This report, likely prepared for a Higher National Diploma (HND) in Computing, delves into the intricacies of computer hardware and software. It begins by defining and differentiating between hardware and software components, emphasizing the functions of logical and physical components within a computer system. The report then explores various types of memory, including primary and secondary memory, detailing their roles and how they connect to the processor. Further, it discusses how data and programs are represented in a computer system, including floating-point number conversion and boolean logical operations. The report also investigates advanced computer architecture, focusing on the DirectX API, its pros and cons, and its control over graphics functions. It concludes by evaluating computer performance developments, particularly pipelining architectures and MIMD (Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data) systems. The report covers various aspects of computer architecture and performance.