LBR7456: Global Mental Health Issues - Social Context Presentation

This presentation delves into the multifaceted issue of global mental health, examining its prevalence, influencing factors, and societal impact. It explores the roles of social, economic, political, and environmental factors, highlighting their intricate relationships and effects on individuals and communities. The presentation further discusses the significance of social determinants of health, health inequalities, and the influence of neo-liberalism on mental health outcomes. Government initiatives are also presented as potential solutions. The presentation references various studies and reports to support its analysis, providing a comprehensive overview of the complex challenges and potential interventions in the realm of global mental health. The presentation aims to meet the learning outcomes of the module by exploring the social, economic, political and environmental factors that influence global health issues and the public health response and discussing the role of the social determinants of health and global health inequalities. The presentation also identifies and discusses one or more of the social/political theories introduced in the module in developing an analysis of global health.

Global mental
health issue
NAME OF THE STUDENT:
NAME OF THE UNIVERSITY :
AUTHOR NOTE :

INTRODUCTION
• Over the past few decades, within high-
income countries (HICs) , global mental health
issues are prevalent.
• A reduction of state interventions but a
change in the nature and character of those
interventions give rise to the major gap in race
that further influence mental issue (McNamara
2015).
• Government initiatives- “ensure healthy lives
and promote well-being for all at all ages”
• Figure : mental health
source: (McNamara
2015).

Why global health issue
 it is affecting one out four people in
global population.
 in higher incoming counties
countries 83% and in lower incoming
countries 49% (Jogerst et al. 2015).
 Close to 8000 people die every year
due to the global mental health
issues.
Figure : global mental health
issues
Source: (Jogerst et al. 2015).

Social factors influencing mental
health
Social factors:
 racial differences amongst the courtiers
 inadequate resources to meet daily needs
 socio-demographic differences
 exposure to crime
 concentrated poverty.
Impact : 49% of the individuals in the lower incoming
countries are suffering from the mental health issues
(Global Health Watch 2015)
Figure : Mental health
Source : (Global Health
Watch 2015)

Economic factors influences
mental health issues
 unemployment
 cutting public expenditure for social
 frustration in the workplace
 lack of accurate infrastructure for the growth of the
organization
 Global fund crisis for health care facilities
impact :
Unemployment causes 45000 suicides every year and
more than 300 million are suffering from mental health
issues (Jogerst et al. 2015) .
Figure : economic cost of
mental health
source:
(Jogerst et al. 2015) .

Political factors
 Lack of accurate social policies to protect the human rights,
 Negligence of policymakers for addressing issues of the health
care sectors,
 Stringent tax legislation
 Lack of insurance mandate
 High insurance coverage
 Lack of direct involvement of governing bodies to reduce the
high cost of health care (Schram et al. 2015)
 Changes in trade and markets, the movement of people, goods,
and services
Impact : 8 lakh suicides every year observed in various countries
because of political factors (Kekulawala and Johnson 2018)
Figure: Mental health
day
Source: (Kekulawala
and Johnson 2018)

Environmental factors
 Age
 Sex
 communicable disease,
 Relationship with family members, community, work place.
Impact :
A considerate number of children are suffering from mental
health issues because of the environmental factors (Frumkin
2016)
Figure : Mental
health
Source: (Frumkin
2016)

social determinants of health
and health inequalities
 Inequalities in terms of interventions due to
racial differences
 Lack of stringent policy to restore human
rights.
 Impact : As a result, in 2016, the global
mental health diseases identified as highest
contributor of the global burden of disease
(Clark 2015) .
Figure: health gradient
Source: (Clark 2015)

Neo-liberalism
 It is a social theory of the 20th century which is
associated with free-market capitalism
 liberating free enterprises from any bonds by the
government is required reducing global mental health
issues (Glasgow and Schrecker 2015). .
 neo-liberalism has been imposed by Inter-American
Development Bank, World Bank and International
Monetary Fund.
Figure : neoliberism
Source:(Glasgow and
Schrecker 2015).

Government initiatives
 In 2015, at 25th September, world
leaders met at the United Nations
in New York, where they adopted 17
goals and 169 targets (Biermann,
kanie and kim 2017).
 Integration of social , economic
political factors to policy making
 Implementation of behavioral
health promotions across the
countries.
Figure: government initiatives
Source : Biermann, kanie and
kim 2017).

References
Clark, H. 2015. Governance for planetary health and sustainable
development. The Lancet, Volume 386, No. 10007, e39–e41,
Frumkin, H., 2016. Environmental health: from global to local. John
Wiley & Sons.
Glasgow, S. and Schrecker, T. 2015. The double burden of neo-
liberalism ? Noncommunicable disease policies and the global
political economy of risk. Health and Place, 34, 279-286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.06.005.
Biermann, F., Kanie, N., And Kim, R. E. 2017. Global governance by
goal-setting: the novel approach of the UN Sustainable
Development goals. Current Opinion in Environmental
Sustainability, 26, 26-31.

References
Global Health Watch 2015. Global Health Watch 4: an alternative world
health report. Global Health Watch. Whole document available at
https://www.ghwatch.org/node/45484 Section A1 The health crisis of
neoliberal globalisation - first 11-12 pages of document (pp.11-22)
Gonzales, l.l. 2012. The first to go: how communities are being affected by
the Global Fund crisis. Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa. Full text
link report on impact of Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria funding
crisis
Hanson, M.A. and Gluckman, P.D., 2015. Developmental origins of health and
disease–global public health implications. Best practice & research Clinical
obstetrics & gynaecology, 29(1), pp.24-31.
Jogerst, K., Callender, B., Adams, V., Evert, J., Fields, E., Hall, T. and Simon, L.
2015. Identifying interprofessional global health competencies for 21st-
century health professionals. Annals of Global Health, 81(2), 239-247.

References
Kekulawala, M. and Johnson, T.R., 2018, February. Ethical issues in
global health engagement. In Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal
Medicine (Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 59-63). WB Saunders.
McNamara, C 2015. Trade liberalisation, social policies and health:
an empirical case study . Globalisation and Health. 11:42 (Open
access) http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/11/1/42
Schram, A., Labonte, R., Baker, P., Friel, S., Reeves, A. and Stuckler,
D. 2015. The role of trade and investment liberalization in the sugar-
sweetened carbonated beverages market: a natural experiment
contrasting Vietnam and the Philippines. Globalization and Health
11:41 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/11/1/41

Thank you