Global Human Resource Management and Sustainability Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of global human resource management and sustainability, focusing on the suitability of Nigeria and Bangladesh as potential destinations for multinational organizations in the clothing industry. The report meticulously examines various parameters, including political stability, economic indicators (GDP, per capita income), social factors (workforce education, cultural considerations), technological advancements, environmental factors, and legal frameworks. It assesses the impact of these factors on business operations, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each nation. The analysis includes comparisons of labor costs, infrastructural development, and the overall business environment, offering valuable insights for companies seeking to optimize their global operations. The report references relevant sources and provides a well-structured evaluation of the challenges and opportunities presented by each country, ultimately aiding in informed decision-making for sustainable HRM practices.

Running head: GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Global Human Resource Management and Sustainability
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The importance of minimizing the cost associated with the business activities is
observed to increase in a significant manner in recent times and that is pretty evident with the
urge of the companies towards the incorporation of the scientific management inside the
organizations. With a precise focus on the global economics, it is prominent that the labour
charges in China are increasing in a rapid manner. Deng (2019) claimed that the trade war
taking place between China and United States of America is playing a crucial role in
increasing the operational and manufacturing cost for the companies that are conducting their
manufacturing operations in these nations. Having said that, the infrastructural development
and the industrial environment that the countries like China is able to achieve, is playing the
role of the fundamental motivator for the companies in conducting their manufacturing
operations in China. However, the significant increment in the labour charges in China is
observed to be a major concern for the companies and under such situation, the companies
are forced to select other stable countries for their manufacturing operations. The paper is
focused in testing the feasibility of the alternative nations in being the preferred destinations
for the organizations operating in the modern world of business. The paper discusses
regarding the suitability of the business operations in two different nations such as Nigeria
and Bangladesh. The paper analyses various parameters of the clothing industry of both the
nations and provides a clear understanding of the business environment that it offers to the
multinational organizations.
Analysis:
Nigeria Bangladesh Impact on the
Organization
Political: With a precise focus on
the business
environment of Nigeria,
Bangladesh is an
emerging country in the
textile and clothing
The urge of the
governments of
both the nations

2GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
it is evident that the
national government is
able to put strong
emphasis on increasing
the local employment
and that is pretty
prominent with the
inclusion of the clause
that promotes the local
employment in the
nation. Along with this,
the government is
observed to be
significantly strict in the
implementation of the
labour and employment
legislations and the
organizations with any
sort of violations of the
legislations are observed
to face considerable
amount of monetary
penalization. However,
the impact of
unionization in the
industry and that is
prominent with the
growth of the nation.
The national
government is seen to be
concerned with the
lower rate of
employment in the
nation and that
influences the
government towards
binding the national and
international
organizations in
generating employment
in the nation. However,
the political unrest
inside the nation is a
major concern or the
national government and
the factors such as the
absence of proper
democratic system in the
nation, corruption and
terrorism, lack of
reflect the
necessity of the
company in
recruiting the
local employees.
At the same time,
the political
unrest
Bangladesh and
the strong impact
of the
unionization in
Nigeria have the
potential to affect
the smooth flow
of business
operations of the
company.

3GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
nation is a major
concern for majority of
the companies operating
in the clothing industry
of the nation. At the
same time, the
companies’ sufferings
are observed to be
influenced by the
political parties as the
parties operating in the
nation are seen to be a
part of unions as well.
democratic practices
from the part of the
political parties, the
excessive pressure from
the part of the Islamic
organizations are
decreasing the attraction
of the country.
Economic: The total GDP (PPP) of
the nation is observed to
be 1.221 trillion US
dollars and at the same
time, per capita value of
it is seen to be 6130 US
dollars
(Tradingeconomics.com
. 2019). On the other
hand, the GDP nominal
of the country is
observed to be 447.013
The total GDP (PPP) of
Bangladesh is
approximately 831.750
billion US dollars and
the per capita value is
comparatively lower
than that of Nigeria with
4992 US dollars
(Tradingeconomics.com.
2019). On the other
hand, the total GDP
nominal value is
Both the
economies are
observed to be
low whereas
Bangladesh has
comparatively
low figures. The
costing associated
with the
manufacturing
operations in both
the nations are

4GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
billion US dollars and
the per capita value of it
is 2244 US dollars
(Tradingeconomics.com
. 2019). Apart from this,
the manufacturing
operation in the
company is seen to be
associated with
considerable amount of
costs. The labour costs,
infrastructural costing,
raw materials,
transportation costing,
administration cost
along with the service
charges and tax are
observed to be the main
point of concern for the
company in operating in
Nigeria. However, the
country is observed to
be poor in terms of
economic strength and
that places the costing to
estimated to be 314.656
billion US dollars in the
year 2019 whereas the
per capita value of the
same is 1888 US dollars
(Ceicdata.com. 2019).
The manufacturing
operations of the
clothing industry is
expected to experience
the same sort of costing
where the operational
cost includes costs,
infrastructural costing,
raw materials,
transportation costing,
administration cost
along with the service
charges and tax. Having
said that, Bangladesh is
one of the low economic
countries of South Asia
and that certainly place
the company in a
comfort zone for
expected to be
controlled.

5GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
a reasonable value. managing the costing.
Social: For Nigeria, the
preference will be a
local management team
in association with the
international
management team. The
composition of the
workforce in Nigeria is
well distributed amongst
the Christian and
Islamic workers. The
workers of Nigeria
significantly lack
professional approach
towards their business
operations. The
company will face
considerable amount of
requirement for
providing appropriate
education to their
employees in Nigeria to
make sure that the
employees conduct their
For Bangladesh, the
same approach is
expected to be followed
where the local
management team will
be in operations with the
help of the international
management team. The
people of the country is
largely Islamic and the
workers, owing to the
low economic condition,
are observed to be
comparatively better
educated regarding their
operational activities in
the clothing industry.
Bangladesh had a rich
history of textile
industry from the time
of British reigns and that
certainly decreases the
concern of the company
in educating the local
The education of
the Bangladesh
workers can be
crucial for the
success of the
company in
providing quality
products to their
customers and
that places
Bangladesh in a
better position
than Nigeria for
the company.

6GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
business operations in
flawless manner. With a
score of 43 in the aspect
of Gini Co- efficient, the
country is observed to
be at middle of the scale
designed for the
measurement of the
inequality in the wealth
distribution
(Tradingeconomics.com
. 2019). On the other
hand, with a rating of
0.532 in the Human
Development Index, the
country is seen to reflect
a low life expectancy,
per capita income and
education
(Hdr.undp.org. 2019).
employees regarding the
required skills for
operating in the clothing
retail industry of the
nation. The country,
with a score of 32.4 in
the Gini Co- efficient,
shows comparatively
better wealth
distribution in the nation
(Ceicdata.com. 2019).
Other than this, the
score of 0.608 in the
Human Development
Index portrays medium
life expectancy, per
capita income and
education
(Hdr.undp.org. 2019).
Technological: The presence of
technology in a not so
developed economic
region such as Nigeria,
is significantly low
On the other hand,
Bangladesh is observed
to be one of the fastest
growing nations in the
South Asian region
Bangladesh is
seen to be in
better position for
providing the
scope to the

7GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
(Ahmad, Abdullah and
Arshad 2015). The
people across the nation
including the workers of
textile or clothing
industry are observed to
be significantly limited
in using the
technological
advancements.
(Islam and Pattak 2017).
The youth generation
are notably inclined
towards the usage of the
technology and social
media and the
technological readiness
amongst the workers of
the clothing industry of
the nation is seen to
increase in a notable
manner.
company in
utilizing the
technology in an
efficient manner.
Environmental: With 80 score in the
power distance aspect,
the Nigeria society
reflects their acceptance
towards the unequal
distribution of power in
the business (Hofstede-
insights.com 2019). At
the same time, the
people of the society are
observed to be
influenced by more of a
collectivist approach
On the other hand, with
20 score in the
individualism aspect, the
country shows
comparatively more
collectivistic approach
and the same score in
the power distance
dimension shows their
same sort of acceptance
towards the inequalities
(Hofstede-insights.com
2019).
The company is
observed to have
the scope of
getting similar
sort of employees
from both the
countries on the
basis of the
cultural
considerations.

8GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
(Hofstede-insights.com
2019).
Legal: With a precise focus on
the urge of the
government towards the
sustainable
development, the labour
legislation of the
country includes
provisions for job
creation and youth
employment. The labour
and employment
legislation of the
country is observed to
be influenced by the
regulations such as
Pension Reform Act
2014, Personal Income
Tax Act 2011,
Employees’
Compensation Act 2010,
Industrial Training Fund
Act, Immigration Act
2015, National Health
The taxation policy of
the nation is seen to be
well developed under
the reigns of current
Prime Minister of the
nation (Islam and Pattak
2017). Other than this,
the company is expected
to bear the cost
associated with various
parameters of labour
legislations such as the
training, wage, WHS,
pension and trade union.
The company is
expected to face
same sort of
spending in both
the countries.

9GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Insurance Scheme Act
and Trade Unions Act
(Lexology.com. 2019).
The costing associated
with the mentioned
regulations is
reasonable.

10GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
References:
Ahmad, S., Abdullah, S.A.J. and Arshad, R.B., 2015. Issues and challenges of transition to e-
voting technology in Nigeria. Public Policy and Administration Research, 5(4), pp.95-102.
Ceicdata.com. 2019. Bangladesh | BD: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate |
Economic Indicators. [online] Available at:
https://www.ceicdata.com/en/bangladesh/poverty/bd-gini-coefficient-gini-index-world-bank-
estimate
Ceicdata.com. 2019. Bangladesh Nominal GDP Growth [2007 - 2019] [Data & Charts].
[online] Available at: https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/bangladesh/nominal-gdp-
growth
Deng, C. 2019. U.S. Companies Say Trade War Is Hitting China Operations. [online] WSJ.
Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-companies-say-trade-war-is-hitting-china-
operations-11567090800
Hdr.undp.org. 2019. [online] Available at:
http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/NGA.pdf
Hdr.undp.org. 2019. [online] Available at:
http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/BGD.pdf
Hofstede-insights.com 2019. Compare countries - Hofstede Insights. [online] Available at:
https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/
Islam, M. and Pattak, D.C., 2017. Impact of Macro Environmental Factors on Garments
Industry That Drives Export in Bangladesh. Studies in Business and Economics, 12(2),
pp.100-111.

11GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Lexology.com. 2019. Employment & labour law in Nigeria | Lexology. [online] Available at:
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=a129b4ab-faaf-412c-995e-4d3502fceb54
Tradingeconomics.com. 2019. Bangladesh GDP per capita PPP | 2019 | Data | Chart |
Calendar | Forecast. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/gdp-
per-capita-ppp
Tradingeconomics.com. 2019. Nigeria GDP | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast |
News. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/nigeria/gdp
Tradingeconomics.com. 2019. Nigeria GDP per capita PPP | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar
| Forecast. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/nigeria/gdp-per-capita-ppp
Tradingeconomics.com. 2019. Nigeria Gini Index. [online] Available at:
https://tradingeconomics.com/nigeria/gini-index-wb-data.html