University of Sunderland: Globalization in the Business Environment

This research paper delves into the multifaceted concept of globalization within the business environment, examining its impact on consumers and the broader global society. It begins by defining globalization and its historical context, highlighting its evolution through advancements in transportation and communication. The essay then explores key perspectives, including hyper-globalist and skeptic viewpoints, analyzing their arguments and implications. A central focus is the examination of policy concerns and their connection to the skeptic perspective on globalization. The paper assesses globalization's influence on culture, economic progress, and international trade, offering a critical evaluation of its benefits and challenges for various stakeholders. The essay concludes by evaluating the positive or negative impacts of globalization on consumers and society. It draws on relevant theories and academic sources to support its arguments.

Globalization in the business environment 1
GLOBALIZATION IN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
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Globalization in the business environment 2
Abstract
The past decades have seen the development in the intensity of cases of globalization in a
business environment. Globalization has been argued to be the primary force that has shaped
societies, politics, as well as economies. The major objective of this research paper is to evaluate
different theories on perspectives on the extent globalization within business operations. This
paper focuses on illustrating if impacts of globalization have been positive or negative for
various consumers together with wider global society. The presentation of this paper commences
by giving a clear description of the concept of globalization in the business environment.
Following the definition, the presentation of this paperwork will outline some of the key
perspectives of globalization phenomena. Some of the aspects that will be addressed in this work
comprise of hyper-globalist perspectives along with skeptics’ perspective. After that, the
presentation of ideas on this paper will aim at the examination of policy concern and the manner
it connects to skeptics’ perspective on the case of globalization. The presentation concludes by
examining various impacts that globalization has on the consumer and wider society before
giving verdict whether it has positive or negative impacts to the two elements under examination.
Introduction
Globalization refers to a concept that has received a lot of argument to have no distinct
description. However, it has been recorded that globalization refers to the process of interaction
as well as the integration of people, corporations, alongside authorities around the international
communities. As the complex as well as multifaceted phenomena, globalization is a term
considered by some individuals in the business community to be the form of capitalist
development that entails the integration of local with national’s finances into the worldwide,

Globalization in the business environment 3
unregulated economy of the market (Negoita 2013). However, the aspect of globalization in the
business environment has grown due to several reasons. For instance, it has grown due to
advances in the system of transportation and advancement in the technology used for
communication. With advancements in international interactions comes the development of
global trade, customs, and ideas of conducting businesses. Globalization thus becomes primarily
the financial or economic process of interaction as well as integration that is linked with different
aspects such as social alongside custom aspects (Fırat 2017). However, cases of diplomacy and
conflicts are also large sections of the history of globalization together with modern
globalization. Therefore, the primary objective of this research article is to crucially compare
diverse perspectives on the level of globalization within the business setting through ideas that
are drawn on relevant theories. This paper also aims at examining if the influence that
globalization has are optimistic or harmful for customers alongside wider community.
Globalization in the business environment
In most cases, globalization remains to be the term utilized to describe how various
nations, individuals, and businesses around the global society are becoming more interconnected.
The interconnection is evident due to different forces that include technology, transportation, and
media, along with international economies that make it simpler for goods and services across
traditional boundaries or limits (Barannyk 2017). Besides, globalization offers both benefits as
well as challenges to customers, business operators, and wider society. It is clear that
globalization can provide a tremendous chance for economic progress to improve the life quality
for most individuals. It can also lead to different challenges with the workers’ welfare, their
economies, and the environment as businesses globalize and shift their operations amid nations

Globalization in the business environment 4
to take advantage of lower charges of conducting business in other markets around international
business community (Boon 2017). Globalization creates various opportunities for several nations
to experience expansion in their economies. Economic advancement is the enhancement in the
number of goods together with services produced by the economy over the duration. The best
way of classifying the economic progress of nations due to globalization is to divide them into
various categories (Khandwalla 2017). These categories comprise of industrialized, developing,
as well as less-developed nations. Therefore, the concept of globalization is generally used
presently not only in social science but in other areas such as journalism and popular disclosure.
However, globalization is still poorly described on how it impacts the business environment and
consumers in every activity they undertake in business.
The advancement in global economy in the current century as transformed economic,
political, social, and educational landscape in the profound as well as indelible manner. Never
before in the history of humanity has the pace of changes in business structure been more
pervasive, rapid, alongside international in its context (Yasin and Faqir 2016). The advanced
economy is supposed of the trilogy of different interactive forces that comprise of globalization,
liberalization of trade, and the revolution of information technology and communications.
Globalization has melted different borders of states, free trade has improved integration of the
economy, and the revolution of communication and information has been made geography and
time irrelevant (Chung 2014). Moreover, the advanced economy is created on the custom of
innovation. Indeed, the mark of signature of the new global economy is new technologies, ideas,
along with new initiatives in the business environment.
Concept of globalization

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The concept of globalization in the business environment has argued to have no distinct
definition making it to be a challenging task to distinguish it and has often been used
ambiguously. The term of globalization has the theoretical construct that is itself contested and
opens for several meanings together with infections. Therefore, the meaning of globalization is
dependent on the context in which it is applicable (Kim 2016). It has been reported that
globalization to be the prominent concern amongst sociologists and geographers as well as
finalists and political scientist and is examined within every paradigm, from neo-classical
economics to post-modern social hypothesis to realist international connections hypothesis to
Marxism (Boiarchuk 2017). Globalization comprises of distinct phrases that include international
customer free operations of trade, internationalization, together with interdependence.
On the other perspective, Madra (2017) portrays globalization in the business community
through the use of four different main changes. The authors stated that globalization primarily
encompasses the eradication of the border as a result of financial, social, along with political
traits. The subsequent trait entails the progress of links amid culture, flows of trade, as well as
investment. The third trait is the intensification of the combination of preference of consumer,
ideas, goods, data, and people, along with capital (Saunders, Wong, and Saunders2011). The last
trait of globalization consists of the prospective international influence that local progress has on
other economies, perhaps resulting in international consequences. These characteristics that
illustrate the concept of globalization are a term to be remarkably fluid.
Theoretical perspectives on globalization
The concept that relates to globalization as provoked much disagreement as well as
discussions concerning its advantages along with conceptualization. There are two distinct

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schools of thoughts that discuss two extreme accounts of the concept of globalization together
with its influences. These are a term to be the hyper-globalist as well as the skeptics (Vveinhardt
and Papsiene 2013). These two perspectives provide a distinct view on issues that relate to
localization in the business environment. The perspective of hyper-globalists generally focuses
on recognizing globalization phenomena as the element with positive, social, economic, along
with political outcomes. Globalization in most cases is considered to be the process that consists
of interconnectedness as it aid in the process of shaping global integration. As reported by
Mukherjee (2018), the globalization shows the advanced phenomena where global regulations
predetermine the conclusion of the nation to state in businesses. However, optimists play a key
role in the operations of the business in the current globalized society. For instance, optimist
plays the function of promoting different ideas that globalization established the single
international market capable of managing operations on its own.
Skeptics argue that the explanation on globalization condemns the traits of globalization
supported by the views of hyper-globalists. Skeptics in its work failed to accept the notion of
advanced globalization and further argued that globalization is not exclusive and it has been the
persistent phenomena in business operations. Besides, skeptics do not oppose the idea of
globalization altogether but oppose in its present form. According to Chung (2014), globalization
can create dissatisfaction and is widely viewed as the advanced form of capitalism or
imperialism that inherently have an adverse influence on customs and development of
developing states.
The skeptics’ perspective on globalization in the business environment

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The perspective of skeptics’ records that globalization to be the necessary myth that is
useful in concealing developing nations as well as institutions goal of expanding policies of
neoliberal around the global society. These policies assume that globalization refers to the device
used by those individuals in power such as European and American nations to dominate what
occurs in the business environment. However, skeptics’ do not presuppose the desire that targets
at removing globalization, although it agrees that several aspects of it tend to be lawful. For
instance, skeptics’ argued that although instances o globalization benefits developed financial
states, it indirectly disadvantages less developing states. In the early days of 1999, the United
Nations established that there existed less than twenty less developed nations that had positive
gains as an outcome of globalization. The study illustrated that the disparity in cases of income
per capita reported amongst the richest nations as well as the poorest nations had increased from
thirty times in early days of 1960 an to 70 times in the New millennial. Conversely, the disparity
signifies the degree to which nations do not benefit as much as their developed counterparts.
Therefore, the aspect of globalization is argued to unfairly redistribute income, thereby
increasing the wage discrepancies amid the unskilled individuals in the labor force and skilled
labor force. These aspects of globalization inevitably develop societal as well as disparities in the
hierarchy that inherently affects local custom.
Culture alongside globalization
According to skeptics’ perspective, it is clear that it globalization threatens local culture
and traditional believes of society. According to this perspective, globalization is urged to
contain diffused systems of customer belief through imposing the advanced sense of identity,
displaying traditional customs, and way of life. As indicated by Grootjans and Newman (2012),

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preferences of products of consumers, for instance, movies, food, and music allows clients to
embrace the customs and traditions of the country of produce as it is circulated has flooded non-
western marketplaces with products priced at resoundingly affordable rates that have been
argued to have threatened the availability of local produce leading to displacement of local
farmers. Importantly, host nations purchase different foods of America that essentially encourage
local individuals into embracing the culture leading in the reshaping of their customs.
There is fear among developing countries of losing their tradition together with identity
as the country such as China (Blanton and Peksen 2017). China has blocked international
influences of culture from assessing their markets throughout the limitation of access to the
media, internet, together with publications. Globalization has been termed to contain caused the
improvement in the rate of migration and import rates in the markets of the United Kingdom
over decades. While the United Kingdom has enjoyed the development of products, the
movement of the individual has not. Migration has brought forth individuals with diverse cultural
backgrounds to the business in the UK that has been feared to have had the negative influence
effect on the culture of English and systems of welfare (Hershey 2012). Different movements in
operations have been gained throughout employment in companies that are transactional
corporations by the educated few while the poor have been restricted to illegal approaches.
Critical evaluation
Hyper-globalists disregard difference in culture as well as perceived customs of people as
a variant such as preferences of the consumer as the outcome do not contain the impact on global
finance. The new era of globalization governs economic, political, social, and cultural orders
through authority and institutions that comprise of a global trade union, World Bank, and Fund

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for international momentary. According to the study by Showstack (2015), the author noted that
different institutions that are governed by globalization are often known to be the key actors of
the aspect of globalization. Instances of globalization have been reported to have a huge impact
on operations of different governmental authority around the business settings (Lynch 2015).
Moreover, within such organizations, skeptics’ argue that decisions made are nearly controlled y
the developed nations such as America and European nations such as France.
Effects of globalization to consumer and wider society
Globalization has stayed to be a complicated issue within the business environment. The
complication makes it tough to conclude whether its merits exceed demerits within operations of
customers and wider society (Russo 2016). Therefore, it is significant to evaluate the advantages
along with the disadvantages of globalization before drawing any conclusion on how it impacts
customers and wider society. Some of the positive impacts of globalization comprise of ideas
that it enhances the development of different nations, it favors westernization, reduces the
number of barriers in trade, and it also improves education. Some of the negative impacts of
globalization for several consumers and wider society comprise of degradation of environment,
unfair conditions of work, fall in growth rate in employment, and growing disparity between the
poor and the rich, making a country to become poorer, rapid spread of deadly disease, and too
much dominance is offered to the limited number of nations. As recorded by Murphy (2015),
globalization has the potential to make the world a better place to reside in and solve some of the
problems that are deep-seated such as poverty and unemployment.
Positive of impacts of globalization for various consumers together with wider global
society

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Enhancement in employment opportunities
Globalization has impacted the development of opportunities for employment. Such
developments do arise because many companies can set different businesses all over the
international business setting. Several persons are then able to get a variety of jobs without
having the inconvenience of moving to different nations to look for opportunities for
employment (Jackson 2013). Presently, organizations such as Google and Microsoft among
others have established their offices in different states. Such enhancements have been important
as it helps consumers to receive services that they need within the place of their reach.
It improves the education system
Enhancement in globalization has allowed various individuals to move easily across
borders. They can move to various areas of the international community to attain a better
education. Globalization has the function of integrating different believes of persons
internationally. Therefore, globalization works towards improving the lives of people to move to
different regions as they seek higher education without any fear. Therefore, help the wider
society in encouraging the sharing of cultures through the education process (Weiher and Beladi
2011). Besides, globalization has impacted individuals to move from one region to another in
search of different opportunities for education. Individuals who hail from developing nations can
attain a better education as they move to further their studies in developed nations.
Increase in operation of free trade
Globalization around business setting has led to an increase in free trade that has opened
different doors to investors. The investors from the developed nation are above through
globalization to set up businesses in developing states (Jain 2015). Multinational organizations

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from developed states have the freedom to operate in developing nations as a form of increasing
their opportunities for employment. It also helps in improving transport as well s communication
infrastructure within the wider society.
The faster flow of information in a business environment
Through the process of globalization, information sharing process between operators of
different businesses and customers has been improved. Most customers are above to receive and
send a request to their suppliers with ease. Vital data can be transferred from an individual to
another and between corporations in the matter of a second (Ojo 2018). Therefore, globalization
has impacted the ease of transportation of different goods, individuals, as well as services all
over the globe.
Negative of impacts of globalization for various consumers together with wider global
society
Causes environmental damage
Globalization has resulted in increased production for business to meet different demand
of global society. Increase in production means more natural resources that are always utilized in
production to be used up before they are regenerated resulting in the adverse influence on the
business environment. In developing nations, regulations and laws on protection of the
environment are not as strict as in developed countries. The lack of necessary laws has seen
some multinational corporations migrate from their native regions to set up In developing nations
(Qabulov 2017). These companies that move from their place of origin always aim at taking
advantage of this law regulation in the process they manufacture different products that might be
harmful to the consumer or wider society.

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Leads to fluctuation in prices of commodities
The increment in business competition means that every business with the best offer of
prices wins in their operations. Due to instances of competition, prices of various commodities
are always fluctuating. For instance, a state like the US has reduced its prices often to compete
with prices of similar yields for other states such as China (Świątkowski 2011). It is evident that
the production cost of China is slower than the US, hence, they can have ridiculously fair prices.
Causes job insecurity
Globalization offers the double-edged sword when it comes to the employment sector. It
creates a job for individuals in developing nations who offer affordable and cheaper
manufacturing jobs. For instance, organization is setting up in different markets such as in India
and China because of the reason that wages and manufacturing jobs are cheaper in their markets.
The cheap prices mean that there are minimal changes in developed worlds (Hershey 2012).
Therefore, globalization takes different jobs from one state and offers them to another different
country. Such operations can be negative or positive relying on what section of the world an
individual hails from in the wider society.
Conclusion
From the above discussion, globalization has been represented to be phenomena that have
been hugely debated from various perspectives over the past century. Globalization has been
presented to be the term utilized to describe how various nations, individuals, and businesses
around the global society are becoming more interconnected. The interconnection is evident due
to different forces that include technology, transportation, and media, along with international
economies that make it simpler for goods and services across traditional boundaries or limits.