Global Tourism Report: Destinations, Trends, and Challenges Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive overview of global tourism, examining its nature and trends on an international scale. It investigates the characteristics of key tourist-generating and receiving areas, delving into the reasons behind the growth of these areas. The report also explores the differences between emerging global tourism destinations using the TALC model, considering factors like the destination life cycle and growth drivers. Furthermore, it analyzes the roles and responsibilities of key international organizations in the development of global tourism, and reviews the various threats, issues, and challenges facing the future development of global tourism. The report concludes with a summary of key findings and provides references for further study.

Global Tourism
Destinations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
1 Interpret statistics to accurately present an overview of the nature and trends of tourism on
global scale.............................................................................................................................3
2 Investigate the characteristics of key tourist-generating and receiving areas of the world.6
3 Determine specific reasons for the growth of key global tourism – generating and receiving
areas of the world...................................................................................................................7
4. Compare and contrast the differences between a range if emerging global tourism
destinations in relation to stages of the destination life cycle, factors driving growth and stages
employed................................................................................................................................8
5. Investigate the role and responsibilities of key international organisations in the
development of global tourism............................................................................................10
6. Review the various significance of various threats, issues and challenges to the future
development of global tourism.............................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
International tourism simply means motion of individual across national borders. As per
WTO, traveller are one who travels various places that is external for their regular environment.
People travels for different purpose such as business meets, exploring new places or other
personal reasons. Globalisation has raised more number of opportunities for travel and tourism
industry as it allows individuals to travel global destination that provides leisure experience to
them (Cornelissen, 2017). The present report examines nature of global tourism and its scale at
international level. It also describes about characteristics and development of developing future
markets. Furthermore, it provides description on the roles of key business enterprise that
contributes in growth of international tourism. Further, evaluation and revaluation various
challenges, issues and threats will be stated.
1 Overview of trends and nature of tourism industry at international scale.
Nature of tourism is changing with the passing time as taste and preferences of travellers
modifies according to their interest. In the starting time, people have started movement for
satisfying their requirement of food. This have further changed and evolved according to
changing behaviour of tourists towards their tourism destinations and upgrading trends in same
industry (Ezeuduji, 2015). Trends refer to the common track which states that development is
enhancing in industry. Aspects of trends includes short period of time, long term and
intermediate. In context of travel and tourism industry,
Global tourism statistics, trends and flow
Trends in tourism and travel sector includes various aspects such as visitors flow, revenue
generation, arrivals, market share expenditure etc. Analysis of this section is done by examining
all aspects for national as well as international tourism. These trends at all level are described as
below effectively.
For national tourism
As per survey conducted by tourism sector in the year 2018, it has been identified that
around 39% percent respondents have agreed that they prefers to go for on the spot booking.
The represented data states that because of raising trends of on the spot booking figure of
travellers within UK are enhancing every day. Within UK around 3.6 million visitors from

overseas visits destinations in the year 2019. This is approximate 9% higher than the records of
last year because of on the spot booking. Also these overseas travellers spends around £2.4
billion during their travel to UK (London Tourism Report, 2016). It states that growing figures of
traveller are increasing with the every passing year that is ultimately generating more revenue
generation of tourism sector.
For international tourism
At international level, numbers of tourist arrival in 2017 for most popular international
tourism nations in millions are Europe- around 671 , Middle East – 58, The, Africa- 65,
America- 207etc. These figures are constantly increasing with the emerging trend of ecological
and educational tours developed for tourists at international scale. It is a kind of touristry that
mainly explores undisturbed natural areas (International Tourism Results: the highest in seven
years, 2017). Travellers of now a days believes in exploring those areas which not only provides
them better experience but also enhances their knowledge. Influence of tour operators towards
these areas are bringing more funds towards ecological projects which is supportive in restoring
natural habitants (Gössling and Peeters, 2015). In 2018, tourism industry have generated revenue
approx £1.45 trillion from educational and ecological tours. Overall GDP of tourism industry is
47% in Germany, USA, China, UK and Japan.

From the above specified graph, it is depicted that there are huge range of travellers
which visit international marketplace over the passing years. The chosen graph provides clear
explanation on the numerical figure of travellers. According to this graph, it can be said that
travellers main preferences while deciding destinations to visit is Europe as well as America.
While asking about the reason for choosing specific zone, these travellers have stated that it
include very attractive destination. Along with this, these travellers have further stated that tour
operators are providing range of travel packages and other options to them which makes their
trip more comfortable and satisfactory. This also shows that nature of tourism is effectively
influenced with the emerging economies.
World’s top tourism destinations and how these have changed over time.
Nowadays, people prefer to visit those places which is renowned tourism destination in
order to gain outstanding experience. It has been analysed that most of the people like to travel
France which have most attractive places such as Louvre& Versailles, Eiffel Tower and Arc de
Triomphe.
It has also been identified that United Kingdom stands on top 7 tourism destination
globally with more than 37 million visitors in a year. The visitors also contributes towards the
development of UK economy. The famous places of UK includes Medieval, London tower,
Minister house and so on.

Overall, more than 40 million tourists visits Mexico. Its famous places are Agua Azul,
Class resort, Sumidero Canyon, Waterfalls etc.
All of the above specified comes under world's top tourism destination. Interest of
travellers are changing day by day towards these places as per changing trend (Jovicic, 2014).
Changes in the industry might also influence interest these travellers towards other places which
provides new experience to them.
2 Key tourist-generating and receiving areas worldwide
Tourism creating places are those which mould their their nation through which it bring
necessary steps and effective changes on demographics, economic and geographical factors that
attracts tourists. On the other hand, tourism acquiring areas are those where surroundings are
presented from the initial and no effort is made in creation of them includes climate,
environment, culture and economic factors. Both the fundamental tourist generating as well as
receiving fields of travel & tourism sector has certain characteristics (Lew, Hall and Williams,
2014). It refers to those individuals who select their favourite destination according to the
favourable characteristics which influences their interest towards places.
Characteristics of Tourism generating areas: Demographics: Demographic characteristics of US attracts tourist a lot towards its
popular city Las Vegas is renown for its night life. Travellers come to this place belongs
to higher class who spends a lot in Casino in order to enjoy their vacation. Economic: Economical status of country are considered as an important characteristic as
it plays high function in influencing tourist towards some particular locations belonging
to the similar place. For example: London is seen as commercialized city that focus on
enjoying the status of largest city across the world in terms of economies. The popular
destination London Eye takes advantage of this factor as it attracts local as well as
overseas tourist towards it.
 Geographical Factors: Geographical characteristics of France is much attractive and
influential that becomes major reason for attracting tourists towards it (Liu, 2014). For
instance: the Eiffel Tower of France can be seen as the geographical characteristic which
attracts travellers a lot towards it. This destination is helpful in influencing large number
of individuals towards them.
Characteristics of Tourism receiving areas are:

 Climate: High Force, Durgham, is England's one of the attractive Waterfall. It's drop falls
into beautiful plunge pool. The overall environmental condition of this point is extremely
fascinating which give soothing environment to tourist who visits it. Environment: Pembrokeshire is one of the Greek Island enclosed by beautiful greenery.
Initially the respective owner of particular place is Cawdor family of Stackpole court.
Currently, the zone can be visited by any one as government have allowed all to visit it.
 Culture: Culture plays an essential role in influencing interest of travellers towards it.
Tomorrowland is one of the best examples for this characteristic (Rogerson, 2015).
For example: In terms of geographical areas there are large number of factors which
comes under the tourism sector. If talked about France than it is one of the most attractive place
that directly influence all over firms and people into the economy. As this country has variety of
good places than they have opportunities to gain huge potential travellers and achieve target in a
better way. Therefore it is necessary for tourism to focus on several factors by which they can
concentrates people needs and demand in a positive manner.
3 Reasons towards development of key global tourism receiving and generating areas worldwide

Reasons for the growth of Tourism Generating areas
One of the most well renowned touristry creating places is seen as Eiffel Tower that
belongs to Paris. It is 320 m tall which is why which makes it most attracted place across the
world. This aids the destination in becoming the star attraction of Paris. This structure provides
the amenity of climb up to the initial 2 levels to customers by stairs and to third and last level by
way of a lift, which makes it an entertaining and interesting place for tourists. This popular place
is being visited by around 25000 tourists at daily basis. Although this building fulfils the 3 A's of
destination, it fails to meet the criterion of Ancillary which is seen as the last element of this
framework.
Reasons for the growth of Tourism Receiving areas
Niagara Falls State Park located within USA is most famous touristry receiving areas at
international periphery level. It includes 3 waterfalls named as Bridal Veil Falls, American Falls
and Horseshoe Falls. This makes the place a centre of attraction for tourists across the globe
(Saarinen and Lenao, 2014). The power generation amenity at Niagara falls is regarded to
provide a supply of more than 1/4th of overall consumed power in peripheral boundaries.
However, it fails to meet the other 2 criteria of 4 A's of destination, namely, Access and
Ancillary.
4.
TALC model given along with the product life cycle which provide information about the
capability as well as sustainability of the specific destinations. The model is also helpful in
gaining comprehensive change in tourist’s attractive force as time passes. Implementation of this
model is explained underneath with comparison between two global destinations:
Stages of TALC Kyrgystan Indonesia
Exploration This is seen as the popular
destination which is renown
for its travel places but it is
still seen as the emerging
destination.
The respective place is also
termed as the another popular
emerging destination
worldwide.
Involvement People stays in nearby has
started offering basic facilities
Involvement of other
businesses in supporting this

to tourists which have also
provided growing business to
them (Saarinen and Rogerson,
2014). Here, involvement is
high.
event is seasonal basis. It
might be developed in near
future. Involvement is low as
compared to Krygystan.
Development With increase in tourist for
international scale local tourist
have also started visiting this
place that has boost of flow for
this destination. Development
is done on regular basis.
This tourist destination's
economic conditions are
specifically tied with tourism.
It low as compared to
Krygystan.
Consolidation Here, it has been determined
that number of visitor for this
place are increasing with the
changing time.
The respective destination
makes use of range of
extensive level of electricity
which becomes main reason
for the enhancement of
economical problem in the
near future.
Stagnation Constantly growing
development of this place will
provides growth to the
destination a well.
Here, government can make
some changes on electricity
usage that will improve
functioning of the destination
in better manner.
Decline The place is constantly
growing and improving which
shows that its declining stage
is far.
By observing all of these, it
can be said that this place can
not be replaced by any other
tourism destination as its
popularity is increasing day by
day.

Identify factors driving growth of specific destinations:
Development of tourism destinations might get affected by different attributes like
religious, economic, environmental and historic. Positive influence of these factors supports
destinations in their growth in quicker manner. In context to above taken destination, EdinBurgh
Castle, it can be said that the locations is positively affected with historical factor. It attracts a
special customer who wants to explore old monuments that could upgrade the understanding in
effective way. Despite of this, London eye is also considered as the historical places which is
developed by husband and wife team. Its innovative structure attracts customers a lot which also
drives its tourist growth in rapid manner.
Future predictions and forecast:
The Future assumptions for this destination is positive tourists are giving it preference
due to its prime location. As per past records, range of tourists for EdinBurgh castle which is
around 2.1 million within the year 2018 which is predicted to increase in upcoming time period.
In context of London eye, it can be said that it is the tallest wheel situated in Europe (Torres-
Delgado and Saarinen, 2014). But, now there are few more wheels created at this area which are
more than around 245metre as compare to London eye. Thus, by observing, it has been identified
that number of visitors of this destination might get reduced in near time as tourist might get
attracted to the other wheels.
On the above specified TALC model this can be said that, travel and tourism industries
are able to expand their consumer's growth in a proper way. Along with, there is one of the best
approach named as holistic which mainly address whole person and their mental, physical along
with emotional health. By focusing on this approach travel and tourism sector is able to achieve
their goals and reach country at high level. Therefore, in order to make country attractive they
should use several aspect by which they can influence customers desirably.
5.
There are several business entities which hold the responsibility of facilitating the
enhancement of tourism at international level. In this context, governmental and private entities
which are UNWTO, IATA, PATA UN, EU ensure the improvement of economic system through
the inflating figures of tourism on a global level.
Role as well as aim of Policies

UNWTO: The finding & investigation of rising and key market trends among tourism is a
crucial aspect for some tour operators. In this context, United Nations World Tourism
Organization has the function to provide the business organisation operating in travel & tourism
industry with updated knowledge regarding a number of aspects. They include market study,
latest trends, forecasts, understandability of marketplace section refer to the taken sector and
many more (UNWTO. The Work of UNWTO, 2019). This contributes in development knowledge
of individuals about tourism and its associated issue which ultimately contributes in enhancing
the international tourism. These policies developed by this enterprise includes sustainable tourist
policies which aims to enhance sustainable tourism at large.
PATA: (Pacific Asia Travel Association) It is regarded to be one of the largest tourism
promotion companies across the globe. Since its incorporation, this entity has the role to create,
promote and foster tourism within the Pacific region. Also, the tour companies which are
members of this agency are provided support by this organisation at large as it has strong
connections with different governmental bodies, global airlines, hospitality industry, educational
institutions and so on from the Asia Pacific. These contacts helps agencies in executing their
work in appropriate manner. The purpose of PATA is development of business concern of its
members, improvement of services provided by them as well as stipulation of measures to
enhance the tourism traffic within the confines of Asia Pacific region (PATA – Pacific Asia
Travel Association, 2019).
Herein, UNWTO is responsible for the overall promotion of sustainability, responsibility
to universal accessible of tourism. Therefore, government of US and UK is responsible to make
such kind of development by which they increase economic growth and make organisations
sustainable. In which UNWTO always motivated along with keep international code of morals
for tourism in order to increase overall part of tourism globally. For instance, it removes negative
impact on tourism sector and develop effective knowledge of market and promote competition in
a proper way.
6.
Alike every industry, travel and tourism industry also faces various issues, threats as well
as challenges which also affects the overall future development. In the present context of
international tourism industry, it is identified that globalisation bring different challenges that are
developed due to different factors like political, economic, social, environmental & technological

trends. Finding of all these components and the issues included in them provides ample number
of opportunity to focus or work for their removal and further improvement of tourism. The
various elements & review of the signification of the same is mentioned below to ascertain their
contribution in the improvement of tourism:
Political: It is said that the major issue which is associated with this factor is relate to
safety of tourists or form the terrorist attacks. Terrorism refers to the use of global violence
which is against the individual. This raises threats for global tourism industry as any of the
terrorist attack at global destinations might reduce the influence of individuals towards the
international destination (Cornelissen, 2017). The same is faced by Paris in 2015 when series of
coordinated terrorist attacks were took place. The significance of this element is ascertained by
the legal authorities as this was diminished the clear image of the country. This develops an
outcome into developing specific program from French Government which is budgeted as £326
million in order to to combat terrorism.
Environmental:One of the aspect which is considered under this factor is about climate
change. Sudden change in climatic condition is also considered as major issue which influences
future development of global tourism. From the same issue Europe is highly affected where the
impact has been identified on the temperature, reduced sea ice & sea level. Also, climate have
the affect on regions where all the wt things become more wetter and all the dry things become
drier (Ezeuduji, 2015). The significance of this threat was noticed by many international working
associations and in this regard various agreements are developed such as Paris agreement where
the UNFCCC work for minimising the total amount of greenhouse gas.
From the above specific information this can be said that, it is necessary for travel and
tourism industry to always aware from natural factors like threat by which they can beat
competition and able to make huge customers in a perfect way. By facing so many
environmental issues they can make some new aspect to give better services to their customers in
a positive way. By considering all over the environmental issues they can bring so many change
which could be good for travel agencies within specific countries and achieve desired goals.
Therefore, it is essential for each and every industry to follow different types of governmental
rules and regulation in order to sustain for long period of time at marketplace.

CONCLUSION
On the basis of above described report, it is concluded that international tourism plays an
essential role in the growth of nations. It has also allowed people to explore different places at
marketplaces so that they live experience from their travel. Last minute booking and ecotourism
are identified as two of main trends which influence people towards the several destinations.
Along with this, it is also summarised that growth of tourism can be explored by analysing
tourism creating and receiving destination. This is also supportive in enhancing needs and
requirement of tourists in rightful manner. Moreover, it is also identified that geographical
appeal and historical cultural appeal of tourism destinations attracts clients towards them and
also provides quick growth to the respective nation in terms of economy.

REFERENCES
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