Principles of Nursing Management in Gerontological Care: A Report

This report delves into the principles and practices of gerontological nursing, focusing on the care and management of older adults. It examines person-centered practice, emphasizing the importance of understanding the individual's biography, values, and relationships. The report highlights the significance of gerontological nursing in meeting the healthcare needs of an aging population, discussing the challenges and considerations in acute care settings, such as noisy environments and limited time. It also addresses the biases of ageism and the need for healthcare providers to recognize the increased resource requirements of older patients. Furthermore, the report explores rehabilitation nursing, outlining its principles and the role of multidisciplinary teams in improving the quality of life for patients. Community health nursing is also discussed, with an emphasis on preserving and promoting the health of the population. The report provides a comprehensive overview of the key aspects of gerontological nursing, offering insights into best practices and the importance of holistic care.

NURSING KNOWLEDGE
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Gerontological nursing ...............................................................................................................3
Rehabilitation of nursing and principles of nursing management..............................................6
Community health nursing..........................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
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INTRODUCTION
According to studies nursing management is demonstrated as performance of leadership
functions which are associated to governance and also in decision making in an organization as
employing nurses. At the most fundamental, this include all the processes which are common to
all management such as staffing, directing, planning, controlling, organizing. The term
management this is a art in which getting things done by the group of individuals by utilising
effective and available resources. Any management cannot be managed individually, at least two
persons are essential to form a management(Morgan, and et.al Lynn, 2009).
Gerontological nursing
According to Brendan McCormack, the person centred practice is a gerontological
nursing literature. There are many illustrative accounts which develops person centred practice
but according to experiences, there are very less studies which shows benefits of this way of
working. Therefore systemic research which is involved in person centred nursing practice has
been poorly developed. This report important aim is to explore person centred practice or else
concept of person- centredness in order to bring or to add clarity to all the discussions which are
in the context of gerontological nursing. There are four concepts which are underpinning the
person – centred nursing, being in self, being in place, being in a social world, being in relation.
There are some articulation which explains the concepts of existing models of person centred
practice in the terms of nursing they often raises the recurring themes which is about knowing
the person biography, centrality of values and relationships or in other words seeing beyond the
immediate authenticity and needs(Timmins, 2011).
. There is need of more development and research work in the terms of gerontological nursing in
order to distinguish between good quality care for older group peoples and person- centred
practice. Gerontological nursing is demonstrated as speciality of nursing which is related to older
adults (Baernholdt, and Mark, 2009).
. The group of gerontological nurses they work in collaboration with communities, older adults,
and their families in order to support or promote quality of life and healthy ageing. The term
gerontological nursing this has been replaced by the geriatric nursing in 1970s, and this term is
more consistent with particular speciality border and they mainly focus on wellness, illness and
in addition to health. Gerontological nursing is very essential in order to meet the health based
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needs of an older peoples or ageing population. The demographic ratio shows that in the previous
years this has been predicted that healthcare professional and practitioners are providing care to
the ageing population or elderly patients in a larger range, thus for example the census data of
2014 in U.S shows that 14.5% population was above 65 years or older. By 2040 this is
evaluated that this older age group will grow up to 22% of the whole population. The
environment of care sectors, specially hospitals these are poorly suited to care for the older
peoples or elderly patients due to the some reasons mentioned below;
 Noisy atmosphere, which leads to difficulty in hearing for elderly patients.
 Limited time provided
 High stress and high volume
 Uncomfortable surroundings
 Worried patients, or feeling uneasy
 Little privacy
The bias system of ageism
The community or the society they only values youth and the older age group is seen as fear and
negativity, in addition the attitude comes from stereotyping the older peoples and elderly,
because in order to provide a successful caring to the elderly, there is need of developing and
maintaining positive attitude towards older peoples. Negative views towards ageing group must
be avoided this includes mentioned below;
 The language of negative views and ageism might badly impact on elderly, such as
granny, grumpy, wrinkled and toothless.
 The ageing group of older peoples they should be regarded as another stage of life with
their experiences, pains and joys.
 The number of older groups they are heterogeneous, productive, independent, and active.
 The term misperception could adversely affect during elderly patients treatment, for
example confusion, incontinence, falls these are not normal with the growing age this
might leads to worsening and along with this should be aggressively evaluated.
 Majority of elderly patients they live in nursing homes and they are disabled due to this
reason society views for elderly is skewed (Alleyne, and et. al Jumaa, 2007).
Older age group they need more healthcare – Practitioners or healthcare providers they must
recognize that older age group peoples they requires more resources for care in a greater
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proportion rather than a other population. For example number of elderly patients they often
prefers emergency departments like mentioned below;
 They are more likely to admitted in comparison to young patients for example 36% of
elderly, they visits and requires admission.
 They need more ICU admissions and 7% requires admission in intensive care
 They uses more EMS services and out of this 38% requires use of ambulances for the
elderly visits.
Principles of geriatric care in acute settings
Failure providing care in a adequate manner to the specific patient group this is resulted into
diagnostic error, malpractice litigation, and bad outcomes there are some examples such as
paediatrics, pregnancy and trauma and another category is special care which is well known for
geriatrics. There are some principles which are given below and these are keys of defensible and
successful care for the older age group, super-elderly in a specific care environment and these
principles are illustrated with examples.
 There are common disease which are presented during the age group.
 There is an example like MI presenting with NO chest pain but on the other hand it is
presenting weakness and dyspnea.
 Whether patients faces such kind of complaints or either prudent provider would be
considering cardiac causes.
Poly pharmacy this is very common and this might be a factor in the diagnosis, presentation, and
management ,
 The drug actions which involves clearance and metabolism, and these are alterd due to
the physiologic changes during ageing.
 Almost 5% of the hospital admission for the older group they causes adverse drug effects.
There are some diagnostic test which have commonly different normal values
 The familiarity of unchanged list and the abnormal laboratory values the older age group
this could prevent costly mistakes because of the false assumptions.
The decreased functions in likelihood this might reserve must be anticipated.
 Cardiac output has been decline with age
 The immune system may become inactive while being in response to an infection.
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 Social support system may not be provided in a good manner as well as patient might
need top rely on healthcare professional or caregivers.
 Having information about to be discharged patient, how will patient dress, bathe, eat,
walk or and following up of visits this might leads to impact on disposition decision.
 Discharging someone from a poor environment this way gives surety of bounce back to
life, office or hospitals, and urgent care.
 All the health problems should be estimated which are associated with psychosocial;
adjustment.
 There is highest ratio of successful suicide is in older age group or elderly.
 Being on the lookout for anxiety, depression, and alcohol or other abuse substances are
also in geriatric population.
 Co – morbid disease might confound the effective presentation.
 This process consider diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases and auto – immune
disease.
 There are primary complaints which include altering mental status, syncope, and even
fever may also be caused as well as influenced by these above conditions.
 In the acute care environments mostly patients presentation is complexed in a frequent
manner.
 Example even thought such complaints are serious and life- threatening diseases thus
they are source of frustration for the caregivers or for many practitioners.
 There is need of maintaining knowledge of baseline functional status this process is very
essential for the purpose estimating new complaints.
Rehabilitation of nursing and principles of nursing management
Rehabilitation this is a essential process of overall efforts which paves the way for all the
occurring impediments, obstacles in maintaining or determining the patient's psychological,
physical, mental, censorial, as well as determining social function levels in a specific disease
such as injury treatment and disability, bringing someone back to life by providing therapy, or
medicaments and exercises this process is defined as rehabilitation. The process of rehabilitation
this mainly focuses on needs and the capacity of an individuals and their main aim is to change
individuals or bringing them back to life from physical or mental traumas thse are the serious
issues which may cause long term diseases and disabilities. The rehabilitation this assure about
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re- integration of the group of individuals with the community and the family in order to provide
healthcare which improves and encourages self care and independency which might enhance
quality of life of an individuals (Hill, K.S, 2004).
. There is a special application which is mostly organized as part of healthcare, this process is
mainly known for implementing dynamic and active program which are intended to maintain
individuals normal life routine or daily routines by identifying psychological, emotional ,
physical, economic deficiencies, psycho- social all these factors in individuals, therefore
minimizing or eliminating the deficiencies. The principles of rehabilitation care are mentioned
below;
 Treatment, prevention of medical problems and , diagnosis
 Supporting mentally or emotionally while participating in social life
 The psycho- social support is very essential this enables adaptation of patients and along
with this family to the new situations.
 The education this mostly enables maximum level of independence.
The rehabilitation in nursing they improve the quality of life of patients by providing them care
in different ways, this process requires multidisciplinary team which have aims to eliminate all
the deficiencies which make the individuals life dependant and this also improve the own
capacity of an individual . The rehabilitation team is consist of speech therapist, occupational
therapist, physiotherapist, nurses, nutritionist, social worker, psychologist, professional
consultant and recreational therapist(Hurst, 2005). Coordination, communication and
cooperation evaluation of these in the terms of rehabilitation are very essential for the success of
the team. In the services of rehabilitation all the different health workers they cooperate with
other workers during the different stages of disability. Nurses they spend their more time with
the group of patients while compared with other healthcare professionals and they are only
responsible for the healthcare. Nurses are who are well qualified in healthcare professionals they
brings their patients back to life as well as improve their quality of life by monitoring the patients
psychological and physical changes in order to improve or to develop coping and problem
solving skills of the patients. They participate and take charge in all the stages of disability and
illness by specializing the care for semi- dependent individuals. The main responsibilities in
rehabilitation are to support patients mentally or emotionally or decide the nursing interventions.
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Community health nursing
Community health nursing is associated with nursing practice this is applied in preserving
and promoting the health of the population. The community health process this implies
integration of preventive, curative and along with this promotional health services. The main
aims and goals of community diagnosis are to find out community health related problems. The
term community health this is referred to the health status of the community members, and
identifying the problems which are affecting the health of the individuals and evaluating the
total health care which is provided for the community. All the health services must be realistic
while resources are available (Wong, and et. al Cummings, 2007)
Community is the unit of health care services, participation of community this is plays an
integral part in the terms of health services and along with this family members and individuals
participating in decision making.
Principles of community health nursing
 This should be planned according to the needs of the community
 This is mainly based on the functions and identified needs
 The term health services must be realistic while resources are available
 Integration of guidance, health education, and supervision within in community nursing
services.
CONCLUSION
As per discussed above the nursing management is very important to treat older age group
peoples because they are not valued by the society. Rehabilitation is very necessary in the terms
of nursing thus to bring peoples back to life from trauma or illness.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Timmins, 2011. Managers’ duty to maintain good workplace communications skills. Nursing
Management, 18(3).
Baernholdt, and Mark, 2009. The nurse work environment, job satisfaction and turnover rates in
rural and urban nursing units. Journal of nursing management, 17(8), pp.994-1001.
Alleyne, and et. al Jumaa, 2007. Building the capacity for evidence‐based clinical nursing
leadership: the role of executive co‐coaching and group clinical supervision for quality
patient services. Journal of nursing management, 15(2), pp.230-243.
Hill, K.S, 2004. Defy the decades with multigenerational teams. Nursing Management, 35(1),
pp.32-35.
Wong, and et. al Cummings, 2007. The relationship between nursing leadership and patient
outcomes: a systematic review. Journal of nursing management, 15(5), pp.508-521.
Morgan, and et.al Lynn, 2009. Satisfaction in nursing in the context of shortage. Journal of
nursing management, 17(3), pp.401-410.
Ewens, 2003. Changes in nursing identities: supporting a successful transition. Journal of
Nursing Management, 11(4), pp.224-228.
Flinkman, and et. al Salanterä, 2015. Early career experiences and perceptions–a qualitative
exploration of the turnover of young registered nurses and intention to leave the nursing
profession in F inland. Journal of nursing management, 23(8), pp.1050-1057.
Hurst, 2005. Relationships between patient dependency, nursing workload and
quality. International journal of nursing studies, 42(1), pp.75-84.
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