Global Tourism Destinations: Trends, Challenges, and Recommendations

This report provides a comprehensive overview of global tourism, examining its nature, trends, and the characteristics of key tourist-generating and receiving areas. It analyzes the influence of emerging economies on the global tourism landscape, exploring factors contributing to its growth, such as environmental, technological, historical, and cultural influences, alongside the '4 A's' of destinations: attractions, accessibility, accommodation, and amenities. The report compares emerging global tourism destinations and discusses the roles and responsibilities of international organizations, evaluating their significance. Furthermore, it identifies and analyzes the implications of issues, challenges, and threats to the future development of global tourism, culminating in recommendations for sustainable growth and development. The report covers solo travel and eco travel as trends. The report uses statistical data of tourism destinations and factors affecting tourism growth.

Global Tourism
Destinations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
P1. Overview of nature and trends of tourism............................................................................4
P2. Characteristic of key tourist generating and receiving areas of the world............................7
M1. Analysation of the way in which nature and scale of tourism on global level is influenced
by emerging economies...............................................................................................................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
P3. Reasons for global tourism growth ......................................................................................8
P4. Comparison between ways emerging global tourism destinations ......................................9
M2. Evaluation..........................................................................................................................11
D1. Critical Evaluation .............................................................................................................11
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................12
P5. Roles and responsibilities of international organisations ...................................................12
M3. Evaluation of international organisation's significance ....................................................12
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
P6. Significance of issues, challenges and threats for future global tourism development .....13
M4. Analysation of implication of issues, challenges and threats to global tourism................13
D2. Recommendations .............................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
International tourism refers to those tourism sectors that crosses overall national
boundaries. The global travel and tourism always defines that staying and travelling in different
places outside their daily environment gives very good experience to travellers at various level.
On the other side, globalisation is the most important factor for every industry as it provides lots
of opportunities to them by which they can give better experience to people towards international
destinations (Brondoni, 2016). The present report is based on explanation about scale and nature
of global tourism. After this there is explanation of features and growth which is associated with
emerging market as well as destination regions. It will also focuses on various roles of
companies and development of global tourism. Lastly, description of various challenges,
thoughts, issues towards future growth of global tourism will get covered.
TASK 1
P1. Overview of nature and trends of tourism
Travelling is one of the best essential aspect for each and every individuals' life by which
they can move from one place to another place. Therefore, in current scenario there are lots of
organisations which are involved to provide better travel and tourism services to customers at
marketplace. According to better travel and tourism services, customers can get good experience
and increase value of these sorts of industry at marketplace. It will directly influence other
people and help firms to increase their sales and revenue in a proper way. With the help of this,
firm can bring huge changes in their overall functions and activities in order to fulfil customers
expectations due to globalisation (Cornelissen, 2017). There are different types of trends and
nature of tourism in context with global scale, those are mentioned below:
Solo Travel: This trend is generally used by family or couples in order to enjoy their solo
trip. Therefore, overall needs of solo traveller refers to travel without distraction of a companies
as well as without any disturbance. This type of trend encourage people to enjoy their trip
without facing any issues and make them confident. Therefore, this is very growing trend which
helps people to live their life in a proper way.
Eco Travel: This type of tourism trend and nature influenced lot of people, as people
from new generation become more relevant within the marketplace, as they always make their
decision in a different ways and purchase new tourism trends effectively. Herein, Eco travel

considered as the example of those tourism trends that reflects overall traveller in a ethical or
sustainable way. Therefore, most of the travellers thought, that global trends are the best way by
which they can fulfil their aspects and able to spend their time in a happiest way.
Interpretation:
From the above mentioned graph it has been concluded that, Top 5 tourism destinations
named as France, Spain, USA, China, Italy are the most favourable place for people. Whereas,
France is one of the best leading tourism destination having visited by 87 million people every
year. Therefore, this country gained 3rd position in terms of developing effective revenue.
According to the above statistics diagram it has been observed that, 82 million visitors
are going Spain per year and increase 9% growth of this place in a well manner. Whereas, 87
Million visitors are visiting every year within France and increase 5% growth of them. After this
58 Million travellers visiting Italy and increasing 11% growth of this this destination. Along with
61 million travellers visiting China per year but they only increased 2.5% growth. At last USA

has 76 Million visitors per year but they reduced 4% growth. Now this can be said that Italy is
one of the best favourable destination for visitors that maximise 11% growth of visitors per year.
P2. Characteristic of key tourist generating and receiving areas of the world
In this world large numbers of tourist destinations which are rapidly growing every day in
order to fulfil travellers needs and wants at every moments. Most of the few nations which
comes under the top 10 destinations named as France, Italy, Spain, China and USA. Whereas,
US - 75.9 million, Italy - 58.3 million, Spain - 81.8 million and so on. As per this analysation
this can be said that visitors are visiting these destinations every year (Gössling and Peeters,
2015). There are some characteristics and features of few countries, those are mentioned below:
Spain: It is a beautiful country which generally includes autonomous regions with
diversify culture as well as geography. This is also the capital city of Madrid which is one of the
best royal palace, along with, this country has different types of characteristics, those are given
below:
Characteristic: This country has its own natural beauty by which always attracts the
large number of customers in a proper way. It is also known as best tourist place globally. Along
it is the best tourist place which gives excellent experience to travellers. Aper from this it has so
many different places which also attracts the large number of customers in an effective manner.
Italy: It is European organisation which always follow western culture and cuisine. It is
the capital of Rome, along with this it also includes so many other cities such as Florence and so
on. It is a very beautiful country which always attract customers in a proper way. Apart from this
there are few characteristics of this country, mentioned below:
Characteristic: It shows the uniqueness of a particular or different places which comes
under this country. It influence visitors in a proper way so that they can visit so many time in this
country. For example: Italy has their own beauty which directly influence travellers in a positive
way. So that, by having this type of nature they can have large numbers of shopping malls and so
many other things by which they can increase large number of travellers in an appropriate
manner.
There are various economies which are emerging and has a contribution towards tourism
development at global level. The development can be seen over tourism in both scale and nature
aspects. As per the estimates, Indian tourism is recognised as a largest industry of services
which is contributing 6.23% towards the GDP of a country and 8.78% of total nation's

employment. India is witnessed around more than 5 million of foreign tourist arrival annually
and 562 million domestic visitors (Indian Tourism Industry, 2019).
There are other emerging economy such as China that contribute towards global
development in last year. In 2017, its GDP reached around 82.7 trillion yuan, which is an
increase of 6.9% each year and in other worlds , this country has been grown by a middle-size
economy last year. (China made new contributions to global development last year, 2019)
TASK 2
P3. Reasons for global tourism growth
Tourism industry is growing to a large extent now-a-days and there are various reasons
behind its growth and development. As per the WTTC, in last year the tourism and travel
industry has grown up to 3.9%, which is above GDP growth at global level and it contributed
around $8.8 trillion and provides 319 million jobs to the economy of the world. This report also
illustrates that the travel and tourism industries had generated 10.4% out of all activities of global
economy in the last year (Stats: Travel Industry Second- Fastest Growing Sector In The World,
2019). There are various reasons for this growth and development of tourism sector which are
stated as follows-
Environmental Factors- These factors includes good climatic condition, beautiful and
attractive scenery, and so on. Now-a-days, the basic reason for growth rate in travel and tourism
organisation is that people are getting attracted towards beauty of many destinations and places
by seeing advertisement in television, YouTube, social media, and so on. Previously people do
not know about various travelling places such as Maldives, Bali, Kerala, and so on. But now due
to increase in advertisement and large impact of social media, people are getting aware of these
destinations.
Other Factors- This can be considered as both technological as well as psychological
factor. Due to high amount of use of social media, people are getting to know about various
places and destinations. People are getting attracted towards the pictures of their friends,
colleagues, and other travelling pages on Instagram, twitter, Facebook, and so on. Due to which,
they also want to travel to that particular destination (Hitchcock and Teague, 2019). For instance,
Bali and Maldives has become latest honeymoon destination due to increase in number of
couples who visit there.

Historical and Cultural Factors- Many people are attracted towards culture, heritage and
history of a specific destination. This factor has lead to increase in growth of tourism industry.
Due to increase in awareness about culture and heritage, the travel and tourism industry has
grown to a large extent. Historic monuments, museums, old churches and temples have become
centre of attraction among visitors. Destination like Egypt displays its culture and heritage
which makes it one of largest attraction of tourists. For instance Great Sphinx and pyramids at
Giza, the valley of Kings, the Abu Simbel temples, The Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha in
Cairo and Sinai's coastal areas.
4 A's of destinations- Among the basic reason which is behind development and growth
of destination enterprises is 4 A's of destinations that are ancillary, access, attractions and
amenities. These are defined as follows-
Attractions: It reflect the attractive force that leads to increased tourism in a particular
place. There are around two types of attractions, which are man made and other is natural
attractions. Man made attraction factors includes Disney Lands, casinos, museums, and discos.
On the other hand, natural attractions are climate, beaches, mountains, river, etc. For example,
Mount Fuji which is located in Japan is a beautiful part of natural attraction factor.
Accessibility- It refers to mode of transportation which helps individuals to move to their
desired destination. In this, airways, ships, railways, etc. comes which acts as a mode of
travelling.
Accommodation- These are the facilities of food and staying which are needed by guests
and tourists while travelling. Because of increased hotel numbers, tourists number is increasing
at fast rate which is resulting in growth of tourism sector.
Amenities- These are the extra facilities that are needed by guests while travelling. It
includes sunrise, festivals, tracking, Cinema, music, and so on. For example Angkor Wat, which
is located in Cambodia is popular for sunset and sunrise which helps it in becoming attractive
factor of tourists.
P4. Comparison between ways emerging global tourism destinations
Destination life cycle is determined as a procedure for explaining successive and
development stages of a particular destination in which people like to visit. There are 6 stages
which a destination has to go through. These stages are-

Exploration: In this stage, people develop a place that is special as per culture,landscape,
natural beauty, and so on. It help people in exploring new places and then they start to visit their
again and again (Lenzen and et. al., 2018).
Involvement: In this second stage, the local public started to notice at the increasing
number of visitors in their area. In this situation, these people start their own business for
providing transportation, food and guidance to these tourists.
Development: In this stage, large enterprises starts to analyse increase in number of
tourists in particular areas and than identify various opportunities that are available within that
particular place. After this, they build certain restaurants, complexes, hotels, etc. in these areas
and than provide jobs to these local people.
Consolidation: Because of increase in interest in other business, there is reduction in
contribution of them in other various activities which are farming, fishing, and so on. It can
affect the economy growth and other industries can suffer due to it.
Stagnation: The saturation stage takes place when there is high amount of competition
that can stop a business growth and specific area that is developing tourism.
Decline: The last stage which is a decline stage, in this stagnation point result in
decreasing popularity of a specific place that was popular due to large number of tourists
(Milano, Cheer and Novelli, 2019). Other situation that can take place in this stage in
rejuvenation under which a new point of attraction is generated for enhancing popularity and
ignore the decline condition with the help of cash.
Comparison between global tourism destinations
Different destinations are different from each other in relation to strategies employed by
these destinations, factors that drive growth to these places and destination life cycle. In this
context, there are two emerging destinations are selected which are Vietnam Island and Great
Wall of China and these are compared as follows-
Basis of Comparison Vietnam Island Great Wall of China
Overview This beautiful and attractive
Island is situated in South-east
Asian country and it is known
for its eye appealing beaches,
Buddhist pagodas, busting
This destination is the ancient
wall of China which is located
in China. It is about 21,196 km
long, 9.1 meter wide and its

cities and rivers.(Mohsin,
Ramli and Alkhulayfi, 2016).
height is 15 meter.
Factors driving growth The basic factor which leads to
growth of this tourism sector is
that it is attractive and
appealing to eyes. Another
reason of growth of this
emerging economy is cultural
factors as it has family values
and traditions that integrate
with influences of modern
Western.
The basic factor because of
which people are attracted
towards it is historical factor as
it has a long history and it is
said that this wall can be seen
from space.
Destination life stage This destination is at
involvement stage of
destination life cycle. Vietnam
is still in the early stage of its
evolution as a tourist
destination.
This destination is at the
decline stage as it is very old
destination and people had
almost visited this and its craze
is decreasing day by day.
(Palmer and Andrews, 2019).
Strategies employed The strategy which are
employed by Vietnam Island
to attract global tourist is to
showcase its culture to local
people which will creating an
image of cultural based
destination. (Qin, 2019).
The strategy which is
employed by great wall of
china is that it has powerful
history which demonstrates its
culture and heritage.
There are many destinations which are popular due to variety of factors and strategies
applied upon them. These factors plays an important role in growth and development of a
specific tourism place (Scott and Gössling, 2015). For instance, Vietnam Island which is
situated in Vietnam is attractive centre of tourism among visitors because it has beautiful

diversified culture and customs. The other tourism destination named, Great wall of China
demonstrates its history.
The emerging economies like China, India, Turkey, Thailand, Philippines, and so on are
contributing to a large extent in the development of globalisation. India has massive GDP growth
of around 6.5% and it is considered as a largest economy of the world within emerging markets.
Data that is released by statistics agency PSA of government demonstrates that Philippines
tourism has contributed around 12.2% which is higher than last year. The expenditure of inbound
tourism is accounted for 9.2% out of the total exports, as per the PSA (Tourism giving Philippine
economy a boost, 2019).
TASK 3
P5. Roles and responsibilities of international organisations
An international organisation is defined as an entity which is established by other
instrument that is governed by international law and it possess its own international legal
personality. Global travel and tourism enterprises has a significant role and are responsible for
enhancing global tourism growth and development. The examples of such enterprises are
European travel Commission, International air transport Association and United Nation World
Tourism Organisation that helps in the growth of tourism industry (Smith, and Ong, 2015).
There are various roles and responsibilities of these organisations towards growth and
development of global tourism which are-
Decrease in Tourism Constraints- International enterprises such as World Tourism plays
an important part in reducing barriers that can affect the tourism at global level. Moreover, these
enterprises are responsible to reduce territorial and political barriers for encouraging tourists for
global travelling for the purpose of fulfilling their desires. When these barriers and constraints
are reduced than it help the tourism organisation to influence the global tourism development.
Other responsibilities which are taken by these enterprises are effective for increasing index rate
of international tourism.
Tourism packages stipulation- UNWTO is considered as one of the large and leading
global organisation that helps in overall tourism development. These enterprises are responsible
to manage crises and barriers that has negative impact upon tourism industry. They also offers
attractive and appealing travelling packages to visitors for travelling to various places.

Promoting global tourism- Another main responsibility of international organisations is
to promote global tourism among the tourists. These enterprises helps in promoting various
investments in new tourism services and centres for the purpose of attracting interest of
customers towards global tours (Stoett, 2019).
International organisations plays a significant role in growth and development of tourism
sector. These enterprise makes people aware regarding the presence of a specific destination by
promoting them among people. Enterprises such as UNWTO is responsible in barriers reduction
which affect the tourism industry at global level. It also helps in providing many tourism
packages that helps in attracting tourists and moreover, it helps in promoting many tourism
centres for the purpose of customer attraction.
TASK 4
P6. Significance of issues, challenges and threats for future global tourism development
There are various factors which can create various challenges for development of
Tourism sector because of terrorism rate, maintaining sustainability global tourism, and changes
in conditions of climate (Wu, 2016). All these elements generates threats for international
organisation to develop index rate of tourism in future-
Security consideration- Various transportation modes such as Cruise ships, aircraft,
trains, etc. are easy for travelling to various destinations in cheap prices. There are various
threats regarding security and safety of tourist. It has generated various challenges for global
organisations for thriving global tourism successfully. Therefore, for these enterprises it is
essential to offer them best security infrastructure for making them feel safe.
Climatic conditions- Because of changes in climate and enhanced global warming index
there are certain factors that can create threat upon natural resources. Therefore for sustainable
tourism, it is significant for travelling industry to undertake remedial and major actions. In order
to serve this purpose, they can use various activities of CSR and after it can develop various
strategies fort lowering down the negative affect of tourism upon climatic conditions. Here,
government also plays a major role in framing certain policies for lowering down the carbon
activities for supporting sustainability (Brondoni, 2016).
This will help in growth and development of tourism industry and enhance the number of
visitors in various destinations. When tourists are provided with best security infrastructure and