Impact of Gender Diversity on Employee Performance at Toyota

This report presents a research project investigating the impacts of gender diversity and equality on employee performance, with a specific focus on Toyota. The introduction highlights the importance of equality and diversity in the workplace, setting the context with a background on Toyota and a previous lawsuit related to racial discrimination. The research aims to explore the impacts of equality and diversity on employee productivity, identifying factors associated with workplace discrimination, understanding the benefits of promoting gender equality, analyzing the effects of discrimination, and recommending strategies to resolve challenges. The literature review examines factors associated with discrimination, the benefits of promoting gender equality, the effects of discrimination, and strategies to reduce challenges. The report also outlines the research methodology, including qualitative and quantitative research methods, to gather and analyze data. The conclusion and recommendations summarize the key findings and suggest ways to improve diversity and equality within the company.

Research Project
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Producing research proposal supported by literature review.......................................................4
Research question........................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................5
Research methodology.................................................................................................................5
primary and secondary research methods for business research project and their costs, access
and ethical issues.........................................................................................................................7
Application of appropriate analytical tools to analyze research findings and data...................10
conclusion and recommendation...............................................................................................31
Effectiveness of research methods for meeting objectives of business research project...........32
Alternative research methodologies and lessons learnt in outcomes.........................................34
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................35
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Topic- Identification of impacts of gender diversity and equality on employees’ performance.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity can be key of the success of an organization. Equality at workplace
means making sure by company that all employees whether they are male, females, older,
younger are getting equal opportunities as well as treated in an equal manner. On the other hand,
diversity means taking account of all differences between workforce or group of people and
giving them positive values as whether they are from different cultures, race and others. Overall
it can be said that giving fair and equal opportunities to all employees is known as equality and
diversity which play an important role (Palacios, 2016). By promoting diversity and equality at
workplace in all manner can allow company in retaining employees, motivate them, make them
able to support company in meeting their goals. On the other hand, if an organization does not
give equal treatment to their employees then it can increase employees’ turnover rate which can
have negative impact on its image and reputation. So, it can be said that all sectors of company
should focus on promoting equality.
Research background
This present study of gender equality and diversity is based on Toyota which is a
Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in the year
of 1937. It has around 364,445 employees and operates worldwide. In this context, it is stated
that this company was filed a lawsuit against racial discrimination and it affected its image in a
negative manner (Racial Discrimination at Toyota, 2016). For regaining image it is important for
this company to promote equality and diversity at workplace and accomplish all goals.
This present study is going to show importance of managing equality at workplace and in
which manner it can make beneficial to employees and employers as well. Further, it will also
show some barriers and problems which company often face while promoting diversity at
workplace along with some ways and theories of removing all those barriers (Thompson, 2017).
Further, it will also show effectiveness of research methodology in conducting research and
making it successful. Data collection and findings also allows researcher in accomplishing the
main aim for which study is being conducted.
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P1 Producing research proposal supported by literature review
Aim- “To explore impacts of equality and diversity on employees’ productivity along with ways
to improve it. A case study on Toyota”.
Objectives
 To identify factors or cause associated with workplace discrimination.
 To understand impacts or benefits of promoting gender equality and diversity in
improving performance of company.
 To analyze effects of discrimination in workplace.
 To recommend some techniques to resolve problems which occur while implementing
diversity at workplace.
Research question
1. What are some factors associated with discrimination at workplace?
2. How gender equality and diversity can make beneficial to company?
3. Which effects can discrimination have in workplace and performance of employees?
4. Which strategies can help company in reducing challenges while promoting diversity at
workplace?
Rationale
Equality and diversity is one of the main hot topic which cannot only help companies in
knowing its importance and effectiveness but it can also allow students and people to know
reason of promoting it at all stages in life. Promoting equality and diversity can help companies
in accomplishing their goals, becoming the market leader and taking competitive advantages. So,
it is one of the main reasons of conducting this. Other main reason of conducting research on this
topic is to prevent employees against discrimination at workplace because it affects their mental
and physical health to the great extent (Agosti and et.al., 2019). So, the main reason behind
conducting this research is promoting diversity at workplace and motivating employees. Helping
out companies in increasing staff retention rate is other main reason. So, it can be said that by
making companies and people aware about importance of equality, this study is being conducted.
Research problem
Conducting research is not an easy task as there are several problems may occur such as
changes in internal and external business environmental factors. Lack of financial resources, lack
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of human resources, stationery can affect effectiveness of the project. In addition, changes in
climate, political conditions can delay in the submission of projects. Getting effective sources of
collecting informations relevant to the topic can also be challenging.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theme 1: Factors or cause associated with equality and diversity
According to the view of Wenzel and et.al., (2019) there are several bases on which
companies discriminate their employees and one of the main factor which is associated with
discrimination is gender. It is stated that females as compare to males get discriminated in some
manner like lower pay than males, lower promotional opportunities, employment opportunities,
sexual harassment etc. There are several bases on which people do not provide equal treatment
such as gender and it is one of the main discrimination for which many companies were filed
lawsuit. To analyze effects of discrimination in workplace.
Wiggins-Romesburg and Githens, (2018) argued and said that resistance of employees is
one of the main cause of discrimination. Local employees of organization resist to manager to
employing people of other cultures and other backgrounds, They have fear of losing promotional
and other opportunities and it creates barriers in successful promoting diversity. Williams,
Brooks and Shmargad, (2018) stated that according to them lack of having policies within
organization is the main cause and factor associated with discrimination. It also creates barriers
in promoting equality and providing equal treatment to all people.
Theme 2-Impacts or benefits of promoting gender equality and diversity in improving
performance
As per the views of Guest, Panayotopoulou and Chytiri, 2017), impacts or benefits of
promoting stronger range of gender equality and diversity can be seen with improving company
performance horizons widely, also to yield stronger goal development within new goals.
Companies by focusing further on equality and diversity within workforce, will be able to yield
higher strength goals imperatively on wider aspects on stronger goal development. Employees
feel motivated within higher range of diversity among work goals profoundly, for technical
evaluated goals widely and also on wider work diversity. Equality and diversity enables business
efficacy to be worked on larger formation of new efficacy aspects, also to promote stronger
development among new efficacy goals widely. The impacts of equality and diversity within
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workforce is strong as retaining synergy is strong on overall goals profoundly for higher
profound innovation and upscale targets.
Egan, (2018) contradicted and said that as per their views, they think that by promoting
diversity at workplace, company can increase staff retention rate. When employees of different
backgrounds are being provided fair treatment then it makes them feel valued and motivated.
Motivated and valued employees are more likely to stay with the company that improves image.
Hunt and et.al., (2018) Interpreted and said that they believe that by providing fair and equal
treatment to all employees company can increase sales and productivity. When employees feel
that their company is concerned with them and treat them equally then it creates effective
working environment. By working in this environment they can improve performance as it
increases their concentration power. Improved performance leads to better quality of products
and by providing better quality of products company can increase sales.
Theme- 3 Effects of discrimination in workplace
As per the View of (Sila, Gonzalez. and Hagendorff, 2016) Discrimination at the
workplace has huge impact on the employees' motivation, working efficiency of the employees
and also affect the workplace environment. When employees face discrimination at the
workplace they can't concentrate and it can affect them emotionally and physically both.
Employees who are victim of the workplace discrimination might also have the trouble
interacting with their co- workers, even who are not causing the discrimination. This concludes
not being able to take proper participation in the activities, and they can feel depressed at
working for the company. Their stress and anxiety levels could become so high that they can also
have serious issues and maledictions from the doctors. Getting with the problems like
discrimination at the workplace is often the number one goal of many employees. Even those
who aren’t directly discriminated against might find themselves sticking up for their co-workers.
Discrimination affects more than just the victim so be sure to report it immediately. It is
necessary for the leaders and managers of the company to be aware of people who are
discriminating other because other employees are demotivating and people who are doing should
be punished as soon as possible.
Khosravi and et.al., (2018) said that discrimination can affect image of the company
because discriminated employees do not stay with the company. When they leave organization
due to discrimination and unfair treatment then they talk about their company with their friends
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and family members and it affects image in a negative manner. So, it can be said that it can
increase staff turnover rate.
Theme 4- Strategies to reduce challenges while promoting Diversity at the workplace
As per the views of Köllen, (2020) HR professionals and management within companies
hold wide role for bringing on new scale strategies such as new productive diversity strategies
and also to improve new diversity range of operational enhanced functional avenues. Companies
shall bring on new scale external recruitment for improving new scale improved performance
benchmarks where new ideas are promoted and also raise up informative scale growth to evolve
on new horizons. There shall be encouragement of various new ideas competently where
brainstorming sessions and group discussions shall be encouraged widely for functional scale
growth imperatively among employees working scenarios. Competitive benchmarks shall be
build on for new scale growth widely for harnessing cultural growth with diversity and also up
grade talent management.
As noted by Konin (2018),effects of discrimination at workplace can be seen by analyzing varied
goals actively on wider revenue goals and also to keep up informative goals productively reached
on new domains. There has been varied examples seen within global industry domains where
employees feel committed on goals imperatively, and also scale up functional targets widely and
also to raise innovation. The author has also analyzed in research papers that companies need to
focus widely on organizing new domains of ethical working performance efficacy
profoundly,and also to build new functional horizons imperatively. It can be also analyzed that
companies shall be further focusing on innovative business targets with keen strength, higher
scale efficacy profoundly and also to yield on new quest goals for higher profits and goodwill
among consumer’s scenarios. Organizations HR departments have been also competitively
focusing to bring on new goals widely for new scale efficacy fundamentals and also to reach on
quest targets.
Research methodology
Research type: There are two research types qualitative and quantitative which enable to get data
from variant sources in research projects while working to get data and the facts onto various
projects development which further adds to bring on structured efficiency. There is qualitative
research and quantitative research which enables to develop strong working paradigms.
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 Qualitative method: These are based on detailed written data and hypothetical data where
the information is whole theatrical and structured to be easily understood by public. The
method is easy and can be understood by anyone and it doesn’t need expertise and there
is large usage of charts, graphs which increases the viability of information and gain
larger interest effectively.
 Quantitative method: These are based on numerical data where very less theatrical
presentation of data under reports and projects are based onto numerical figures to get
access to all detailed functional parameters. The methods used in this approach type is
little complicated and also impacts on understanding among people as it do not interests
their working parameters largely (Leavy, 2016).
For this research project we will be using qualitative research method as it will enable to get
accurate access to all data where Toyata workforce structure can be analysed effectively.
Research approach
 Inductive approach: This approach is qualitative basis and is connected with generation
of new theory emerging from data where the aim is focused to bring on new theory based
on data. The inductive approach is focused to positively build new determinants which
will further aid to gain on stronger creativity and practical working paradigms onto
bigger levels. Inductive approach is qualitative approach which is functionally developed
and targeted to reach onto new outcomes which will further add to outputs.
 Deductive approach: This approach is aimed and testing theory where data approach is
highly deductive and aimed to bring on stronger working factors. This approach is
deductive as it eliminates further progression and is focused to bring on one best
fundamental method of research which eliminates any new working impact. Deductive
approach is focused onto using one method and data for gaining the results which will
eliminate any sort of un reliability within information (Quinlan, Carr and Griffin, 2019).
Inductive approach will be used for research to obtain informations widely based on accurate
data aspects.
Research philosophy:
 Interpretimism: It can be understood as one form of qualitative methodology which is
focused to rely upon trained researcher and human object as the instruments to measure
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various phenomenons typically involves observations and interviews. Elements of data
are focused to bring on large working paradigms of qualitative data where all functional
elements which are used by professors shall be conducted.
 Positivism: This is philosophical theory stating knowledge which is based on natural
phenomenon and various properties and relations where information is derived from
sensory experience. The interpretation is analysed by logic and functional reasoning from
all knowledge paradigms where data is focused to get onto best relative sources,
technically be effective.
The interpretivism philosophy shall be used for this research to obtain data widely for
gaining accurate informations.
Data collection
 Primary data: This is the data which is primarily sourced from primarily sources and
there is no other connectivity among other people where the data is accurately sourced
and functionally developed to be used in further projects actively with systematic
presentation at work. Primary data enables to get to the authentic source and also
resourcefully develop strong data sources, where there is a high technical working
standard among people. Primary data will be more relatively progressed and used as
research is done with the people who are directly close to research
(Rosenfeld, Imai and Shapiro, 2016).
 Secondary data: The secondary data is collected from secondary options but also
developed and functionally structured to be largely active and are sourced from various
websites. The secondary data is developed from larger working fundamentals and is
sourced from all internet sources. Secondary data is sourced from various sources and is
not directly functionally sourced from any particular source which also impacts on
various performance metrics as there is no direct reliability of data sourcing.
In this research project primary data will be used as all data will be collected from all original
sources, questioners by people and interviews among employees working within company to
gain data on larger working ethics. Primary data will make sure that data will be collected from
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sources which are authentic and directly developed to be best forwardly used among projects and
in further business progression.
Sampling: The sampling will be done under 30 group of people which are working within
Toyota company and they will be asked questions to be more productive and for further
analysing results of various parameters. Sampling will be focused to be more productive on all
working actions which will enable to get accurate Data from all gained working horizons (Sila,
Gonzalez. and Hagendorff, 2016). The sampling method will also enable to get results form
data where there will be results analysed from employees primarily.
Data analysis: Themes, charts, figures and statistics will be used to analyse all data developed
and fragmented in project which will also develop stronger working strength and get best
information structured into various paradigms for larger working productivity. Data analysis is
one of the most important decisions which will be focused to bring on more structured decision
of formation within data and functionally develop new frameworks to determine higher strength
and relativity. It will also enable new scale innovative avenues to be formed on for operational
scale connective horizons .
Ethical considerations: Only relevant data will be used and from all reliable sources which will
make sure only accurate methods are taken place for all productive working outputs. There will
be no case of any misconduct or bias which will develop the best data form and also impact
output decisions form variant sources. The ethical considerations will also be focused to use only
technical information and conduct straight functional working paradigms for higher developed
working strength (Werhane, 2019).
primary and secondary research methods for business research project and their costs, access and
ethical issues
There are two methods for the data collection which can be used to research project. This
method helps in collecting the data, resources and the all other necessary information which is
needed to the researchers to collect the useful data for their project. Here are two methods of data
research -
Primary data collection method
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This one of the best way to collect the new information for the research project there are
different ways to collect the data and the most common technique are the interview, field
observation and experiments. Depending on the researcher's research plan and design, there are
several ways data can be collected. The most commonly used methods are: published literature
sources, surveys (email and mail), interviews (telephone, face-to-face or focus group),
observations, documents and records, and experiments (Prada-Ramallal, Takkouche and
Figueiras., 2017). This can be termed as the primary data sources which refers to the specifically
to the finest collection of the data for the particular. In this method researcher collect the new
data by taking the particular group or run the surveys. As per the result for from the methods
they collect the data for their business project. They take the observation from the data which is
useful to make their project successful for them and they can create useful information for their
business which can helpful to achieve their research project goals and their objectives.
Secondary data collection method
Secondary data refers to data that is collected by someone other than the user. Common
sources of secondary data for social science include censuses, information collected by
government departments, organizational records and data that was originally collected for other
research purposes.
This is one of the easy method of the data collection for the researcher of the project
because they do not need research on high revel, and they collect the information which are
already collected by the other researchers who have found the information which is related to
the project topic of the researcher (Johnson and et.al., 2019). The researcher gets the information
easily, and they can use ti make their research project successful. There are some secondary
methods which can be used to Collect the information about the data or the collection of data is
the new articles which can be best way to collect the data, internet where every kind of data is
available (Sardina, Olkhovskii and Lowell., Walmart Apollo LLC, 2018). Surveys by the other
companies which is also available on the internet, researcher can use the information by paying
some money to them, and they can easily get the all surveys which are done by the other
companies on the same project or the same research topic.
For this research project researchers will use the primary method of the data collection,
so they can create the new information which is useful for the better outcomes and the data will
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be new (King, Li, and Hser., 2017). Researchers will make the questionnaires and run the survey
on the 30 employees from the company.
Cost
Costing and pricing of the research project are the parts of the proposal development
process for the researcher which most often strikes fear into the hearts of principal investigators,
with some justification. However, all those who have been awarded research funding will have
gone through this process, so there is plenty of experience and advice to draw on and for most
researchers there will be support from the central research or finance office. There is a specific
cost will be need to make the research project successful for the researchers. They need finance
to run the activities like the data collect, methods, researcher for the project and other
requirement for the project researches. Without the proper budget researchers cannot collect the
information which is needed to make their project successful.
Assess
As a wrap-around human services' agency that serves a diverse community, ACCESS is
frequently invited to participate in research projects with university faculty, graduate students,
and other research institutions (Johnston., 2017). The types of research project that ACCESS
participates in includes needs assessments, survey assistance, program evaluation, population
studies, and focus groups, among other types. They collect the useful data for the research
project to make their project successful and better.
Ethical issues
There are many ethical issues which can be faced by the researchers in the business
project. One of them is lack of information. Sometimes researchers do not get the proper
information from their data collection methods because the information can be wrong which they
collect through interviews and m people who are giving the interview or taking t6he survey can
fill the wrong information to save their times (Scholten and et.al., 2017). This can make the
research project of the researcher fail and the cost to make the project is also high which create
difficulty for the researchers to invest in the projects, and they also have to give their most of the
times in the research project to make their research project successful.
Application of appropriate analytical tools to analyze research findings and data
Questionnaire
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