles, company websites.
 Industry related and Newspapers magazines
 Primary and secondary research.
To evaluate gender discrimination in Tesco that impact on employee performance and morale in the
organisation
According to the view point of Mackrell Turner Garrett, 2016, Tesco is facing the issue of age and gender
discrimination from a long time that has created many negative implications and financial claims on it.
Gender discrimination is associated with high level of partiality and favouritism on the basis of sex and gender
of an individual that hamper the overall performance and efficiency level of employees of Tesco (Berrey,
Nelson and Nielsen, 2017).
To analyse gender discrimination based on male and female and employee pay gap based on gender of
employees.
As per the opinion of Lisa Martin, 2019, the level of gender discrimination and employees pay gap is
increasing with a rapid seed. The gender pay gap basically measures the difference between the average
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weekly full-time base salary earnings of both genders, expressed as a percentage of men’s earnings. Thus, It is
a measure of women’s overall position in the paid workforce and does not compare like roles. Therefore,
provide more clear and better information about the discrimination based in male and female within an
organisation (Colella and King, 2018).
To identify how action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to facilitate equality at
workplace
According to the view point of Jonathan A. Segal, 2015, there are various action taken by management of
Tesco against gender discrimination that includes strict action like demotion and penalties to reduce cases of
discrimination. Further, timely training and education is provide to senior leaders and managers to provide
better guidance and direction to employees to facilitate an atmosphere of equality. Beside this, Unbiased HR
practises and effective communication are also adopted by Tesco to promote equality at its workplace (Kalev,
2019).
Section Four: Activities and timescales
How long this will
take: approx 2
months
Milestone one: _________________
Target date (set by tutor): ____________________
Milestone two: _______________________
Target date (set by tutor): ______________________
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Gantt Chart
Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
Research approach are mainly related with the methods and techniques that are used by researcher to conduct a
research in more effective way (Kanze, Conley and Higgins, 2019).A description about selected research
method for current research work is provided below:
Research philosophy- Out of interpretivism and positivism research philosophy use of positivism is made
for current research as it facilitate more scientific and practical method for investigation.
Research approach- It is of two type i.e. deductive and inductive out of which use of deductive approach is
made as it provide better specialisation and generalisation of quantitative research method.
Research method- out of quantitative and qualitative research method use of quantitative has been made
for current investigation as it lead to better collection if data in numeric form and ensures effective
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presentation.
Instrument of data collection- use of questionnaire will be made as data collection instrument for current
research work.
Source of data collection- use of both primary and secondary resources are made for this research work to
collect authentic data directly from respondents together with support from secondary findings.
Sample method- use of random sampling is made to choose a sample size of 30 respondents from
employees of Tesco.
Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted for another qualification and is
appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker(IV sampling)
Comments (Optional):
I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV) Date
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Appendix 3: Research Ethics approval form
Section 1: Basic details:
Student name: Jahanara Miah
Student ID: HE 05762
Programme: Higher National Degree
College Name: Regent college
Intended research start date: 25/10/2019
Intended research end date: 24/01/2020
Section 2 Project summary
Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your project:
 Interviews Yes No
 Questionnaires Yes No
 Observations Yes No
 Use of personal records Yes No
 Data Analysis Yes No
 Action Research Yes No
 Focus Groups Yes No
 Others (Please specify):
Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where necessary.
Will your research involve human participants? Yes,
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: Young people aged: 17-18 Adults: √
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
The participants will be recruited through interview, questionnaire and focus group who will provide
effective and relative information regarding to the research.
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Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you are doing:
Using questionnaire and interviews process the researcher will describes about the report to the
participants.
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How will it be made clear to
participants that they may withdraw consent to participate at any time?
With verbal permission, the researcher will take permission.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of omitting questions that do not
wish to answer?
Yes
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be asked for their informed consent to
be observed.
Yes
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give them a brief explanation of the
study)?
Yes
Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?(This could be a brief summary of
your findings in general)
Yes
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance with the Data Protection Act
(1998)
Yes
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
The researcher only will have the authority to access on the research information.
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During the research:
Where will the data be stored?
In personal computer and devices, the information will be stored.
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes
If Yes, please provide further details:
Researcher personal mobile and laptop will be used in the research process.
After the research:
Where will the data be stored?
In personal laptop the data will be stored.
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
The data will be stored till the research complete its objectives.
Will data be kept for use by other researchers?
No
Section 5: Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise ethical concerns? If so, please
outline how you will deal with these:
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks that may arise because of your
research. Please consider/address all issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not
limited to the following:
 Informed consent.
 Potentially vulnerable participants.
 Sensitive topics
 Risk to participants and /or researchers
 Confidentiality/anonymity
 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing,
28

encryption, protection).
 Reporting
 Dissemination and use of your findings.
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s Research and Ethics Policy:
Yes
I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my Unit Tutor:
Yes
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of the ethical issues that may arise in the
course of my research
Referneces
Berrey, E., Nelson, R. L. and Nielsen, L. B., 2017. Rights on trial: How workplace
discrimination law perpetuates inequality. University of Chicago Press.
Colella, A. and King, E. eds., 2018. The Oxford handbook of workplace discrimination. Oxford
University Press.
Kalev, A., 2019. Rights on Trial: How Workplace Discrimination Law Perpetuates Inequality.
Kanze, D., Conley, M. A. and Higgins, E. T., 2019. The motivation of mission statements: How
regulatory mode influences workplace discrimination. Organizational Behavior and Human
Decision Processes
Online:
Jonathan A. Segal, 2015. 10 Tips to Fight Gender Discrimination . [Online] Available Through:<
https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/news/hr-magazine/pages/010215-gender-
discrimination.aspx>.
Lisa Martin, 2019. Gender pay gap: discrimination found to be most significant contributor to
inequality. [Online] Available Through:<
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/22/gender-pay-gap-discrimination-found-
to-be-most-significant-contributor-to-inequality >.
Mackrell Turner Garrett, 2016. Tesco faces age and gender discrimination claim in employment
case. [Online] Available Through:< https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?
g=376a55dc-c5c4-40d2-a6b1-fc652b0144df >.
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