BA5LL57O: Gender Discrimination's Influence on Performance at M&S

This research proposal investigates the influence of gender-based discrimination on employee performance within Marks and Spencer. It begins with an introduction highlighting the negative impact of gender discrimination on employee effectiveness and organizational efficiency. The research aims to examine the influences of gender-based discrimination on the performance of employees through a case study on Marks & Spencer, addressing questions related to the concept of gender discrimination, its influence on employee performance, and the issues faced by both employees and management. The literature review explores the concept of gender-based discrimination, its influence on employee performance, and the issues faced by employees and management. The methodology section discusses the research philosophy, data collection methods (primary data collection using questionnaires), sampling techniques (random sampling of 30 respondents), and considerations for validity and reliability. Finally, the proposal outlines the resources required, including a timeline of 4-6 months and a budget of 100-200 pounds, and the action plan, incorporating work breakdown structures and Gantt charts for effective project management.

Research proposal

Contents
Title: The influence of gender-baseddiscrimination on the performance of employee withinMarks and
Spencer....................................................................................................................................................4
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................4
Research Aim:.........................................................................................................................................5
Research question....................................................................................................................................5
Literature Review........................................................................................................................................5
Methodology...............................................................................................................................................7
Resources required and action plan.............................................................................................................8
.................................................................................................................................................................. 10
References................................................................................................................................................11
Books & Journals..................................................................................................................................11

Title: The influence of gender-baseddiscrimination on the performance of employee
withinMarks and Spencer.
Introduction
Gender based discrimination also known as sexual discrimination acts as an effective action plan
which denies the opportunity, privileges or rewards of aperson on the basis of their gender. It has
been said that discrimination amongthe workplace arise as individuals working within the
organization are not handled equally and discriminate them on the basis of color, gender,
nationality and many more. Because of discrimination on the gender, performance of employees
might affect negatively which reduces the overall efficiency andeffectiveness of the organization.
Therefore,it has been said that management team needs to create discrimination free working
environment so each and every individuals can perform their work more efficiently and
effectively. In the present research, Marks and Spencer is chosen as the base organization. Itis a
British multinational organizationwhose headquarters is located in London,England. Marksand
Spencer is an organization mainly deals in selling home and food products as well as clothing

products. In order to conduct the whole research in an effective manner, aimand objectives are
developed along with the rational of research. In addition to this, literature review is a section
which will assist in gathering data and information relatedto the specific topic.
Rational of the research
Behindevery research there are some reasons due to which the whole investigation is conducted.
Each and every research have their own reason and impact which needs to be considered by the
researchers while conducting the whole investigation. One of the main reason is related with
personal interest of theinvestigator towards this chosetopic.As they saydiscrimination at their
workplace on the basis of gender, researcher wants to do a research with the help of which they
can easily reduce the impact of such factors. In addition to this, another reasonis to enhance their
own skills, knowledge and capabilities which will create futures opportunities. These are the
main reasons behind conducting the whole investigation so that both society and researcher itself
gain benefits from this.
Research Aim:
Aim of the research is “To examinethe influences of gender based discrimination on the performance of
employees.” A casestudy on Mark’s and Spencer.
Research Questions:
 To identify the concept of gender based discrimination.
 To know the influence of gender based discrimination onthe performance of employees.
 Todeterminethe issues faced by employeesand management team of Mark’s and Spencerdueto
gender based discrimination.
Research question
 Whatdo you know about the concept of gender based discrimination?
 Whatis the influence of gender based discrimination on the performance of employees?
 Whatare the issues faced by employees and management team of Mark’s and Spencer due to
gender based discrimination?

Literature Review
Literature review refersto a systematic procedureas well as comprehensive summary aboutthe
last study conductedon a particular area of the study. There are ample number of different
sources which are needed by theinvestigator in order to collect secondary based data and
information. Main aim behind conducting this is to examine the gaps within previous research so
that the whole investigation will be concluded in an effective manner
Concept of gender-based discrimination
As per the point of view of Joan Wallach Scott, 2018 Gender discrimination is a bias
predominate the workforce. The law is broke when in an organization female employee is
dominated due to their gender. Workplace gender discrimination is really complicated thing now
a days. Gender discrimination is basically taking place in organization when employees are
treated differently as per their gender or male and female. Gender discrimination describes the
situation in which people are treated differently simply because they are male or female, rather
than on the basis of their individual skills or capabilities.Discrimination based on gender is a
common civil rights violation that takes many forms, including sexual harassment, pregnancy
discrimination, and unequal pay for women who do the same jobs as men. Gender discrimination
laws also protect the rights of transgender individuals. Sex or gender discrimination in
employment involves treating someone unfavorably because of the person’s gender, whether
they are applying for a job or are a current employee. Although women have made clear they
have the ability to perform with the same skill and success in every endeavor engaged in by men,
the issue of gender discrimination still holds many backs. Sex or gender discrimination is
treating individuals differently in their employment specifically because an individual is a
woman or a man. If you have been rejected for employment, fired, or otherwise harmed in
employment because of your sex or gender, then you may have suffered sex or gender
discrimination. The term “gender” for the collection of characteristics that are culturally
associated with maleness or femaleness. Discrimination is generally illegal regardless of whether
it is based on sex, or gender, or both sex and gender.
Influence of gender-based discrimination on the performance of employee

According to CS Stamarski - 2015 - Gender discrimination create negative impact on employees
of an organization. This affect the performance of employees because they feel biasness at
workplace. Sometimes gender discrimination also affects the staff members or employee’s health
it can be their mental health or physical health because employee could be treated unfavorable
this affect their health in negative way. Sex or Gender discrimination sometimes affect the
employee’sconfidence this demotivate employees because managers or leaders could not focus
on them. Because of discrimination at workplace with this employee lose their interest in work
this affect the performance of employees as well as performance of or4ganization. Inequality
sometimes affects the employees in such a negative way that they take wrong step for the
organization.In an organization sometimes female employees faced more discrimination than
male employees this create negative impact on female employees and also affect the image of the
company
Issues faced by employees and management team of Mark’s and Spencer due to gender based
discrimination
As per the point of view of Siltanen, 2020 Employees and managers faced some issues related
to gender discrimination in Mark and Spencer like many female or male employees faced
inflexible work arrangement this define when employees that there is no fixed time or the time is
imperfect for some employees. Inequal pay in Marks and Spencer some employees faced inequal
pay or pay gap issue some male employees get higher pay than the female employees working at
the same position this decrease the motivation of employees. Unequal pay this is also an issue in
Mark and Spencer gender pay reporting, this is one of the most pressing of sexism in the
workplace.Unfavorable recruitment strategy sometimes company adopt this strategy and do
biasness this is a big issue of any company which creates negative impact on employee’s
performance. Different opportunities sometimes Mark and Spencer create issue they give more
opportunity to their favorite employees and this time ignore their unfavorable employees this
also an example of gender inequality or discrimination.Redundancies treating female employees
unequally in various organizations people thing that women are not that much capable then a
man this is biasness with female employees give negative impact on female employees of an
organization.Bias: Showing preferential treatment towards male colleagues over female ones,

such as in promotions or day-to-day conversation.Sexual harassment an act of gross misconduct,
this behaviour towards men or women can have serious consequences.Holding sexist views:
Promoting outdated views about men or women, such as outdated gender stereotypes.
Methodology
Research philosophy deals with the source, nature and development of knowledge. In simple
terms, a research philosophy is belief about the ways in which data about a phenomenon should
be collected, analyzed and used.The research philosophy will reflect the author’s important
assumptions and these assumptions serve as base for the research strategy. Generally, research
philosophy has many branches related to a wide range of disciplines.Inorder to collect data and
information related to a specific topic, there are primary and secondary method with the help of
which researcher can easily gather data. In the present research, primary data collection method
is adopted by investigator where survey, questionnaires, observationare used by researcher.
Therefore, in the current investigation, using primary method for collecting information is
adopted where questionnaires is opted by the investigator to collect information in an effective
and appropriate manner. The term questionnaire usually refers to self-administrated process
where by respondents themselves reads the questions and records answer without any assistance.
Sampling the sample is collected for research is a sub set of population being studied. It
represented by the large population and is used to draw inferences about that population. In the
current investigation, 30 respondents are chosen by the researcher with the help of random
sampling method so that they can easily gather sufficient information to conclude the research.
Theselected respondents are the stakeholders of the organization and the reason behind choosing
them is that they are associated with the profitability of the company. It is a research technique
widely used in social science as a way to gather information about a population without having
to measure the entire population. Validity refers to how accurately a method measures what it is
intended to measure. If research has high validity, that means it produces results that correspond
to real properties, characteristics, and variations in the physical or social world. Reliability refers
to how consistently a method measure something. If the same result can be consistently achieved
by using the same methods under the same circumstances, the measurement is considered
reliable.Limitation in research refers to accomplish on time and in accurate frame. Although the
idea of knowledge creation may appear to be profound, you are engaged in knowledge creation
as part of completing your dissertation. You will collect secondary and primary data and engage

in data analysis to answer the research question and this answer marks the creation of new
knowledge.
Resources required and action plan
In order to conduct the whole investigation in an appropriate manner, there are ample number of
factors which needs to be considered by the researchers so they can produce positive outcomes.
For doing a research on a particular topic, it is quite essential to decide a set time period which
will help in creating more value to the investigation. In the present context, the time period
which is estimated by the researcher is 4-6 months.With the assistance of this, investigator can
easily be performed their work as they have specific time period. Apart from this, for doing the
whole research in an appropriate manner, different types of sources are required which includes
data collection and analytical method which is one of the most important factor. Finance is
required to be one of the most essential element which provide assistance to complete the whole
task in a positive manner and within given time period. In order to complete the whole research
in an effective manner around 100-200 pounds are required so that the whole investigation will
be done in an effective and appropriate manner. This whole cost of the research consist of travel
cost, stationary cost, salary of team members and many more.In order to conduct the whole
research in an appropriate manner and complete iton given time frame, work break down
structure is mainly adopted by the investigators. This tool help in dividing the whole research or
complex task into different small sections so that team members can effectively attain their pre
defined targets. These targets are also known as milestones which help in fulfilling all the targets
on a timely manner.
Gantt Chart

It is a tool commonly used by researcher in order to identify the overall performance of the
research. With the aid of this method investigator can easily examine the status of their activities
that whether they are on track or not. Gantt Chart is a graphical representation which includes
estimated time period for completing the whole research in an effective manner.

References
Books & Journals
Siltanen, J., 2020. Locating gender: Occupational segregation, wages and domestic
responsibilities. Routledge.

Galli, E. and Rossi, S.P., 2016. Bank credit access and gender discrimination: some stylized
facts. In Financial Crisis, Bank Behaviour and Credit Crunch (pp. 111-123). Springer, Cham.
Blau, F.D., 2016. Gender, inequality, and wages. OUP Catalogue.
Lawson, A., 2016. European Union non-discrimination law and intersectionality: investigating
the triangle of racial, gender and disability discrimination. Routledge.
Tian, X., Yu, X. and Klasen, S., 2018. Gender discrimination in China revisited: A perspective
from family welfare. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 16(1), pp.95-115.
Schmitz, S., 2017. Race and gender discrimination across urban labor markets. Routledge.
Beaurain, G. and Masclet, D., 2016. Does affirmative action reduce gender discrimination and
enhance efficiency? New experimental evidence. European Economic Review, 90, pp.350-362.