Global Tourism Destinations: A Comprehensive Report

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1GLOBAL TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Global Tourism Destinations
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2GLOBAL TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
LO1: Nature and Scale of Global Tourism......................................................................................3
Statistics to present overview of trends and nature of tourism on a global scale........................3
Key tourism receiving and generating nations to investigate their aspects.................................5
Examples, how emerging market economies influence tourism growth in terms of tourism
nature and scale............................................................................................................................6
LO2: Growth and characteristics of emerging markets and the destination regions.......................7
Factors influencing travel for growth of global tourism receiving and generating of the world.7
Factors affecting tourism statistical trends in diverse regions of world......................................9
LO3: Roles of key organisations in development of the global tourism.......................................10
International organisations influencing global tourism development with their roles..............10
Significance of organisations affecting expansion of global tourism........................................10
LO4: Threats, Challenges and Issues to future development of global tourism............................11
Significance of challenges, issues and threats facing global tourism........................................11
Recommendations for governments and international organisations to manage future tourism
development...............................................................................................................................12
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
References......................................................................................................................................13

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Introduction
The report introduces in preparing presentation to the audience of the key decision makers from
the tourist destinations at a meeting in London. Besides, the report will analyse the key aspects,
emerging trends and characteristics of global tourism. In parts of UK, global tourism is rising
with the opportunity to offer effective tourism service, so that discovering destinations by most
of the people can be known with the spectacular landscape to the old heritage traditions
(Morrison, 2013). Global tourism also helps to understand core values and mystics of many
heritage places during the journey. Thus, this will be supported by instances, so that the
destination life cycle could be identified to analyse the factors driving growth and strategies
being employed in these areas.
LO1: Nature and Scale of Global Tourism
Statistics to present overview of trends and nature of tourism on a global scale
On a global scale, it could be identified that tourism is considered as the fastest rising sectors
with booking during 2017, reached to $1.6 trillion. Besides, TripAdvisor being one the major
industry, it relied heavily on sources for the travel information with 324 million visitors that were
recorded in 2017. It was found that Booking.com that is a popular travel site also recorded with
443 million visitors by 2018 during May. Globally, as per World Travel and Tourism Council,
tourism during 2017 added 10.4% to the international GDP, which was more than 4.6% as of
2016 (Tour Operator Software, 2018). Likewise, it is also witnessed during 2017 that $882.4
billion was being invested in the area of tourism. In that case, this was forecasted to increase by
4.8% this year, and similarly, it will rise by 4.3% for making speculation of $1408.3 billion by
2028. Thus, this is where global tourists have grown by 6% in first 6 months of 2018 when it is
compared the same in 2017. It is eventually found that there also has been intense competition
between major airlines, which have resulted in the price wars too. Below figure shows the
international tourist arrival that have raised heavily from 2000 onwards, and from 2010-2016, it
has rose from 700 million to 1.2 billion (Tour Operator Software, 2018). Countries like Asia
Pacific, Europe and Americans has found large number of global tourists.

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Figure 1: International tourist’s arrival by the world region
(Source: Roser, 2018)
To identify some more trends, it is adapted that since travellers are rising well, 54% of travellers
are probably to book holiday with tour worker that has specialised in sustainable journey. It is
also identified that 57% of the global tourists by 2030 would be travelling to the emerging
economies. Over the last decade, Tunisia, Egypt and Turkey have experienced downturn in case
of visitors. It is exacerbating that lack of tourism for these 3 nations have accredited to tourism
and war concerns (Tour Operator Software, 2018). An instance has showed that effect of Brexit
would have effect on tourism in Europe and UK, and this is quite uncertain. In fact, social media
has made influence over the stage of decision-making, as 50% travellers from UK, US, Australia
and Canada has intended that content promotions deals have made large influence on travel
plans.

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Figure 2: Economic contribution of tourism to global economy
(Source: Statista, 2017)
The figure above illustrates that tourism in overall has increased heavily from 2010 onwards, and
it can rise significantly in coming years (Morrison, 2013). For instance, in 2016, the direct
contribution was 2.31 trillion while total involvement was 7.61 trillion dollars in tourism.
Moreover, in 2017, the total contribution was 8.27 trillion dollars. Thus, it could be related that
high-end travellers from Asia is changing scenery of luxury travel from 2018.
Key tourism receiving and generating nations to investigate their aspects
As per UNWTO, China is the best growing outbound tour market, as the outbound trips grow by
yearly standard of 22% reaching to 51 million during 2010. It is predicted that China may
generate another 100 million by 2020, building the 4th largest market globally. Hong Kong
remains as a leading receiving region for tourists that accounts for 34% of the departures during
2011, followed by Japan, Singapore, Taiwan and Macau (ThoughtCo, 2018). As Macau opened
as a major destination, after Hong Kong, travellers to Macau is smaller but growth rate is same.
Australia has a good benefit on the psychology of the Chinese travellers. As opined by Buhalis
and Wagner (2013), the difference between Australia and China add attractiveness of exotic

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destination of Australia. It is being identified that European nations like UK, France and
Germany receives abundant tourists every year, and Asian tourists mostly from parts of India and
China prefer to visit there. However, the key characteristics of UK are seen as an attractive
destination for business travel and study from China. The British perception is known for its
heritage and history, and has a picture of Royal Family, well known for global fashion houses
(Morrison, 2013). Thus, it can be considered that South Asian destinations are accepted with
Chinese tourists, due to environmental culture and proximity while the market is getting heavily
mature (The Economic Times, 2019). Similarly, as Australian market is rising but there are
issues like lack of airline seats in the peak seasons, and the offered packages are not varied. It
finds that travel agencies only tend to cover areas of Sydney, Canberra, Brisbane, Melbourne and
Gold Coast.
Examples, how emerging market economies influence tourism growth in terms of tourism nature
and scale
As global tourism is increasing rapidly, as per the UN Tourism Reports, the global arrivals for
tourists have increased by 6% during 2018. While the report shows, the growth is being driven
by the increasing demand for the travel destinations in China and India as the emerging markets
(Assaf and Dwyer, 2013). As per World Tourism and Travel Council, travelling to emerging
economies is anticipated to rise twice to the rate of higher economies by 2030. For example,
Airbnb’s expansion has a picture of emerging markets, which make up majority of 25 fastest
rising nations. Thus, the listings in India by Airbnb have increased by 150%. Further, the guest
arrival on Airbnb in India increased to 78% when it is driven by 410 Indian millennials that want
a local experience. As the emerging markets are rising with the source of outbound travellers,
during 2015, it was found that around 49% of global tourism spending came from travellers from
the developing nations (Blog, 2013). By the way, there are varied partnerships that are expanding
host communities, which would try to encourage a sustainable tourism offering range of options
to the travellers. During 2016, the SEWA (Self Employed Women’s Association) represented 2
million women living in rural areas to empower members pursuing livelihood in terms of
sharing. Thus, emerging destinations like India has made new partnership with Digital
Empowerment Foundation to support the digital skills in training for many entrepreneurs.

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LO2: Growth and characteristics of emerging markets and the destination regions
Factors influencing travel for growth of global tourism receiving and generating of the world
With the increasing stage of global tourism, certain factors dwell due to the growth of tourism
generating and receiving areas of the world (Von Bergner and Lohmann, 2014). To identify the
factors that work in generating large tourists mainly in China could be depicted from the trade
war and Yuan. As the exchange rate for the US dollars to the Yuan is 6.92, as of 2018, it
ironically is high but rapid nature for the Yuan’s depreciation could be perhaps the main concern
of the tourism market. Due to US trade war as a major factor in Yuan’s decline, it may seem that
country’s central bank is devaluing currency to leg up with trade war (Brondoni, 2016).
Undoubtedly, as population in China is quite high and due to large capital to the individuals, they
tend to go for vacation in parts of Australia, Europe, Malaysia, and Hong Kong. To identify the
stage of growth in generating tourism, it is spurred that rise of technology is influencing the
demand of tourists from the populated countries. With the rise of internet, it has made more
inclined to vacationing and travel, and this shows that Smartphones today are the constant
companions (Boniface et al. 2016). With technology, sharing of holiday practices on social
media decides on the travel destinations competitively. Thus, it could be identified that rapid
developing area of business has helped China to proper with the business trips.
The growth area of tourist receiving nations is also identified by many factors. As opined by Von
Bergner and Lohmann (2014), by having a good climate with mild climate, tourists attracts
generally for a peaceful stay. For instance, most seaside resorts in UK and US are located on a
warmer area. In India, people do visit places like Darjeeling, Kashmir, Manali, Shillong, and
Sikkim for a pleasant and cool climate. Another factor could be accessibility, as tourist centres
are accessible with varied stages of transportation by roads, rails, air and water. Waterways do
provide a seldom experience for the tourist to go for a luxury cruise experience in the sea. With
this, accommodation also holds vital, as people tend to stay at hotels that offer them the luxury
and attractive experience with food and planning of trips (Cucculelli and Goffi, 2016). Tourist
receiving nations like Italy, Europe, Egypt and Turkey are attracted due to the historical
significance of the marvellous forts and monuments.

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Compare differences between emerging global tourism destinations with stages of destination
life cycle, factors driving growth and the strategies employed by all these destinations
To analyse the Destination life cycle, it proposes the exploration, which come in large numbers
restricted by facilities, local knowledge and access. Stagnation reaches a set ability, which is
being determined by ecological limits whereas Rejuvenation towards A&B is done with the
increase of infrastructure and technology (Tourism 30, 2017). Decline towards C&D includes the
stage of increased congestion at a destination where tourists are less probably to travel to a place.
Decline towards E usually result after any disaster.
Figure 3: Destination Life Cycle
(Source: Tourism 30, 2017)
Emerging
Global
Tourism
Destinations
Destination life cycle Factors driving growth Strategies employed
UAE In UAE, mainly in parts of
Dubai, the oil revenue has
accelerated the pace of
As the hospitality industry
is contributing well,
tourism in Dubai is
UAE has employed to
become a node between
South America and Asia

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development for the city. The
life cycle shows that country
receives rejuvenation with
increase of technology and
infrastructure, since Emirates
Western Style model for
business drives economy
coming from real estate,
financial services and aviation.
While there is no such possible
threat of decline, as the UAE
do not face economic crisis
(Banerjee, 2018).
emerging well. The GCC
region is also contributing
to inter-regional travel, and
it is looking for finding
good sustainable growth in
future.
that affects mobility,
and contributes to rise in
tourism. With good
association of
infrastructure and
capital investment, the
place is attractive for
many tourists to enjoy
(Morrison, 2013).
Indonesia The place is attractive, and
finds a huge development due
to the rise of GDP making it a
place of Couples to enjoy.
Every year, the destination
receives huge number of
tourists from Asian and
European nations to stage
more on exploration and
rejuvenation.
The growth factor could be
fuelled by inbound tourists
from China, rising of halal
tourism, and Australian
tourists playing a decisive
role (Future Directions
International, 2017). The
government is doing
enough funding to make
the place attractive, mainly
in areas of Bali.
Indonesian tourism is
working mainly on
sustainable tourism that
will attract large
tourists, and since it is
prone to disasters, the
government is taking
credible strategies so
that no such major
decline comes to the
country.
Table 1: Differences of Tourism destinations with factors and strategies employed
(Source: Learner)
Factors affecting tourism statistical trends in diverse regions of world
As tourism is rising steadily, it is expected to surpass 1.8 billion by 2030. It is found that Chinese
tech firms like CTrip and Alipay has found a good hold in Chinese domestic market. This is

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where lack of availability for offshore may result millions of travellers for opting in domestic
travel than international (Mathew and Sreejesh, 2017). As Americans holds annual income with
$100,000 and makes 20% of the inhabitants, the same 20% can make up the half of the US travel
spending. Statistics showed that enlarge in inbound tourism in UK could value for cash but in
2011, VisitBritain has found a 4-year marketing operation to draw more tourists. From ITW
(Independent Traveller's World), number of self-governing travellers may increase, as the survey
showed people utilising travel agents has declined from 57% to 27%. Likewise,
cheapflights.co.uk has found that traditional family holidays in Spain and Greece is proving to be
less popular than eurozone places like Tunisia and Egypt. With this, there are issues like Natural
disasters, health warnings and terrorism that has already stroked in places like Mexico, and US.
LO3: Roles of key organisations in development of the global tourism
International organisations influencing global tourism development with their roles
To analyse the International Tourism Organisations, UNWTO (World Tourism Organization) is
liable for promotion of sustainable tourism. According to Veiga, et al. (2017), it is the leading of
the all that tend to promote tourism as driver for environmental sustainability, economic growth
and offers area of leadership. It also serves as a stage for Global Forum in tourism knowledge
that encourages implementation of Global Code of Ethics in Tourism. There is also the WTTC
(World Travel and Tourism Council) that fosters private and public partnerships for encouraging
growth for $300 billion industry. However, WTTC also holds a conference and summit where
the cabinet ministers, CEOs and government leaders of high rank tourism are being invited.
However, ITO (International Tourism Organisation) includes experts that offer advice in tourism
strategy for development, investment strategy and other marketing programs in terms of leisure.
It maximizes short-term economic benefits for businesses that work with cultural and social
identity. There is also PATA (Pacific Asia Travel Association) that works in a member
association to promote in the development for tourism in Asia Pacific region.
Significance of organisations affecting expansion of global tourism

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It could be prioritised that these globalised tourism development organisations, like the UNWTO
has the objective to work on sustainable tourism that may contribute to economic development.
UNWTO also focuses in developing nations with their sustainable tourism policy, so that it can
offer financial assistance to attract the foreign tourists and educate the specialists of tourism
(Globalization101.org, 2017). For example, the WTTC from the Global Summit of 2017 showed
that it is seeking to 2030 agenda for sustainable development, so that handling challenges come
from environmental area of business in tourism. Likewise, it is identified that IES (International
Ecotourism Society) may also provide the statistics where 90 out of 109 nations having coral
reefs have been damaged by the sewage and cruise ship anchors. From an article on
Mediterranean policy, it is identified that some of the rejuvenation policies can make an area
competitive in the global market.
LO4: Threats, Challenges and Issues to future development of global tourism
Significance of challenges, issues and threats facing global tourism
As globalisation is leading uniform protocols and standards, the USP of travel companies or the
destinations lie in providing a unique experience. Nonetheless, there is a large threat to tourist
places with terrorism. According to Cornelissen (2017), terrorism may pose a large threat, as
foreign visitors are shunning the holiday destinations in wake for terrorist attacks because of
concern over security with large occupancy rates. For instance, hotels in Nice saw large decline
by revenue after the major attacks in July 2016. It is clear that terrorism shows an adverse effect
on tourists that are intending to travel to the affected cities (Travel News | eTurboNews, 2017).
There is also threat of industry’s sharing economy, as the rise of Uber and Airbnb are testament
to attraction of sharing economy, and this continues to prove a large threat to hospitality industry
(Travel News | eTurboNews, 2017). It is found that a predicted fall in the brand value has gone
unnoticed, and a large fracture has formed between Online Travel Agencies and Global Hotel
brands. However, other firms have also decided for adopting a “if you can’t beat them, join
them” approach. Significantly, travellers counter with the major diseases like Typhoid, Yellow
Fever, Hepatitis and Ebola. Presently, the Zika Virus is taking a large toll on travel industry
hugely. It is evidenced that Zika virus is persisting a major effect and the disease is causing a bad

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impact to people travelling. With all such instances, there is also the issue of infrastructure,
security and taxation in the travel industry, which needs to be improved.
Recommendations for governments and international organisations to manage future tourism
development
As future tourism by the International organisations and governments has to be improved, it is
evidenced that tour operators should equip with latest digital technology to attract more number
of tourists. It is recommended that government must come with realisation, so that tourists can
contribute to local economy through travel, retail and tourism spending (Team, 2018). With the
social media influence and technological disruptions, it is recommended by international
organisations like the ITO to harness creativity, and find a way into the travel plans of tourists.
Infrastructure also seem to be a key area, as the local government has to implement solutions that
may find faster phase of immigration at airports, better public transportation, and faster checkout
in hotels (Pratt and Liu, 2016). Since security is vital, the government has to work on sourcing
for workforce and economic resources that may boost vigilance and security without stifling
travel experience in the particular country.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that global tourism in the global world is rising, and it is providing large
preferences to tourists to have easy access to services and products. Besides, the report explains
how the emerging market economies are influencing the growth of tourism, and factors that
influence global tourism generating largely in the world. In quest, certain instances have been
made to present an overview of nature of tourism on a large scale. This is well supported with
the market economies affecting tourism growth in terms of scale and nature.