How Global Low/No Alcohol Trend Impacts Trinidad & Tobago: A Study

This project, titled "How can the global trend of low and no alcoholic beverages impact upon Trinidad and Tobago?", investigates the influence of global shifts towards reduced alcohol consumption on the cultural and social fabric of Trinidad and Tobago. The study begins with an introduction highlighting the prevalence of alcohol consumption globally, and its significant role within Trinidad and Tobago's culture. The background section details the psychosocial aspects of alcohol addiction, the impact on both physical and mental health, and the influence of cultural norms and religious practices. The methodology outlines the research approach, strategy, design, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Findings are presented with raw data and correlations, followed by a discussion of the key factors. The conclusion provides recommendations based on the research, considering the interplay between societal attitudes, cultural norms, and the evolving global trend towards lower alcohol consumption. The project aims to understand the consumption patterns, their impact, and how the trend of low and no-alcohol beverages might affect the community.

RUNNING HEAD: DIPLOMA OF COMMUNITY SERVICES
DIPLOMA OF COMMUNITY SERVICES
Name of Student
Name of University
Author note

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1...............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................2
TITLE.................................................................................................................................2
BACKGROUND................................................................................................................2
PROBLEM/ISSUE DEFINITION.....................................................................................8
Rationale..........................................................................................................................12
Research question.............................................................................................................13
Research question rationale..............................................................................................13
Research objectives…………………………………………………………………… 14
Chapter 2..................................................................................................................................14
Literature review..................................................................................................................14
Chapter 3- Methodology..........................................................................................................19
Structure of the questionnaire..............................................................................................19
Research Philosophy............................................................................................................20
Research Approach..............................................................................................................21
Research Strategy.................................................................................................................21
Research Design...................................................................................................................22
Data collection.....................................................................................................................22
Analysis of Data...................................................................................................................23
Ethical Considerations.........................................................................................................23
Delimitations........................................................................................................................23

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Summary of the chapter.......................................................................................................24
Saunder’s Research Onion framework.................................................................................25
Chapter 4- Findings and Analysis............................................................................................26
Raw data for the study obtained from questionnaire:..........................................................26
Correlation of the factors associated with the study:...........................................................27
Discussion............................................................................................................................28
Chapter 5- Conclusion and Recommendation..........................................................................30
References................................................................................................................................32

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 TITLE
Topic - How can the global trend of low and no alcoholic beverages impact upon Trinidad
and Tobago?
1.2 BACKGROUND
Alcohol and other recreational drugs forms the most major sort of psychosocial
addiction throughout the world and across the various countries – the same has found various
uses pertaining to leisure in the urban lifestyle, stress amongst the employees and community
lives that has led to increase in the consumption of alcohol and drugs across the populations
of the countries. While some countries have reported the controlled usage of tobacco and
alcoholic drugs, many other countries attributing to their culture and society has been used to
this or being getting used to increased use and consumption of alcohol beverages, due to
sensation seeking or due to the increase in the level of stress and anxiety amongst the
countries of the globe.
It is critical that the very important facets of the psychosocial behavioural is
associated with the very important types of the addiction behaviours and not just mental
health conditions such as stress, anxiety, esteem and sensation seeking issues as well as low
dignity (Bakari & Mann, 2019), history of trauma and issues with self-image and self-concept
shifting has led to the importance of the psychosocial behaviour study in respect to the
consumption of alcohol. It is important to understand that not only the mental health but the
physical health of the patients are also affected given the trauma and the additional addiction
with the drug and alcohol adherence which has not only affected the overall living quality but

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the standards of living of the entire family as well as low performance issues are also caused
by the same type of alcohol addiction (Webb & Aguilal 2016).
It is to be understood that the culture in some countries also supports the use of drugs,
recreational drugs and the use of alcohol which is a great inherent part of their culture and
their standards of living as well as these affect their belonging and their sense of integrity and
union with their culture (Kingsbury et al., 2019). The most important factor is that the same
number of the reasons that affects the very culture and its integration with the usage of
alcohol and other drugs –the same number of factors are also important that the same are
studied as the social determinants of life and health for the individuals living in certain
communities, in each country and the various communities of various countries are affecting
the use of alcohol and other recreational drugs as a part of the culture they belong to and in
order to spread across the countries of the globe (Maharaj et al. 2017)– the practices are being
transferred from one culture to the other. It is to be understood that the very underpinnings of
the alcohol consumption relating to its value and effect in the culture and how the people
belonging in the culture perceives the same as a part of culture and behaviour – is what
matters in context to continued use of alcohol and tobacco across the countries of the world
(Agu et al. 2018). It is to be understood that the various types of the religions and the
religious practices often use and promote the use of alcohol that not affect the interest and the
behaviour of the people and the practitioners towards the same so that the custom and
tradition goes on and continues further into the youngest of progenies and the various types
of the same addictions has not only deteriorated the living standards in the community more
and more but also has affected the quality of living to a much greater extent, pertaining to
job, economy and the more poor health conditions affecting the public population to a greater
extent (Reid & Gentius, 2017).

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While many countries in the modern era actually, understanding the social
determinants of health and the social issues associated with the health of the public pertaining
to alcohol consumption – has reduced and created new policies for the prevention and the
management of the same that is the psychosocial addiction with alcohol and other drugs but
there are still certain nations such as Trinidad and Tobago which still uses and applies the
usage of alcohol into the social, cultural and the sociocultural framework in a very pertinent
manner and that is why it is it is very critical that the same alcohol consumption in Trinidad
and Tobago is understood as both a process and behaviour and it is critical for than one
reason that why the people of Trinidad and Tobago are addicted (Johnson & Rodriguez,
2016) and gives so much importance to the cultural process of or pertaining to the use of
alcohol (Kingsbury et al., 2019). – all these have to understood and realized at a greater rate
and mechanism, which forms the aim, purpose and zone of interest of the study.
Hence, it is to be understood that while across the nations of the globe, the range of
alcohol use pertaining to the use and application laws banning at same are at full effect and
this is important and similar in both the developing and the developed countries as the
addiction and the overuse of the alcohol are bought into legislative and administrative control
of the local, national and the state authority (Kumar & Tiwari, 2017). It is regarded that more
than anything, the countries of the world (Carney et al., 2019) – which has both learned and
educated population at place and the both of them are vitally critically in the development of
alcohol prevention behaviour comes from within and by addressing the concerns pertaining to
social conformation and the same affecting an individual in the development of the alcohol
consumption and alcohol behaviour (Yong et al., 2017)..
Low or non-alcohol beverages is a current trend in the worldly context and it is very
important to be understood that the same is controlled and affected by the policies (Yong et
al., 2018) and the legal requirements and system of the government that help in the better

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adherence and compliance with the local, state and the national level standards of the alcohol
consumption behavior, in Europe it is to be understood that the various types of the various
types of alcohol consumption behavior whether it pertains to the teens or the rural or the
urban population of a general public and it is to be critically understood that society
(Kayukova et al., 2016). and culture affects the perception of the people, in an imperative
manner that again influences the various acts and the activities related to the behavior of the
people, pertaining to alcohol consumption. While in Trinidad and Tobago, the problem is
complex as the community living cultures and isolation that is geographic eco isolation from
the rest of the world pertaining to the addiction with alcohol and other drugs trend has been
studied very hard by the researchers of this study. Additionally, the perception about alcohol
being a very deep way of reaching a meditative state of mind and its implication in the
religion and the way of life has placed a very important role in the development and
prevention of the alcohol consumption process (Lange et al., 2017) and it is important that the
ecological and the sociocultural dynamics of the Trinidad and Tobago population is studied
properly so that the action can be taken to assure the adherence and compliance of the public
of Trinidad and Tobago with the no and low alcoholic beverage trend.
Alcohol being perceived many years to be an integral part of the mindfulness and
meditative state of mind – it is to be critically understood that the various meditation and
spiritual practice is centered around the consumption of alcohol and these indeed play a very
good role in the continuity of the alcohol consumption at an increased rate in Trinidad and
Tobago and the style explores to understand the same.
It has been reported many a times, for many decades now, by the scientific researches
pertaining to use and drinking behavior of alcoholics and the general public complying with
the religious standards pertaining to the use and application of the alcoholic practices – is not
gender based or population based but both genders along with the social and the cultural

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structure involved everywhere in the parts proximal and distal of the country of Trinidad and
Tobago has been reported to be equally and uniformly affected by the use of alcohol which
many researchers refer to as the state of alcohol drinking disorder (Joav Merrick, 2017). It is
highly important that the very important aspects of the culture that are influenced by
recreational activities and relaxation techniques also are based on the use and intake of
alcohol and alcoholic beverage (Kayukova et al., 2016), which are being affected more so
and more adversely by the various types of stress and anxiety pertaining to job dissatisfaction
and economic issues and the pressure of not being able to find comfort or a well-balanced life
has critical that they are studied as well (Gopaul et al., 2016).. According to a report in the
recent year, done by a scholarly researcher, it was said that the women who work in the
household and are housewives only but still without any personal stress being attributed by
the increase of job and work related stress, they even are engaged in practice of alcoholic
drinking and the intake of alcohol beverages between the work times and at a particular time
of the day and it is very critical to understand that the alcoholic beverages are not affecting
their health but also affecting how their lives are lived in a day to day scenario, thus leading
to lack of care of the children and problems pertaining to their upbringing (Pierce et al.,
2017).. The very critical and important factor in the process of women living in the household
of Trinidad and Tobago is affected by the stress of income that are earned their spouse and
this financial stress of how to run the family and the family members who are part of the
family as well – has made the stress level in these women become high and this in turn has
resulted in the behavior that attributes to the alcohol drinking in the personal context (Warner
et al., 2018). This very practice and behavior or rather say habit of the household women in
Trinidad and Tobago being affected by the use and intake of alcohol intake is known as
episodic drinking which is a very important factor in addition to social and religious drinking
that in a triad that greatly and heavily taken a huge toll on the alcoholic behavior and

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increased alcoholic adherence rates being demonstrated by the people (that is the general
population) of Trinidad and Tobago to a great extent (Kumar & Tiwari, 2017).
The other factors that has caused the alcoholic issues and the alcohol adherence
behavior, thus not being able to comply with the trend of low or no alcoholic beverages that
are run globally is that the same alcoholic intake behavior is greatly affected by the problem
which are both severe and even moderate but emotionally defeating in the social and personal
psychological context as well (Webb & Aguilal, 2016). Various sociological studies that has
been undertaken in order to understand whether the various types of the factors he types of
variants that has been affecting the social learning and the observational learning in great
manner and the vicarious learning has also been reported have played a great role in the
development of alcohol behavior and alcoholic addictions in the nation of Trinidad and
Tobago, to a great extent.
The various types of relationship problems as well as behavioral issues in the
psychological and social psychological context of Trinidad and Tobago have been seen,
considered and also regarded as the major reasons in the adherence with alcohol consumption
behavior processes and the antisocial problems that the parent faces while living with their
children or when their children is growing up also impends a great deal of problem to the
addiction behavior of the parents who are not being able to run and bring up a child or an
adolescent child properly. Thus, it is very critical that the relationship issues that are posed
between the children and the parents or between the parents are greatly attributing to the
process of psychosocial addiction with alcohol and all these experiences pertaining to the use
of alcohol are greatly impacted by the or shaped by the financial stress growing in the country
of low economy, that is of Trinidad and Tobago.

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1.3 PROBLEM/ISSUE DEFINITION
At the dawn of creation and beginning of mankind in the modern ages, it is important
to be understood that the alcohol consumption was thought as the major way and process in
the widening of human consciousness and the broadening of human mind and that is why,
since the beginning of history – the alcohol intake became a part of human culture and the
common good of the people that is based on spiritual and traditional practice was also very
much dependent on the use and the application, incorporation of an alcohol use. In the
Trinidad and Tobago, the lifestyle of the people from the general population is pertinently
analyzed and utilized so as to understand the exact implication of the society and culture
being a strong facilitator in usage of alcohol. The country has seen many incidents of alcohol
and substance abuse and the people of Trinidad and Tobago are affected heavily on or in
terms of heath by the overall use and overuse of the alcohol use in the most remotest and
even health, physical and mental and the various substances abuse is to delight his senses
which alter his perception of reality. In ancient times, drugs were widely employed to
stimulate other states of consciousness and to manipulate thought and perception. The
debilitative effects of drugs and alcohol abuse in contemporary society resulted in a shift in
perceptions from a social ill, a personal vice, a genetic frailty to a medical condition. With the
rise of the consciousness movement affecting every aspect of human activity, there has also
been a new trend in the production and consumption of low and no-alcoholic products for
improved well-being.
In the country of Trinidad and tobacco though, it is important to understand that the
alcohol consumption in the nation, is a resultant of the social and culture of the nation and as
a matter of fact, the same has to realized and the factors has to be recognized in a very
pertinent manner in order to understood the processes and the human forces available to
change and alter the resources better. Then, in order to affect the public health in a very

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purposeful manner possible – the counseling and therapeutic advice to the people, raising the
consciousness and the awareness of the people pertaining to the use and application of the
process of alcohol intake, the laws being formulated by government in order to make the
alcohol consumption and buying plus the selling process more difficult and all these laws and
regulations which are targeted at making at understanding the public – the right amount of
alcohol that is not harmful to the people on a major basis but pertaining to the country of
Trinidad and Tobago – it is important to understand that the same is being at processing stage
of the government and although some policies were applied but once the whole scenario is
considered, the arte of alcohol consumption plus the addition of incorporation of the alcohol
in the spiritual, religious as well of the traditional customs and the traditional practices of the
country and the dominant as well as community groups of the country are taken into
consideration – the major important factor that the knowledge and the awareness about the
deterioration of their own health and well-being is considered, it shows the clear picture why
the literacy rate of the population, the overall population of the Trinidad and the Tobago is
concerned as it can be – it was found out by many reports, that the alcoholic consumption has
been continued in the pertinent manner – in the social, cultural and also in the religious
context of the nation and that is why, the perception of the people is so rigid that the various
types of the alcohol consumption behavior is directly proportional to the psychological
parameters of the people of the nation. Moreover, it is to be understood that the various types
of the alcohol consumption process in Trinidad and Tobago is directly proportional to the
very underpinnings of the alcohol consumption has been attributed to the playing of songs
encouraging the use of alcohol in a spiritual context, the alcohol advertisements that are
played as television commercials in the more increased number as compared to the television
advertisements being made around the encouragement of alcohol intake behavior – are vital.
Other than these, it is to be understood that the lack of laws preventing the consumption of

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alcohol as well as the various process and procedures being the only way to prevent the use
of alcohol by the teens and the adults being not into use as well – has increased the alcohol
the consumption behavior in the country of united states and it is to be understood that the
various laws and the identity proof reading process has to be identified as an imperative
process and procedure being empowered by the laws and the regulations of the countries
government is a major factor in relevance to the alcohol beverage consumption of the country
of united kingdom. Other factors, that are being mentioned by the results of various other
studies based on the alcohol consumption of Trinidad and Tobago is important to be analyses
and thus, points to usages of alcohol tags on the product showing and marketing the alcohol
product in a very important manner so that they are actually bought by the buyers – are also
greatly effecting the adherence of the alcohol buying behavior in a very powerful manner and
non-adherence to the trends used in global perspectives, that calls for low or no quantity of
alcohol beverages being consumed in a social or an individual framework. The National
Policies and Government Support; National Monitoring Systems, Written national policy
(adopted/revised)/National Action Plan, National government support for community action,
National monitoring system, Taxes and National Maximum Blood Alcohol Concentration
(BAC), excise tax on beer or wine plus the spirits, National maximum legal blood alcohol
concentration pertaining to the driving behavior at night and violence posed by the same, that
is alcohol consumption is taken into consideration and then the laws are formulated by
government – has all been marked as ineffective if the factor of the significant change is
considered. Among the adults who are in between 15–64 years old living in the country
of Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) – about a total of 40.4% has been reported to consume the
level of alcohol past thirty days of which almost 70 percent are males and 30 percent are
females. It was mentioned a research survey – the year of 2005 showed that the adult per