Research Project on Gender Equality in Leadership and Management

This research project investigates the impact of gender equality in leadership and management on employee attitudes and behaviors, using Marks and Spencer as a case study. The study explores the importance of gender equality in the workplace, examining its influence on motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance. The research includes a literature review covering the phenomena of managing gender equality, its need and importance, and its impact on employee behavior. The methodology section outlines the research philosophy, approach, and data collection methods. The findings highlight the significance of gender equality in creating a positive work environment, stopping discrimination, and boosting employee morale. The report also discusses strategies for better management of gender equality in leadership, such as fostering positive work scenarios, improving communication, eliminating gender pay gaps, and prioritizing work-life balance. The research concludes with recommendations for Marks and Spencer to ensure gender equality and improve employee outcomes.

Unit 11 - Research
Project
Executive Summary
The current research project is based on the topic of Gender Equality in Leadership and
Management. A research work on Marks and Spencer whcih laed better information about need

and importnce if Geder equlaity at workplace. Furthers, current reserch work incudes a
decsription about the set obectuves thrugh literautre revwi along with evalution of reserch
methodolgues to conduct curret investigation. Furthers, a primary resercah is also conducted for
whcih data is collected with the help if questionnarie.

Table of Contents

Research Topic: Gender Equality in Leadership and Management. A research
work on Marks and Spencer
Chapter 1: Introduction
Background to the study
Gender equality is basically associated with leading access to same rewards, resources and
opportunities irrespective of gender that consist of providing equal pay for work of equal or
comparable value along with equality in all other aspects of Work (Flynn, Haynes and Kilgour,
2017). Thus, gender equality is a vital aspect at workplace to lead motivation and better job
satisfaction in employees to enhance their performance and efficiency. Therefore, the current
research work is conducted on Marks and Spencer that is famous retailer of UK in order to
evaluate about the impact of Gender Equality in Leadership and Management on attitude and
behaviour of employees at workplace.
Research aim and objectives
Research aim
The main aim associated with undertaking of current research project is, “To evaluate
about the impact of Gender Equality in Leadership and Management on attitude and
behaviour of employees at workplace. An investigation conducted on Marks & Spencer
FENCHURCH STREET, London and England.
Research Objectives
The main objectives behind conducting current investigation on Marks and Spencer are
stated as follows:
 To get deep insight into the phenomena of managing Gender Equality in Leadership and
Management along with its need and importance.
 To evaluate about the impact of Gender Equality in Leadership and Management on
attitude and behaviour of employees at workplace of Marks and Spencer.
 To determine the possible ways through which better management of Gender Equality
Leadership could be ensured by Marks and Spencer.
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Rationale for the research
The selection of current investigation topic is rationale as it lead to better information
about the crucial aspects of gender equality that is vital for all organisation to have higher
motivation and performance level. Thus, this research work is rationale from view point of an
organisation and meets professional aspects of investigator. Furthers, it also fulfils the academic
and educational criteria of researcher thus, meet personal objectives along with leading better
managerial skills.
Research questions
 What is meant by the phenomena of managing Gender Equality in Leadership and
Management along with its need and importance?
 What impact is lead by Gender Equality in Leadership and Management on attitude and
behaviour of employees at workplace of Marks and Spencer?
 What are the possible ways through which better management of Gender Equality
Leadership could be ensured by Marks and Spencer?
Chapter 2: Literature review
A formation of a specific review or making the detailed assessment of any article as to
related within the research topic. It is scrutinize through many sources like scholarly paper,
newspaper some online articles or web page of any books or document which comprise the
present scenario of facts and findings along with to investigate the knowledge to contribution to
a particular topic (Klein, 2016). As the literature review is preparing is to evaluate the impact of
gender equality in leadership and management regarding attitude and behaviour of employee at
their workplace by considering the organisation within the Marks and Spencer’s company,
London.
To get deep insight into the phenomena of managing Gender Equality in Leadership and
Management
As on the opinion of the Olivia Kyriakidou, 2011. The description about the gender equality
is to manage within the proper systematic approach to organized and operate by the manager of
the organization as well as it helps to brings the equality opportunity to every one as per the
performance it evaluated of an individuals competencies. Leadership and management are plays
and important role in it to prescribed the work and environment is proper having a positive
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platform where employees can generates the favorable outcomes, existing times there happens to
not facilitating the opportunity to perform at workplace to women as well as those employees
who are under performed on that scenario as they get gains the job dissatisfaction and they quite
from eth job duties with this discrimination can create the business environment. The importance
and essential of proper leadership and management is optimized the systematic approached that
allows to the identifying the lacking part where organization disturbs as per their working
compliances are not proper regulated (Madsen and Scribner, 2017).
As per the perspective of Marks and Spencer’s company is the United Kingdom Based
company where it involves the better outsources of gender equality where they driven the better
working condition and provides the optimized of positive tea work in which employees get
satisfied by gaining equal opportunity, as the company having the effective source of leadership
and management where they scrutinized the weakness and work on that by providing the
optimum training and instruction to way process to deliver the job in a optimum way of process
(Ortenblad, Marling and Vasiljevic, 2017).
Need and importance of gender equality in Leadership and Management
As per the view point of Nicolson, P., 2015, gender equality is highly needed and important
for an orgnisation as it leads to creation of more positive workplace environment through
keeping a check on cases of sexual harassment at place of work. Further, Gender equality is
necessary and important at workplace to stop discrimination and act of violence and mall-
treatment towards women and providing equal and fair chances of job opportunity. Apart from
this implication of gender equality is also vital and important to boost morale and confidence
level of all employees through leading a positive and discrimination free work environment
where all candidates are treated Fairley and equally. Gender equality is simply important and
vital for economies to ensure that both genders i.e. male and females have an access to the same
and equal level of opportunities within organisation on the basis of their skills and capabilities.
Thus, Gender equality in management and leadership is about the same behaviours along with
same valued, respect, acknowledged and equal treatment at place of work regardless of their
gender which lead a more productive and effective workplace environment.
To Interpret about the impact of the gender equality in Leadership and management on
behavior and attitude of employees at workplace in Marks and Spencer’s company.
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According to the perception of the Louise Petty, 2016. There is a stimulus of gender equality
within the supports of leadership and management as on the employees behavior and attitude that
they involve more and more actively participants in business activities, better team coordination
to working with other peers for making the task productive, As it most important to provides the
equal opportunity in premises where they perform and contributes the efficiency of work that
will enhanced the positive outcomes. Through the systematic approach of mapping the attributes
of individual which is related to the resembles workplaces, regardless, of weather in organization
having one, two or hundred employees are working there should be effective equality and
diversity in division of work as well as in decision making also, the agenda of this process is to
makes assurance that every employees get equal opportunity and fair judgment on the basis of
their performances (Nicolson, 2015).
Within the context of the Marks and Spencer’s company their leadership and management
are very effective and efficient enough as they get customized with their traits and skills of
workforce and information shared within them to how to having better positive factor to deliver
the exceptional performances. The equality upbringing the golden opportunities and provides the
neutral outcomes without any errors while the diversity having a advantages which helps to
develop the business in terms of infrastructure, training to new employees, generating the
external source of opportunities to existing employees where they can promote their skills and
knowledge as well as their creativity, visions in the market, to attain or accomplish to pitch the
idea to more and more consumers it will increasing the productivity specification (Mendez and
Busenbark, 2015).
By making determining about the possible outcomes which allows the better management of
gender equality which ensured in Marks and Spencer’s.
On the behalf of the Somen Mandel, 2020. Through the various outcomes is generates about
the gender equality in the organization premises within their demonstration of the performances
and superiors or top level of management if they allows the better positive scenario as in Marks
and Spencer’s company basically considered about the workforce ensures that there should be all
guidance provided to them related with service providing to the consumer as well as resources
are monitored that it is assorted by optimum utilization within the premises of the organization.
For evaluating significant strategies which influence the gender equality are:
 By facilitating the better and positive working scenario towards their workforce.
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 Having a good sort of communication skills within peers and superior that will
optimisation the better relationship.
 To elimination the gender pay gap according to the men and women as all employees
should get equal pay as per their competencies.
 Prioritise to maintain the work life balance as per their professional and personal
aspects of activities (Haile, Emmanuel and Dzathor, 2016).
 Enhancement of rewards system as well as the appraisal system should be formulated
by effective human resource manager to providing importance to every ones work
that they contributing as their high skills to accomplish the organisational task.
 Eliminate or having the strict compliance laws in organisation premises related with
the violence, harassment to get destructed.
As per above highlighted some of the points are regulated towards by making of gender
equality rules in the Marks and Spencer’s company perspective where they abide the rules and
enhanced the gender equality to make their working aspect in positive aspects (Araujo and
Tejedo-Romero, 2018).
Research Findings
As per the above mention factors of literature review findings related with Gender
Equality is having more critical aspects that driven in situation based in premises of organisation
perspective as there is equal opportunity scenario in the environment, introducing the laws and
regulations which represent the benefits and security based of employees get enhanced through
the company visions and appraised the work outcomes through proper leadership and
management that driven to provides the effective managers to making the proper fair judgment
of the workforce work in the entire organisation environment.
Chapter 3: Methodology and Data Collection
A research methodology facilitates a group of precise process and systematic approach
which are assorted of researcher or expertise to making monitored the particular process and
analysis the information is gathered and evaluated for reaching the outcomes and for accomplish
the research conclusion.
Research Philosophy
Positivism: According to the researcher they determined on to pursuing the predicting
and observing for attaining research outcomes.
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Interprevistism: As on this manner is used by researcher for collecting the precious
amount of the data which represent some sort of subjective featured information (Burton, 2015).
For above summarization as researcher is assorted the Positivism research philosophy as
it will represent the assumption about the research data as per the outcomes while the
interpretivism will focus to collects the high range featured of the data information.
Research Approach
Deductive: By approaching this method on the basis of hypothesis as in representing the
developing theory that formatted and analysation the data on the driven hypothesis.
Inductive: The manner of this systematic approach where the researcher is more
considerate for the generating the new theory which produce the logical formation of method as
well as specific conclusion.
By evaluating the research approach the researcher is been considered the Deductive
approach for the where it shows the improvised theory with the detailed analysation of selective
hypothesis as where the inductive will not selected by reason is formulated it will provide the
new theory which is not suitable for researcher (Burke and Richardsen, 2016).
Research Method
Qualitative Method: Through this method it is structured as for the point of view
researcher wants to inputs the detailed knowledge about research information.
Quantitative Method: By this method of research the researcher keen to scrutinize the
numeric form of data where to implement in research outcomes for attainment as well as it will
represent the brief perspective of respondent (Bush, Bell and Middlewood, 2019).
As per the above research method the researcher is considerate the Quantitative research
method for making the research in arithmetic format to better analysation about research
outcomes.
Gantt Chart
The formation of the Gantt chart is representation of research facts and findings about
bar, graphical presentation which will allows transparency of involved the cost and time interval
incurred for conducting the research in simplicity of its featured (Rhee and Sigler, 2015).
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Source of data collection
Primary Source: As on the framework of this researcher is scrutinize the data
information through self-efforts through assorting techniques such as in interview, survey etc.
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Secondary Source: By utilisation this source of data collection by implement the other
research data information from various medium such as Books, Documents, Literatures, online
websites (Lundberg, 2018).
As through this on the researcher there is used of both primary and secondary where the
framing of questionnaire the information scrutinize different own strategic and secondary for
making the facts and findings assort from qualitative method.
Sampling Method:
On the sampling method there is using of Simple Random Sampling for where the
researcher pointing out the information randomly information about respondent objectives.
Sample Size: The consideration of sampling size as 25 respondent of workforce
from Marks and Spencer’s company where to evaluation of their behaviour and attitude.
Instrument Used: The techniques assort as in instrument that is form of Questionnaires
(Festing, Kornau and Schäfer, 2015). The below stated questionnaire is used for current
investigation in order to collect data from selected 25 respondents on the topic of Gender
Equality in Leadership and Management.
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you agreed with the fact that, managing Gender Equality in Leadership and
Management is essential and beneficial for an organisation?
a) Agreed
b) Disagreed
c) Neutral
Q2) What possible negative implication and issues would be faced by Marks and Spencer if
there is lack of Gender Equality in Leadership and Management at its workplace?
a) Inequality contributes to harassment
b) Felling of stress and de-motivation
c) High employee turnover
d) Reduction in productivity
Q3) What are the possible ways through which better management of Gender Equality
Leadership could be ensured by Marks and Spencer?
a) Fair HR prcatises
b) Promoting participative management
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