Research: Globalisation's Impact on Multinational Corporate Structures

This report examines the influence of globalisation on the corporate structure of Waitrose, a British supermarket chain. The research investigates the key concepts of globalisation, the specific corporate structure of Waitrose, and how globalisation has impacted various departments such as marketing, human resources, and operations. It explores the challenges Waitrose faces when expanding globally, including communication, regulations, and cultural differences. The report also suggests strategies for Waitrose to overcome these challenges, such as adapting to local environments and improving communication channels. The methodology employed includes an inductive approach with qualitative research to gather relevant information. The report concludes by reflecting on the research process and offering recommendations for alternative methodologies. The study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of globalisation's effect on corporate structures, using Waitrose as a case study.

Research Project

Table of Contents
TITLE: ............................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1
1.1 Background of the research .............................................................................................1
1.2 Rational of research .........................................................................................................1
1.3 Research Aim...................................................................................................................2
1.4 Research Objectives.........................................................................................................2
1.5 Research Questions..........................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................2
2.1 The major concept of globalisation..................................................................................3
2.2 The corporate structure of Waitrose.................................................................................3
2.3 The influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose..................................4
2.4 Different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised their business at global level.
................................................................................................................................................5
2.5 Different ways through which Waitrose can easily overcome challenges effectively. ...5
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................6
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS...................................................9
Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 5: RESEARCH OUTCOMES ...................................................................................21
CHAPTER 6: REFLECTION AND RECOMMENDATION FOR ALTERNATIVE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................22
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION .....................................................................................................23
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................24
.......................................................................................................................................................25
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................................26

TITLE:
“To investigate the impact of globalisation on the corporate structures of large
multinational companies and the major challenges they face”. A case study on Waitrose.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the research
Globalisation is identify as an essential process in which goods, people and ideas spread
in all over the world. It describes the way in which people and countries of the globe integrate
and interact. Along with this, corporate structure consists of different departments that contribute
to the organisation's overall goals and mission. Common departments include finance,
marketing, human resource, IT and operations. For this dissertation, chosen organisation is
Waitrose which is a chain of British supermarkets. It was founded in 1904 by Wallace Waite,
Arthur Rose, David Taylor and headquartered in Bracknell, Berkshire, United Kingdom. Apart
from this, globalisation is impact on corporate structure of Waitrose by increasing competition
for marketing department (Aharoni, 2014). This competition can be linked to product and service
price and cost, technological adaptation, target market, quick production and quick response by
companies etc. When an organisation produce with minimum cost and sells cheaper, it is capable
to enhance its market share. Globalisation is also influence on human resource department in
certain ways such as managing cultural diversity, managing various workers from different
cultures within the same enterprise. Globalisation is also impact on operations strategies of
multinational organisation directly. These strategy include economic of scale, global sourcing
research and development, and scanning and learning. Therefore, marketing, operational and
human resource departments are consider main pathway which is highly influenced by the
globalisation. Along with this, in order to globalised business functions, Waitrose face some
challenges such as foreign laws and regulations, international accounting, communication
difficulties and cultural differences etc. All these are main challenges that directly influence on
corporate-structure of company.
1.2 Rational of research
This is consider main part of dissertation which help a researcher to increase their
knowledge about the impact of globalisation on corporate-structure of company and challenges
that they face during globalised their business functions (Ariely, 2012). It is a largest topic that
1

assist an investigator to ascertain influence of globalisation and find out better ways about how
to overcome challenges and how to get success at global level. Therefore, main reason behind
selecting this topic is to enhance knowledge and achieve personal and professional objective.
After this, an investigator can easily do further research about the globalisation which will help
them in filling research gap and issues.
1.3 Research Aim
Main aim of this research is “To investigate the impact of globalisation on the corporate
structures of large multinational companies and the major challenges they face”. A case study
on Waitrose.
1.4 Research Objectives
 To identify the major concept of globalisation.
 To understand the corporate structure of Waitrose.
 To determine the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose.
 To Examine different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised their business
at global level.
 Recommend different ways through Waitrose can easily overcome challenges effectively.
1.5 Research Questions
 What the major concept of globalisation?
 What are the corporate structure of Waitrose?
 What are the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose.
 What are the different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised their business
at global level.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review is a type of scholarly paper, which consists the current knowledge
about substantive findings as well as methodological and theoretical contributions to a specific
field of study (Bock and et. al., 2012). In addition, literature reviews are the part of secondary
sources and do not study original or new experimental work. Main purpose of literature review is
to ascertain inconstancies i.e. conflict in previous studies, gap in research etc. These help a
researcher to address all research objectives in systematic and clear manner.
2

2.1 The major concept of globalisation.
According to the Mrkirschner, (2019), globalisation is the effective process of attaining a
global marketplace for products and services. It is introduce as an attempt to reduce the impact of
national boundaries or limits as a deterrent for marketing materials. It is defined by loosening of
laws and legislation that influences the export of goods. In this, multinational organisations can
manufacture and sell products in a variety of various nations. In addition, globalisation is a best
term that followed to describe increasing economic, political and social interaction and
interrelation across cultural and political boundaries. Globalisation has different advantages for
economic, political and social development. For economic development, opportunities of
employment in developing nations have maximised via global business expansion. For political
development, globalisation has lead to biggest interdependence among different regions and
countries; this promote political cooperation or practice toward common goals. At last, for social
development, globalisation enhanced flow of ideas and knowledge has allowed to learn much
more regarding other cultures and people. Therefore, globalisation is a biggest concept that help
a multinational organisation by improving different functions of company such as marketing,
operation, human resource, information technology etc. All these are consider as a part of
corporate-structure of multinational organisation.
2.2 The corporate structure of Waitrose.
According to the Andrea Rea, (2019), corporate structure introduce to the enterprise of
various departments within an organisation. In context of Waitrose, corporate-structure refers to
how a company is organized to achieve its objectives or goal. It is more important and essential
because it determines the authority, control and ownership of the company. In an organisation,
these characteristics are represented by mainly three groups including officers, directors and
shareholders. Along with this, corporate structure of Waitrose also includes different
departments such as human resource, marketing, operations, IT etc. All these are main
department and work with the aim of achieving long term growth and success globally.
Corporate or governance structure of Waitrose is designed to safeguard the future of partnership,
raise its prosperity and ensure its unity. Therefore, corporate-structure of Waitrose linked with
different departments and help an organisation to achieve better results or outputs within
predetermined period of time.
3

2.3 The influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose.
According to the Briscoe, Tarique and Schuler, (2012), corporate structure includes
different departments of company that contribute their efforts in achieving overall mission and
goals). In the structure of Waitrose, certain departments are included such as human resource,
operations, finance, IT and marketing. Along with this, globalisation has influence on all these
departments which are determined as under:
Marketing department: Globalisation is having essential influence on marketing
department of Waitrose. It help an organisation to makes their product or services more readily
available to global customers and develops employment chances in the nation (Globalization and
Organizational Structure, 2017). It is also significant for retailer by increasing completions
which is mainly related to cost of product and service, target market, adaptation of technology
etc. Thus, globalisation positively influence upon corporate-structure of company.
Human resource department: Globalisation is highly focuses on diversity, it has a
biggest influence on the way businesses manage their workers. For this, different new and
updated technologies have come out that are essential for HR professional to handle the
processes concerned in globalisation but there are few difficulties that are faced by company. HR
department learn to hire and retain knowledgeable workers at an international level. As an
organisation has to deal with complex and changing demands, human resource professional will
have a requirement to predict and handle culture-fit-policies.
Operational department: Globalisation also impact on operations strategies and
department of Waitrose in both favourable and unfavourable manner. International factors that
can be followed as a business operations strategies include, economic of scale, international
sourcing, learning and scanning, and research and development.
Therefore, all these department are introduce as an essential and main part of corporate
structure of Waitrose. It will also help an organisation to retain long term and strong position
globally.
2.4 Different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised their business at global level.
According to the Dynamic Language, (2014), there are different number of challenges
faced by company when they globalised their business functions. Some barriers and challenges
are determined as under:
4

Organisational communication: Lack of communication channels also consider main
challenge for Waitrose that highly influence upon corporate-structure of company. This barrier
influence on marketing department while communicating with customers towards product and
services. It is also influence on human resources department when selecting talented workforce
for developing business functions globally (Yu, Byun and Lee, 2014).
Laws and regulations of country: This is a biggest challenge for Waitrose because it is
not easy for them to follow all rules and regulations of country in systematic manner. It is highly
impact on business growth and success of Waitrose globally.
2.5 Different ways through which Waitrose can easily overcome challenges effectively.
According to the Crane and Matten, (2016) there are different ways available for
Waitrose to overcome challenges such as organisational communication, improper laws and
regulation, Language and cultural barriers, Local competition, Tax codes and compliance issues,
Supply chain risks, Operational risks with hiring staff etc. All these are main challenges faced by
company, thus, in order to overcome all these issues some suggestion are provided to the
company which are determined as under:
 Company should follow rules and legislation of other country properly where they
expand their business functions.
 Waitrose should use effective channels of communication that help in overcoming
communication barriers .
 Waitrose should adapt to the environment and set up a go-to market strategy
(Overcoming challenges of international expansion, 2019).
 Organisation should Find the right partner and make strong relationships with local
businesses.
 In order to overcome supply chain risk, company should develop a strategy, a business
plan, and a budget.
5

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is process used to accumulate accurate data and information about
the topic or field of study. It is a main section of dissertation and having a purpose to collect real
and valid information which is related with the research topic. In order to find different useful
method for study, research onion is consider important framework. This model has different
layers which are defined as under:
Research philosophy: Philosophy in research project mainly classified into two parts
such as interpretivism and positivism. Interpretivism philosophy will be applied in the
dissertation which will support in evaluating information effectively (Hayakawa, Machikita and
Kimura, 2012). On the other hand, positivism philosophy is nor suitable and useful for carrying
out study in proper manner.
Research approach: This part of the research methodology is categorized into two
different parts namely inductive and deductive approach. Main goal of deductive approach is to
examine theory or hypotheses related to the project (Wei and Liefner, 2012). On the other hand,
inductive research approach is principally related with the generation of unique and effective
theory rising from the information. Thus, both are necessary but according to the topic or
research, inductive approach is applied because it support in driving valid and accurate
conclusion for study.
Research choice: There are two types of research such as qualitative and quantitative.
For the useful for researcher to collect proper and relevant information about the topic. For
completing each activities of study, qualitative research is used because it provide quality and
accurate information. On the other hand, quantitative researcher is used for collecting data in
amounts, figures, facts etc. So according to the topic, researcher only select qualitative research
and gain accurate outcomes for further study.
Time horizon: In order to identifying accurate time for completing research activities,
Gantt chart is play vital role (Kennedy, Welch and Monshipouri, 2017). It is a type of graphical
presentation which help a researcher to ascertain opening and ending time duration of
dissertation. This chart includes different useful activities and their opening and completion time
which are determined as under:
6

Techniques and Procedures, and Research Instruments: Questionnaire is consider one
of the main and essential instrument and techniques of research. As it help an investigator to
collect valid and reliable information about the research topic. Therefore, it is significant for
researcher to complete each activities of research in given time period and successfully.
Data Source: For gathering relevant data about the research, there are basically two types
of data sources. One is primary source, for gathering primary information, questionnaire is
7

consider essential instrument because it help a researcher to gather reliable and valid data from
the respondents. Other one is secondary source, for accumulating secondary data, different
number of sources available such as books, journals, magazines, publication research etc. All
these source help an collecting in-depth information which is related with the topic.
Research sampling: It is a main part of research methodology which is divided into two
types such as probability and non-probability (Paliwoda, 2012). For this research, convenience
sampling method as a type non-probability are used because it not require maximum time and
cost of company as compare to probability sampling method.
Research Ethics: This is another important part of methodology which help a researcher
to collect accurate amount of data from respondents without any issues. Research ethics has three
main principles which should be follow by researcher such as informed consent, confidentiality
and anonymity.
Research limitations: There are different limitation or boundaries which are witnessed at
the duration of carrying out research project. For this, research, time is consider biggest
limitation because topic is vast and for getting response from respondents, particular time period
is required.
Research reliability and validity: Reliability and validity of research is based on
questionnaire instrument of primary research. It is useful techniques for researcher by providing
valid and reliable data or information which is mainly related with the research topic
(Rosenstreich and Wooliscroft, 2012).
8

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS
Data Analysis
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Email:
Address:
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the concept of globalisation?
Yes
No
Q2) What are the elements on which the corporate structure of Waitrose is based?
Marketing department
Operational department
Human resource Department
Q3) What are the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose?
Economic of scale
Increased competition
Foreign direct Investment
Q4) What are the different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised their business at
global level.
Foreign laws and regulations
International accounting
Communication difficulties
Cultural differences
Q5) Which entry modes are used by Waitrose for globalised their business functions?
Joint venture
Merger & acquisition
Strategic alliance
9

Q6) What ways are used by Waitrose to overcome the hazards that are caused due to globalised
business functions?
Accurately follow rules and regulations
Adopt proper communication channel
Effective business strategies
Q7) What well-beings are attained by Waitrose by its globalised business operations?
High Growth
Effective market demand
Wide customers reach
Increasing Profitability
Q8) Does the implementation of globalised business operation are beneficial for the growth of
Waitrose?
Yes
No
Q9) What are the major factors that pushes Waitrose to implement globalised business
operations?
Finance
Competitor efficiency
Technological advancement
Q10) Recommend different ways through Waitrose can easily overcome challenges effectively.
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the concept of globalisation? Frequency
Yes 25
No 20
Q2) Which departments are effective in developing proper corporate structure of
Waitrose?
Frequency
Marketing department 10
Operational department 15
10

Human resource Department 20
Q3) What are the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose? Frequency
Economies of scale 12
Increased competition 18
Foreign direct Investment 15
Q4) What are the different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised
their business at global level?
Frequency
Foreign laws and regulations 20
International accounting 15
Communication difficulties 5
Cultural differences 5
Q5) Which entry modes are used by Waitrose for globalised their business
functions?
Frequency
Joint venture 10
Merger & acquisition 10
Strategic alliance 25
Q6) What ways are used by Waitrose to overcome the hazards that are caused due
to globalised business functions?
Frequency
Accurately follow rules and regulations 20
Adopt proper communication channel 10
Effective business strategies 15
Q7) What benefits are attained by Waitrose by its globalised business operations? Frequency
High Growth 10
Effective market demand 15
Wide customers reach 10
11

Increasing Profitability 10
Q8) Does the implementation of globalised business operation are beneficial for
the growth of Waitrose?
Frequency
Yes 30
No 15
Q9) What are the major factors that pushes Waitrose to implement globalised
business operations?
Frequency
Finance 20
Competitor efficiency 20
Technological advancement 5
Q10) Recommend different ways through Waitrose can easily overcome
challenges effectively.
Theme 1: respondents have knowledge about the concept globalisation.
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the concept of globalisation? Frequency
Yes 25
No 20
Interpretation:
12
Yes No
0
5
10
15
20
25

From the analysis it is seen that that 25 out of 45 respondents are aware about the idea of
globalization as they are having suitable knowledge in regards to the aspects of globalization and
remaining people are not aware about the same as they are not having prospective information
about globalization.
Theme 2: Human resource department is considered as the effective department for developing
corporate structure.
Q2) Which departments are effective in developing proper corporate structure of
Waitrose?
Frequency
Marketing department 10
Operational department 15
Human resource Department 20
Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 20 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that human resource department is important for effective in development of proper
corporate structure. While on the other hand it is seen that 15 respondents are with the
operational department and only 10 respondent agree with marketing department.
13
Marketing department
Operational department
Human resource Department
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

Theme 3: The main influence was of increased competition.
Q3) What are the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose? Frequency
Economies of scale 12
Increased competition 18
Foreign direct Investment 15
Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 18 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that increased competition is influencing the globalization in the corporate culture while
on the other hand it is seen that foreign direct investment is on the second position as compares
from increased competition. Also the economies of scale is considered as at the last position with
only 12 number of respondent.
Theme 4: Foreign laws and regulations is considered as the challenge.
Q4) What are the different challenges faced by Waitrose when they globalised
their business at global level?
Frequency
Foreign laws and regulations 20
International accounting 15
14
Economies of scale
Increased competition
Foreign direct Investment
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18

Communication difficulties 5
Cultural differences 5
Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 20 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that foreign laws and regulations are considered as challenges faced by Waitrose when
they globalised their business at global level.
Theme 5: Strategic alliance is considered as the entry mode
Q5) Which entry modes are used by Waitrose for globalised their business
functions?
Frequency
Joint venture 10
Merger & acquisition 10
Strategic alliance 25
15
Foreign laws and regulations
International accounting
Communication difficulties
Cultural differences
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 25 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that strategic alliance is considered as entry modes which is used by Waitrose for
globalized their business functions.
Theme 6: Accurately follow rules and regulations is used by Waitrose to overcome the hazards
Q6) What ways are used by Waitrose to overcome the hazards that are caused due
to globalised business functions?
Frequency
Accurately follow rules and regulations 20
Adopt proper communication channel 10
Effective business strategies 15
16
Joint venture Merger & acquisition Strategic alliance
0
5
10
15
20
25

Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 20 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that Accurately follow rules and regulations is used by Waitrose to overcome the
hazards. Also the 15 respondent said that Effective business strategies should be used in this
manner.
Theme 7 : effective market demand is adopted for globalisation.
Q7) What benefits are attained by Waitrose by its globalised business operations? Frequency
High Growth 10
Effective market demand 15
Wide customers reach 10
Increasing Profitability 10
17
Accurately follow rules and regulations
Effective business strategies
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 15 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that effective market demand is adopted for globalization. And it is seen that all other
respondent are equally weighing all other factors.
Theme 8: respondents agree that implementation of globalised business operation are beneficial
for the growth
Q8) Does the implementation of globalised business operation are beneficial for
the growth of Waitrose?
Frequency
Yes 30
No 15
18
High Growth
Effective market demand
Wide customers reach
Increasing Profitability
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16

Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 30 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that implementation of globalized business operation are beneficial for the growth.
Theme 9: finance is considered as factor that pushes Waitrose to implement globalized business
operations.
Q9) What are the major factors that pushes Waitrose to implement globalised
business operations?
Frequency
Finance 20
Competitor efficiency 20
Technological advancement 5
19
Yes No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30

Interpretation:
According to the survey report it has been analyzed that 20 out of 45 respondents are
agreeing that finance is considered as factor that pushes Waitrose to implement globalized
business operations also it is seen that Competitor efficiency considered as factor that pushes
Waitrose to implement globalized business operations.
20
Finance
Competitor efficiency
Technological advancement
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

CHAPTER 5: RESEARCH OUTCOMES
Effective outcomes of research is based on primary and secondary source of study. For
this, questionnaire is consider as a primary source which help a researcher to get reliable and
valid outcomes of research. Outcomes on the basis of primary source are discussed in above
chapter. Apart from this, accurate outcomes or results on the basis of secondary source are
determined as under:
 Globalisation is a biggest concept and effective system of interaction among the nations
of the globe in order to develop international economy. It introduce to the integration of
societies and economics all over the globe (Shenkar, Luo and Chi, 2014). Concept of
globalisation involves technological, political, cultural and economic exchanges made
possible mostly by advance in transportation, infrastructure and communication. Thus, it
help all stakeholders of company to improve their business functions successfully.
 Corporate-structure of Waitrose includes different departments such as finance,
marketing, operation, human resource etc. All these department are highly effected by
globalisation by increasing competing, reducing cost etc.
 Waitrose faces different issues due to expanding business globally such as laws and
regulation, poor communication channels etc.
 In order to overcome all these challenges company should follow different ways such as
following all rules and regulation in proper way, adopting different channels of
communication etc. Therefore, all these help the stakeholders of company to achieve
better outcomes for Waitrose (Sifianou, 2013).
21

CHAPTER 6: REFLECTION AND RECOMMENDATION FOR
ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Refraction: In order to doing research activities, I observed as there are different methods
for collecting reliable and valid information about the study. In this, I seen as primary and
secondary source of researcher is more valuable for me because with the help of this I was easily
collect accurate information. Along with this, questionnaire is best method for accumulating
exert and valid data from the respondents but in during the process I was faced some difficulties.
This issue mainly related with the unethical and improper behaviour of respondents. Along with
this, globalisation is a biggest concept that help me by increasing my knowledge and skills about
the topic. It will also support me to do further researcher in more effective and systematic
manner.
Recommendation: From the above given report, it has been recommend that
globalisation is a largest topic for development and growth of company. In during the process of
globalisation, company faces some issues such as government rules and regulation, improper
communication channels, inaccurate business strategies etc. All these are major problem that
directly influence upon corporate structure of Waitrose. In order to overcome all these
challenges, some recommendation are provided to the company which are explained as under:
 Waitrose should follow government rules and regulations in proper manner. Thus, it help
them in improving business position globally.
 Company should adopt different types of communication channels which will help them
by reducing communication barriers among customers or employees. In order to improve their success and growth internationally, company should provide
quality products or services at reasonable price. Thus, it will help them in maximising
customer base and also support in increasing market share of company.
Alternative research Methodology: Interview is consider as a alternative method of
research which will also useful for researcher to collect relevant data or information about the
topic (Velthuis, 2014). This method is require by researcher when they need in-depth
understanding about the topic. Thus, it is important for investigator to gather accurate
information and do further research more systematic and effective manner.
22

CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report, it can be concluded that globalisation help an
organisation to increment competition, accomplish better outcomes etc. According to the result
of primary source, more than half of the population are said globalisation is a biggest and
beneficial concept for growth and development of company. For collecting data about the topic,
different methods was used such as primary and secondary source, sampling method,
philosophies, approaches, qualitative and quantitative research etc. All these are useful method
and give better outputs to do further research in more systematic and essential manner.
23

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Aharoni, Y., 2014. Coalitions and Competition (Routledge Revivals): The Globalization of
Professional Business Services. Routledge.
Ariely, G., 2012. Globalisation and the decline of national identity? An exploration across sixty‐
three countries. Nations and Nationalism. 18(3). pp.461-482.
Bock, A. J. and et. al., 2012. The effects of culture and structure on strategic flexibility during
business model innovation. Journal of Management Studies. 49(2). pp.279-305.
Briscoe, D., Tarique, I. and Schuler, R., 2012. International human resource management:
Policies and practices for multinational enterprises. Routledge.
Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and
sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press.
Hayakawa, K., Machikita, T. and Kimura, F., 2012. Globalization and productivity: A survey of
firm‐level analysis. Journal of Economic Surveys. 26(2). pp.332-350.
Kennedy, E. T., Welch, C. E. and Monshipouri, M., 2017. Multinational corporations and the
ethics of global responsibility: Problems and possibilities. In Human Rights and
Corporations (pp. 123-147). Routledge.
Paliwoda, S. J., 2012. The impact of globalization on networks and relationship
dynamics. Industrial Marketing Management. 41(5). pp.727-729.
Rosenstreich, D. and Wooliscroft, B., 2012. Assessing international journal impact: the case of
marketing. European Business Review. 24(1). pp.58-87.
Shenkar, O., Luo, Y. and Chi, T., 2014. International business. Routledge.
Sifianou, M., 2013. The impact of globalisation on politeness and impoliteness. Journal of
Pragmatics. 55. pp.86-102.
Velthuis, O., 2014. The impact of globalisation on the contemporary art market: The traditional
gallery model at risk. Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World. p.87.
Wei, Y. D. and Liefner, I., 2012. Globalization, industrial restructuring, and regional
development in China. Applied geography. 32(1). pp.102-105.
Yu, Y., Byun, W. H. and Lee, T. J., 2014. Critical issues of globalisation in the international
hotel industry. Current Issues in Tourism. 17(2). pp.114-118.
Online
Mrkirschner, 2019. Concept of globalization. 2017. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/explain-concept-golobization-its-
advantages-567033>.
What is Corporate Structure?. 2019. [Online]. Available
through:<https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/corporate-
structure/>.
Globalization and Organizational Structure. 2017. [Online]. Available
through:<https://study.com/academy/lesson/globalization-and-organizational-
structure.html>.
Dynamic Language. 2014. Challenges for companies going global. . 2017. [Online]. Available
through:<http://blog.dynamiclanguage.com/what-are-the-8-main-challenges-for-
companies-going-global>.
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Overcoming challenges of international expansion. 2019. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.tradegecko.com/blog/overcoming-5-top-challenges-of-
international-expansion>.
25

APPENDIX
Research Proposal Form
Student Name: ______________________ Student ID:
____________
Centre Name: _____________________
Tutor: ________________ Date:
___________________
Unit: ____________________
Proposed Title: ______________________________________________
Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title or working title of the research project (in the form of a question,
objective or hypothesis)
Title: To investigate the impact of globalisation on the corporate
structures of large multinational companies and the major challenges
they face. A case study on Waitrose.
Research objectives (e.g what is the question you want to answer? What
do you want to learn how to do? What do you want to find out?):
Research Questions:
 What the major concept of globalisation.
 What are the corporate structure of Waitrose? What are the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of
Waitrose. What are the different challenges faced by Waitrose when they
globalised their business at global level.
Research Objectives:
 To identify the major concept of globalisation.
 To understand the corporate structure of Waitrose.
 To determine the influence of globalisation on corporate structure of
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Waitrose.
 To Examine different challenges faced by Waitrose when they
globalised their business at global level.
 Recommend different ways through Waitrose can easily overcome
challenges effectively.
Section Two: Reasons for choosing this research project
Reasons for choosing the project (e.g links to other subjects you are
studying, personal interest, future plans, knowledge/skills you want to
improve, why the topic is important):
Main reasons behind selecting the research topic is to investigate impact
of globalisation on corporate structure of Waitrose and different
challenges that they faced globally. Thus, it is a biggest topic that help
an investigator to enhance their knowledge in specific field of study.
Section Three: Literature sources searched
Use of key literature sources to support your research question, objective
or hypothesis:
 https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/explain-concept-golobization-its-advantages-567033
 https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/corporate-structure/
 https://study.com/academy/lesson/globalization-and-organizational-structure.html
 http://blog.dynamiclanguage.com/what-are-the-8-main-challenges-for-companies-going-global
 https://www.tradegecko.com/blog/overcoming-5-top-challenges-of-international-expansion
Section Four: Activities and timescales
Activities to be carried out during the research project (e.g
research, development and analysis of ideas, writing, data
collection, numerical analysis, tutor meetings, production of final
outcome, evaluation, writing the report):
Ho
w
lon
g
this
will
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tak
e:
Milestone one: _________________
Target date (set by tutor): ____________________
Milestone two: _______________________
Target date (set by tutor): ______________________
Gantt Chart
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Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
What type of research approach and methodologies are you likely to use
and why? What your areas of research will cover:
Research approach: This section of the research methodology is
classified into two different parts such as inductive and deductive. Main
aim of deductive approach is to testing theory or hypotheses. On the
other hand, inductive approach is mainly concerned with the generation
of unique theory emerging from the data. Thus, both are essential but
according to the topic, inductive approach is used because it help in
driving valid conclusion for field of study.
Research Philosophy: There are mainly two types of research philosophy
namely interpretivism and positivism philosophy. For this research
project interpretivism philosophy is used which will support in evaluating
information effectively and accurately which will further outputs in
arriving at valid conclusion. On the other side, there is another
philosophy is positivism which is not suitable and beneficial for carrying
out research activities systematically.
Primary and secondary source: There are basically two types of data
sources such as primary and secondary. With the help of primary source,
questionnaire is prepared and it will help in accumulating real data about
the topic. In case of secondary sources, books, magazines etc. are used to
gather proper information which is related to the topic.
Sampling: For selecting sample size, there are two methods namely
probability and non-probability. Both methods are useful and application
but according to the research topic, non-probability and in which
convenience sampling used. Therefore, with the help of this method 45
respondents are selected.
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Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted
for another qualification and is appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker( IV sampling)
Comments (Optional):
I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV)
Date
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Research Ethics approval form
All students conducting research activity that involves human participants
or the use of data collected form human participants are required to gain
ethical approval before commencing their research. Please answer all
relevant questions and note that your form may be returned if incomplete.
For further support and guidance please see your respective Unit Tutor:
Before completing this form, we advise that you discuss your proposed
research fully with your unit tutor. Please complete this form in good time
before your research project is due to commence.
Section 1: Basic details:
Project title:
Title: To investigate the impact of globalisation on the corporate
structures of large multinational companies and the major challenges
they face. A case study on Waitrose.
Student name:
Student ID number:
Programme:
College Name:
Intended research start date:
Intended research end date:
Section 2 Project summary
Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your
project:
 Interviews Yes No
 Questionnaires Yes No
 Observations Yes No
 Use of personal records Yes No
 Data Analysis Yes No
 Action Research Yes No
 Focus Groups Yes No
 Others (Please specify) :
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Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where
necessary.
Will your research involve human participants?
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: Young people aged: 17-18 Adults
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
With the help of sampling method participants will be recruited. For this
non-probability method is used.
Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you
are doing:
To inform all participants, researcher use different tools such as social
media, website, mobile application etc. all these are work as an effective
process and assist an organisation to collect accurate data about the
topic.
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How
will it be made clear to participants that they may withdraw consent to
participate at any time?
Questionnaire instrument is essential and important tool to obtaining
consent from selected respondents which is mainly in form of written.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of
omitting questions that do not wish to answer?
Yes No
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical
issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be
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asked for their informed consent to be observed.
Yes No
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give
them a brief explanation of the study)?
Yes No
Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?
(This could be a brief summary of your findings in general)
Yes No
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance
with the Data Protection Act (1998)
Yes No
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
Researcher
During the research:
Researcher
Where will the data be stored?
Data will be stored in computer system.
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes No
If Yes, please provide further details:
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After the research:
Where will the data be stored?
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
Will data be kept for use by other researchers? Yes No
Section 5 : Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise
ethical concerns? If so, please outline how you will deal with these:
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks
that may arise because of your research. Please consider/address all
issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not limited
to the following :
 Informed consent.
 Potentially vulnerable participants.
 Sensitive topics
 Risk to participants and /or researchers
 Confidentiality/anonymity
 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research
(including transfer, sharing, encryption, protection).
 Reporting
 Dissemination and use of your findings.
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s
Research and Ethics Policy: Yes No
I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my
Unit Tutor:
Yes No
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of
the ethical issues that may arise in the course of my research
Name: Date:
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Please submit your completed form to your supervisor and also
attach to the Research Proposal when submitting to Turnitin.
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