Assessment of Tourism's Effects on Various Countries

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Global Tourism Assessment
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Table of Contents
Assessment 1...................................................................................................................................3
Assessment 2.................................................................................................................................11
Reference List................................................................................................................................19
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Assessment 1
“In many parts of the world, tourism has caused problems. Explore the negative impacts
that tourism can have and illustrate these using examples from different countries of your
choice”.
Introduction
Tourism constitutes of those actions of any individual or person who travel to places and
continue to live there with a view to move out of their home ambience for 1 year or less for the
purpose of business, leisure or any other reason (Li et al., 2017). Tourism is generally beneficial
for both the tourist and the country or place where the tourist visits. However, the immense
growth of tourism is hampering the country or places in any ways. In this essay, the impact of
tourism would be analysed on countries like UK, Turkey, Poland, Antarctica, United States of
America, Australia and Japan.
Discussion
In United Kingdom, tourism is one of the most developed sectors that bring immense economic
prosperity in the country. By 2025, UK has forecasted to have industry of tourism worth £257
billion. An increase in 1% of tourism leads to an increase in employment for about 0.89%. The
tourism industry in UK creates about 3.8 million jobs throughout the country. In 2017, the
country had 39.2 million inbound visits which 4% higher than 2016. Therefore, tourism in UK
creates many job opportunities for the existing population (statista.com, 2019).
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Figure 1: Tourism supporting employment in UK in 2017
(Source: statista.com, 2019)
However, the increasing rate of tourism is even hampering the economic, social and most
importantly the environment of the country. The government of UK supports tourism to great
level and the amount of money spent by the government on the tourism industry in 2017
amounted to £21.9. Hence, the countries spends huge amount of money on promoting tourism.
Growth of tourism has resulted in this disadvantage in UK. Moreover, the disagreement between
the tourism suppliers, tourists and inhabitants occur in terms of usage of the available resources
in the country. The population of UK in 2018 was 6.6 million and the growth rate of the
population in the country is about 0.6%. As huge number of tourist visits every year in the
country, it adds to pollution, population and traffic clogging. In 2017, 2.9 million visitors visited
the Loch Lomond & the Trossachs National Park in Scotland, which is 5.4% higher than
previous year. The national park has suffered the most due to high number of tourists
visiting the country. The effects are visible in form of forest litters, soil pollution and
increased soil erosion (Seraphin et al., 2018).
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Figure 2: Number of visitors in Scotland in the year 2017
(Source: Seraphin et al., 2018)
If Antarctica is considered, the season of tour ranges from November to March. Since 2012,
upward trend in the number of visitors in Antarctica has been recorded. The main reason for such
increase is, tourist want to visit the place before the change in climate hampers the beauty of the
continent. In 2017 – 2018 visitors in Antarctica was 51, 707 which is 17% more than the
previous year. Annually only 45, 000 passengers are allowed to visit the beautiful continent. The
continent has very low population and habitat, so controlled tourism is beneficial to the area as it
lets the country grow on the economic front. The continent is already suffering to a great deal
due to increased effects of global warming (Ferrada, 2018). Immense growth of tourism in this
extraordinary beautiful continent is troubling the last huge backwoods on earth and the
immaculate environment. Moreover, the tourism activities like mountaineering, diving and
kayaking effect the ice covered peaks negatively and invasively (Kruczek et al., 2018).
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Figure 3: Tourist numbers in Antarctica
(Source: Cunachi et al., 2016)
Turkey is a country across Western Asia and Europe and the culture of the place has influences
of Ancient Greek. Tourism has continued to rise and break in the country. In the year 2018,
Turkey had 46 million visitors throughout the year. From 2017, there was increase of about
21.84% in the year 2018. As per the reports of the total income of the country, 81.8% comes
from tourism. Turkey provides tourist facilities by constructing hotels and resorts in forests and
coastal zones. Therefore, the fiercest disadvantage that Turkey is facing against the immense
growth of tourist is deforestation. The immense growth of tourist industries is also heightening
the pressure on natural areas of the Middle East country. Moreover, the economic growth
witnessed by the country through tourism industry has led to inequality among the social
classes and geographical reasons. The development of the regions among the coasts has
slowed down, as the government is inclined immensely towards the development of tourism in
the country (Aslan, 2016).
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In 2017, the number of tourists boomed to a great height of 18.3 million in Poland. It increased
at the rate of 18.3% (thefirstnews.com, 2019). The allurement for travellers of Poland is the
natural and cultural heritage of the country. As per a survey, measuring the satisfaction of the
tourists 96 percent were satisfied with the kind of service and hospitality the country provides to
its guests (thefirstnews.com, 2019). Therefore, the country concentrates hugely towards the
development of tourism in the country. The huge growth is adversely affecting the environmental
condition of the country. The country is facing many environmental problems recently, ranging
from loss of biodiversity to reduction in aestheticism of the landscape. Moreover, due to
increase in tourism, increase in number of vector – borne diseases been observed in the
country. Inundation and coastal erosion are results of increased tourism in Poland.
In United Stated of America, tourism increased from 6227283 in the month of March 2019 to
7019871 in the month of April of the current year.
Figure 4: Tourism statistics of USA for the year 2019
(Source: statista.com, 2019)
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USA is facing over tourism currently. Huge number of tourists is creating huge pressure on
certain cities of USA (statista.com, 2019). The national parks in USA are suffering immensely
due to over tourism. The soft eco - tourists (people who have very less concerns about the
environment) want to spend more time in the parks and pollute the environment by littering it
with wastes and dirt. Moreover, the huge crowd leads to degradation of soil, resulting into
over erosion of soil. The activities of the tourists do not enhance the base of the available
natural resources of the country. Therefore, the existing populations have to suffer the
consequences of the scarcity of resources and limit the usage so that they do not run out of them
completely. The huge crowd causes huge noise pollution that disturbs the wildlife of the
national parks immensely. The forest areas suffer the most abuses from the over growth of
tourism in the country (Nunkoo and So, 2016).
About 9.2 millions of tourists visited Australia in the year 2018, increasing at the rate of 5.2%
from 2017. Their forecast says the figure would reach up to 10 million in the 2019. Every year
about 1.5 million people visit the Australian Alps. Activities like snowboarding and alpine skiing
are promoted for economic growth. These activities influenced the environment negatively
causing affects like nutrient enrichment of soil, trampling of vegetation, littering and spread
of weeds. The construction of ski resorts has affected the protected areas of the Alps and the
backcountry areas of the USA (Huveneers et al., 2017). As per the Japan National Tourism,
Japan in 2019 has recorded 2.9 visitors, 170 visitors more than the previous year. The country
has the rate of growth of 6% every year. The government of the country invests and supports the
growth of tourism industry as it speeds up the economic development.
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Figure 5: Tourist statistics of Japan
(Source: García et al., 2015)
Japan has very actively promoted the development tourism in the country and currently it is a
victim of over tourism. The streets of Japan is found to be littered with rubbishes and wastes,
even the noise pollution caused by tourism has affected the tranquillity and peace of the
country. The magnificent bamboo grooves situated in Arashiyama, has been vandalised by the
as the visitors scribble the walls with drawings and names. Many visitors visit the restaurants to
take pictures and post them online. Therefore, the owners are left mentally harassed by the
over hype. Moreover, the country is building large chains of hotels and accommodation to
accommodate the over tourists with proper facilities. Another disadvantage the country is
facing is that the farmland has been suffering from trampling and trespassing, this leads to
deterring of the soil due to increased soil erosion. Therefore, mostly all the developed
countries in the world are suffering from over tourism (García et al., 2015).
Conclusion
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In this essay, the concern of over tourism is prominently visible. Most of the countries around the
world have been suffering from the problem of deforestation and soil erosion. The countries are
concentrating on promotion and development of tourism immensely, as tourism in a country
helps in developing the economic and social status of the country. The tourists visiting these
countries fail to understand that they are responsible for the negative impacts existing population
of these countries undergo. Moreover, the government of these countries do not understand the
need of promoting controlled tourism. It is high time. All the developed countries in the world
need to establish a control over the growth of tourism. The forest is a great resource of all the
countries and the population residing the country. Therefore, it is time to eliminate and monitor
the harmful impacts of tourism through controlled tourism. Further, the countries all over the
world needs to implement and formulate some policies that would establish and explain the
relation between tourism and natural environment to soft tourists.
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Assessment 2
“Choose a country and prepare a tourism situation analysis. Your report should provide
an overview of tourism in that particular country”.
Introduction
Tourism is people travelling for fun. Activities such as camping and sight - seeing is included in
tourism (Holden, 2016). Therefore, the individuals who travel for entertainment and fun are
known as tourists. When the tourists tours they live or reside in resorts. Generally, an individual
opts for tourism to come out of their homely environment and do acts that they cannot enjoy in
their own country. The understanding and evaluation of the ambience of a destination where
tourism has developed is known as tourism situational analysis. Tourism situational analysis
directs at supporting the in considering the most important elements of developing strategies
managing and marketing them for promoting tourism in their country (Mura and Sharif, 2017).
In this report, Germany would be analysed with respect of tourism situational analysis.
Moreover, the report would recommend remedies to fight out the prominent issues and develop
controlled tourism in the country.
Main findings
The eighth most visited country in the world is Germany. In 2017, the overnight stays by foreign
visitors in Germany rose to 459 million, 3% more than the previous year. According to tourism
and travel Competitiveness Reports, out of total 136 countries Germany ranked third among the
safest destination of travelling around the world. The tourism situational analysis of the country
is as follows:
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Visitor Market:
The outbound market of Germany is likely to go beyond 113 million trips. The expenditure of
the Germany government on International tourism amounted to about 81.1 US $. Austria is
attraction of most of the visitors of the tourism market. Germany visitor market has tourists from
not only foreign land but even from the country itself. The various opportunities of sport
activities, cultural sites and varied landscape are attractions of the country. Different ranking has
confirmed the rise of Germany as a remarkable destination for tourists. As per tourism and travel
competitiveness report, the third rank was acquired by Germany. The country has performed
exceptionally well in the areas of port infrastructure, cultural sites, health and hygiene that has
raised the visitor market by 3% from 2018. The visitor market of Germany as on 2019 was
recorded as 39.8 million (Kwiatkowski et al., 2018).
Figure 6: Hike in tourist arrival in Germany
(Source: Kwiatkowski et al., 2018)
Tourism Products:
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