Research Project: Gender Discrimination Impact on Tesco Employee Pay

This research project investigates the impact of gender discrimination on employee pay, using Tesco as a case study. The study begins with an introduction outlining the research's aim, objectives, and rationale, followed by a literature review exploring existing research on gender discrimination in the workplace, particularly within the retail sector. The methodology section details the research philosophy (positivism), approach (deductive), and methods, including both quantitative and qualitative data collection through questionnaires and potentially interviews. The data analysis and interpretation section presents findings from both quantitative and qualitative data, examining the gender pay gap, differences in treatment, and the actions taken by Tesco's management to address discrimination. The report concludes with a reflection on the research process, recommendations for alternative research methods, and suggestions for Tesco to improve workplace equality and address gender pay disparities, all based on the data analysis and literature review.

Research project
Table of Contents

Title: “To evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts on employees pay”.
A case study on Tesco......................................................................................................................1
A) INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
A.1) overview of research......................................................................................................1
A.2) Aim and Objective.........................................................................................................1
A.3) Rationale for research.....................................................................................................1
A.4) Research questions.........................................................................................................2
B) Literature review.........................................................................................................................2
C) Research methodology................................................................................................................5
D) Data analysis and Interpretation.................................................................................................9
D.1) Interpretation of quantitative data..................................................................................9
D.2) Interpretation of qualitative data..................................................................................15
E) Research outcomes....................................................................................................................16
Covered in PPT.....................................................................................................................16
F) Reflection and recommendations for alternative research methods..........................................16
F.1) Reflection......................................................................................................................16
F.2) Recommendations for alternative research methods....................................................17
G) Conclusion................................................................................................................................17
H) Recommendation......................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
Appendix 1: Questionnaire............................................................................................................20
Appendix 2: Proposal Form...........................................................................................................21
Appendix 3: Research Ethics approval form.................................................................................26

Title: “To evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts
on employees pay”. A case study on Tesco.
A) INTRODUCTION
A.1) overview of research
Tesco is a well known British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer
headquartered at England, UK that is offering a wide range of product and services to its
customers that consists of food, clothing, stationary, cosmetics, electronics, Technology and
gaming products, financial services etc (Heilman and Caleo, 2018). It is among one of the largest
retailer of world thus, employees a large number of workforces. At workplace of all organisation
issues of gender discrimination is quite common which is mainly associated with prejudiced
treatment of men and women based on their gender. This gender dissemination also facilitates
issue of gender pay gap that affects the pay and motivation level of employees which result in
inefficiency and hampered performance. Thus, following research in conducted in Tesco to
evaluate the concept of gender discrimination and how it impacts on employees pay.
A.2) Aim and Objective
Aim
The aim of this research work is, “ To develop better understanding about the concept of
gender discrimination together with its impact on performance and pay of employees”.
Research objectives
The main objectives of this research work conducted on Tesco are as follows:
 The objective of the research is to evaluate gender discrimination in Tesco that impact on
employee performance and morale in the organisation.
 To analyse gender discrimination based on male and female and employee pay gap based
on gender of employees (Khan, H.U.R and et. al., 2017).
 To identify how action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to
facilitate equality at workplace.
A.3) Rationale for research
The two main aspects and factors that make selection of this research project rational and
justifiable are provided below:
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Professional reason: It includes evaluating and getting better understanding about equality
and diversity at workplace together with its impact on performance of employees thus, it would
be helpful in future for better development of professional career.
Personal reason: The personal reason behind selecting this research topic includes the fact
that it meets the educational background and interest of researcher and ensures betterment in
skills and knowledge of investigator together with other interested scholars.
A.4) Research questions
Following research question would be addressed and evaluated through this research
work:
 How workplace discrimination impact on employee performance and their attitudes
towards Tesco?
 How organisation treat male and female workers while considering promotion, bonus and
other benefits in the organisation?
 How human resource management of Tesco takes action against gender discrimination at
workplace to ensure better creation of equality?
B) Literature review
This is the part of research report where it represent the discussion and critical analyzation
through published articles or sources of literature in a research topic (Alizai, Doneys. and Doane,
2017). A literature review is a complexive topic where the summary or description about the
research topic on the basis of reviewing with the aspect of surveys, scholarly articles, book and
online websites from which the sources of data information has been collected and it helps to
analyze is made the meeting the requirement and determining the nature of present research
topic. As the literature review is conduction on the implication of gender discrimination in the
workplace.
a) Identify the research to evaluate the gender discrimination in TESCO which provide
the impact on employee performance.
According to the Michelle Seidel, 2019. In the organization the work culture is to be having
sophisticated environment which allows the positivity in terms of coordination in work among
peers, better relationship with superior of employees, performance appraisal for affective
outcomes, enhancement of training to employees by getting new task which develop the skills
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and knowledge etc. The gender discrimination creates the conflict or barrier among the
organization and workforce by getting focuses the development only their perferences but not to
everyone where it arises the barriers by not getting noticed and specially it happen with women
when they work in the organization premises where men are getting noticed, appraised from
superiors or managers which enhanced the distraction in discrimination for not analyzing the
efficiency of others potential capabilities (von Gruenigen, and Karlan, 2018). As the context of
TESCO plc Company the gender discrimination challenges as the company is retailer industry in
United Kingdom where it allows the equality in the workforce environment which allows the
positivity work culture by which employees working day and night for company’s growth and
contributing their effective skills by making the task accomplish and provide the desirable
outcomes it directly enhanced the productivity of individual, but due to having a gender
discrimination in the organization it distract the employees mental distress in terms of health
issues not focuses in the work properly, if an individual is getting discriminated from his or her
superior it will destruct the higher capabilities what the individual has carry and create the
mental balanced totally disturb as in stress and depression in a while he or she can get into a
wrong ways such alcohol, drugs can get the career destroyed completely. Mental issues related
with health can be major concern for business owner who has unstable or disturbed by which
employee taking the negative actions in the workplace (Palmieri, 2018). Poor company can be a
disadvantage and it can be a part of gender discrimination where the potential employees are
getting moral support and appraisal but those are unwilling and needs a proper guidance they are
getting scold, yelling through superior not providing the morale support. Reducing the workforce
productivity if the company only highlighted the negative and unethical factor which can not
build or not increases the workforce productivity in fact, if company only focuses into profits but
not focuses in employees development it directly invites the less productivity which have to beer
the organization for the long term aspect.
As the above summarization of the review is context with the Tesco company that to
examine of gender discrimination in their premises it will directly create the impact on
workforce performances in terms of efficiency and mobility that creates the low productivity
influence as well as it also can create the unsatisfactory factor towards the individual
employee morale.
b) To analyze the gender Discrimination based on male and female as in employee gap.
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According to the Michael J, Coren, 2019. The gender discrimination at workplace is
having with the perspective of male and female criteria by which in organization there is
always giving the priorties toward s the male ones where the superior and other prediction
that which emphasis the efficiency has in men capabilities who handles the official task of
the oragnsiatiion but females having a low potential they are not supposed to interact nor to
operates the task of organization where it arises the gender discrimination through not getting
wages or salaries there is pay gap between male and female on which female are getting less
in terms of capabilities and judgment which is only prediction while men are getting more as
in wages and salaries, it comes from the decades where the women are not gets the enough
outcomes from organization but they have to face the discrimination against the modern
workplace (Chen, Li, and Lai., 2017). Harassed and other violation are stats to be unpaid and
the working women has tend to force by getting the lower wages.
As in Tesco company drawn the gender discrimination as per the based on the male and
female which actually creates the gap which making the presence of conflicts between male and
female workers in coordination work and not able to operating the time management during to
pursue the task and assignment.
c) To identify the action taken by management of Tesco against Gender discrimination to
facilitates the equality to workforce.
As per the opinion of Oliver Staley, 2016. By evaluation and analyzation of the situation
arises through gender discrimination in the organization where they allows the workforce to
continued the working culture effective but sometimes the workforce have to face the gender
discrimination in terms of not getting training properly toward the female staff rather than men
by allocating the proper balanced of gender equality where the treatment of workforce will be in
equal ways, as in Tesco plc company the elimination or fight against the gender discrimination
which creates the negativity in the workplace for removing the factor which can occur by
biasness, not having the proper compliances regarding with the women allowances and making
sure that all employees should get equal opportunity in the premises where they can coordinate
with each other which brings the effective managerial system towards the company growth, have
to minimize the gender pay gap it means if men are getting equal wages as per the designation
and performances there should be same equality treatment for women pay structure (Manuel and
et. al., 2017).
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As above discussion flows into over came from gender discrimination which can enhanced
the work equality into company like Tesco and increases the employees performances which
brings the productivity.
C) Research methodology
A research methodology facilitates a set of specific procedure and techniques which are
assorted by an researcher or expertise to evaluate and identify the process which has been
selected to analyze the information of data which gathered on a related research topic (Fassiotto,
Maldonado and Kothary, 2018). As this methodology is generates the about the process of
collection of data and after interpretation to attaining the objectives with optimum conclusion of
the research.
Research Philosophy:
It provides a belief about the ways in which data about the related topic are systematic
procedure of collection and analyzation by the researcher in terms of relevance information
about the research topic. It contains the two major types of philosophies which allows to mapped
the research data valuable factor are:
Positivism:It is a research Philosophy which is been used by the researcher to
considering the major prediction and observation of research results as it treats as Scientific form
of philosophy where it mapped on the highly framework method which is not much influenced
by researcher’s value and behavior (Harnois, and Bastos, 2018).
Interpretivism:According to the interpretivism research philosophy is determine the
only the collection and procurement of the precious and subjective data where it generates eth
better specification.
As for the above research there is use of Positivism research philosophy which is helps to
facilitates the new current research information and also provides the scientific method as for
evaluation and investigation about the data, while Interpretivism is not taking consider as it focus
only on subjective data of research which will not suitable for research point of view.
Research Approaches:
By formally represent the process and strategic plan which assort to research and
involves couple of steps as well as the practical assumption for effective method in the aspect of
data procurement and gathered with detailed interpretation. A research approach complies the
two major factor of approaches which are elaborated below:
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Deductive: This research approach is involves the better selecting theory which is opted
and improvised by hypothesis which elaborate the theory and analyzation the data collection on
the aspect given hypothesis (Rogers, Wren and McNamara, 2019). Therefore, the deductive
approach main focus is to analysis the theory through sort of the testing.
Inductive: The approach of research is focuses with the generation of new theory that
emerging from the providing data, and this approach is provides the logical form of process
through multiple assumption and premises which are involved for compiled the specific
conclusion research.
The above discussion of research there is optimum use of Deductive approach by which it
provides the better specialization and specification on the basis of hypothesis in the aspect of
quantitative research method while researcher has not selected the Inductive approach where it
determine of new theory aspect which mix within data that will not provide any productive
towards the research.
Research method:
A research method is generates the compliance manner of planning for conduct and
attaining the objectives of any particular research. There are the two main types of research
method which helps to facilitates the form of data collection as well as the avability:
Qualitative method: By using of this method it is formatted by researcher when the
research wants the depth and theoretical knowledge about the data which reflect the attitude and
behavior of the respondent participation on the basis of purpose of research is collected (Henning
and et. al., 2017).
Quantitative Method:According to this research method the research collects the data in
the form of numeric and arithmetic which represent the data information as in graphical units
numbers and also shows the brief perspective of participant but not aspect of the depth
knowledge about research topic.
For this research the use of Quantitative research method for reason to leads by providing
the present scenario investigation and evaluation for better procurement and collection of data in
numeric format which also ensures the effective presentation. As there is not presence of
Qualitative research as such it only generates the detailed information towards the research
objectives.
Gantt Chart:
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A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar graph presentation in a graphical framework of
significant task and steps related which are related to the research. Gantt chart is also facilitates
time intervals for each and every task by which it helps to making and effective understanding
about the particular objective related to task and requirement of resource which is completely
fulfilling of work identification as it own data basis and pros and cons (Kim, and Park, 2018).
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Sources of data Collection:
It naturally present the beginning of the data from where the data is actually collected or
the prevention about the data specification. There is a important source of data collection which
helps to identify the authentic framework of data is suitable are explain below:
Primary Source:The collection from this source is generates the first hand information
of collection about data which is scrutinizing by researcher through self assessment examine of
data by the sources of interview, survey, questionnaires, feedbacks etc (Wynn and Correll, 2018).
Secondary Source: According to this sources it generates the accessibility and mobility
about data investigation and collection through other resources which having the existence in the
other research framework where the data is been come through documents, newspaper, websites,
articles etc. As secondary method is one of the easier method to collection of data very
significantly where it helps to use to make research effectively.
As for the discussion about the source of data collection is basically uses of both primary
and secondary where the data of which evaluate through the questionnaire and other self
assessment factors, while the secondary method is for scrutinizing the findings which has
evaluated through research in the giving information.
Instrument used of data collection:
The using of instrumental of data collection of current research is a questionnaire where
set of 10 questions is related to the topic of gender discrimination as the researcher has been tried
the process of questionnaire conduct through face to face interview but it was not possible due
the Covid-19 where it creates the conflict to conduct the interview process by which the
questionnaire is optimum and suitable solution for selecting as instrument and create the
effective analyzation with the aspect of research data.
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Questionnaire:
It is an process of written document where the set of questions is related to respective
topic on the basis of conduction of research and gathering of data through the participation of
respondent (Kartolo and Kwantes, 2019). The questionnaire used for current research is attached
at the end of file in the appendix.
Sampling Method:
A sampling method is assorted by an individual researcher for to choose or selected pre
existing considering the number of units and the detailed observation with the motive of
analyzation of data effectively which has been opted from the larger population. As for this
particular research there is opted for Simple Random sampling where it provides to optimum
chances for all observation and selection is fully dependable on probability basis and not
appearing of the biasness factor (Rosenblat, A and et. al., 2017). As this sampling method is
implement on the “concept of gender discrimination at the workplace” where it takes 30
respondent of the workforce of Tesco company.
D) Data analysis and Interpretation
D.1) Interpretation of quantitative data
Use of pie charts and frequency table are made for analysis and evaluation of quantitative
data a discussion about which is provided below:
Theme 1: Concept of gender discrimination
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of gender discrimination that
mainly prevails at workplace of an organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 26
b) No 4
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