Relationship Between Globalization, Digital Tech, and M&S: Research

This research project investigates the relationship between globalization and the implications of digital technology, using Mark & Spencer as a case study. The report begins by outlining the research problem and questions, followed by a comprehensive literature review exploring the concepts of globalization, its benefits for M&S, the relationship between globalization and digital technology, and the challenges M&S faces as a global brand. The methodology section details the research philosophy. The report then presents research findings, data analysis, and a discussion of how findings can be communicated to stakeholders. The study examines globalization's impact on business operations, challenges faced by M&S, and the role of digital technology in international expansion. The research aims to identify the relationship between globalization and digital technology and offers insights into the company's global strategy, challenges, and opportunities. The report concludes with a reflection on the project's success, a bibliography, and appendices.

RESEARCH
PROJECT
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Contents
Section 1: Research Problem or Questions......................................................................................3
Section 2: Literature Review...........................................................................................................7
Section 3: Research Methodology.................................................................................................10
Section 4: Outline Research and Findings.....................................................................................11
Section 5: Data Analysis................................................................................................................12
Section 6: Communicate Findings to Stakeholder.........................................................................26
Section 7: Reflection of the success of Research Project..............................................................34
Section 8: Bibliography.................................................................................................................36
Section 9: Appendices....................................................................................................................38
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Section 1: Research Problem or Questions
TITLE
“To identify the relationship between of globalization and Implications of Digital
Technology. A study on Mark & Spencer.
Introduction
Overview of the Research
Globalisation is considered as the process of international integration which are arising
through the interchange of world views, ideas, products, services and other element of culture.
Globalisation is also refers as the processes that plays effective role in increases worldwide
exchange of national and cultural resources. Technology is mainly determined as the driving
force of globalisation which has an effective positive relationship with internationalisation of
businesses (Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez, 2013). Globalisation is a wide concept that provides
opportunities to the businesses to exploring their operations at wide scale with the emergence of
suitable technologies, thus digitalisation has a huge impact over the globalised operations of
business in better manner. In the present research work Marks and Spencer is the chosen
organisation, it is a large British multinational retailer firm which is widely focused on attaining
higher growth and success through exploring its business operations at large level. The company
has major concern on using digital technology for enhancing their operations at global level. This
report contains the study about the relationship between of globalization and Implications Of
Digital Technology.
Background of the Research
Globalisation and technology has allowed multiple significances for individuals and
businesses organisations to attain higher opportunities within the global level. However, the rise
of technology has come the cognition to develop and increase networks for people or
organisations throughout the globe. Now, the notion of network development is not new, thus
digital technologies provides an appropriate way to the firm to enhance its operations at global
level. Marks and Spencer is a largest international brand which mainly operates in high profile
brand and deals in food items, clothings, general merchandise and grocery etc. It basically works
by its chain of stores, thus the company offers variety of products and services by its outlets and
stores. Marks and Spencer is a British multinational retailer, which operates at global level. The
headquarter of the firm is in Westminster, London that mainly specialises in selling clothing,
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home products or luxury food items. The key motive of the firm is to exploring their business at
global level for the purpose of attaining higher growth and success (Alexander, 2013). The
company is concern over using digital technologies as their key sources of business expansion
within large scale.
Rational of the Research
The chosen area of study is based on the analysis of the relationship between of
globalization and Implications of Digital Technology. This is a wide area of study which is based
on the interrelationship of globalization and digital technologies. This is an academic research
which helps an individual or learner in the chosen area of study which helps them in attaining
benefits in their future aspects (Apăvăloaie, 2014). This study represents how digital
technologies have positive impact over exploring business at global level. This study is effective
for the researcher and learner in personal as well as professional manner. The individuals who
are having their interestt in business segment, this study provides a brief idea in regards to use
digital technologies in terms of conducting business at global level. This create value in
developing the professional ability of learners.
Research Aim
This determined as the primary aspect of a research project, thus it is effective in providing a
clear and concise direction to the researcher to implement investigation work in right direction.
This is a predetermined statement in which research issue is mentioned in clear and concise
manner (Appel, Franz and Hassler, 2014). The significant aim of this particular research is “To
identify the relationship between of globalization and Implications of Digital Technology. A
study on Mark & Spencer
Research objectives:
The appropriate objectives for this particular investigation are described as under:
 To develop an understanding regarding the concept of globalization
 To identify the benefits of globalisation in context of Mark & Spencer
 To identify the relationship between of globalization and Implications Of Digital
Technology. To ascertain several challenges faced by Mark & Spencer while emerging as a global
brand.
Research question:
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The suitable research questions for this particular research project are described as below:
 What is the concept of globalisation?
 Explain about the benefits of globalisation in context of Mark & Spencer?
 What are the relationship between of globalization and Implications Of Digital
Technology?
 Describe about several challenges that Mark & Spencer has faced while emerging as a
global brand?
Time Scale:
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Section 2: Literature Review
It refers to narrative review and it is a kind of scholarly paper consisting current
knowledge involving methodological contributions and substantive findings to specific topic.
Under this, different opinions and point of views of researcher has been considered regarding the
particular research area. The literature review is based on the secondary research method and
different sources to collecting the secondary data are books, articles, journals, internet sources
etc.
Concept of globalization
As per view point of BEVERLY BIRD AND CAROL KOPP (2019) it has been stated
that Globalisation has significantly enhanced the interaction as well as interrelation of various
factors such as social, political and economical factors among various cultural boundaries. It
emphasize on share of information, job, technology across national as well as international
boundaries. This has gives various advantage to the people such as it has increased the easy flow
of goods, services, knowledge, views, idea and so on. Along with that it has made the worldwide
transportation as well as communication easier. Moreover, it has raised the standard as well as
livelihood of people due to increase in employment rate and getting better working opportunity.
Further, the concept of globalisation has encouraged open economy and free market that has
encouraged mixed business, culture as well as worker in developed country as well as in
emerging economy which is more opportunistic market for the company who operate globally.
Hence, most of the corporation gets competitive advantage due to globalisation by reducing their
operation expenditure. Like, company manufacture their products at those places where they get
cheap resources and has to bear low expenses which has increased the profitability of company.
Although there are some disadvantage associated with globalisation like it exploit the interest of
labour as company run their production where they get cheap labour due to which those labours
are paid less wages in comparison to their effort. Still most of the country prefer it because it is a
good source of foreign directly investment that enhances the infrastructure of country and
livelihood of people.
Benefits of globalisation in context of Mark & Spencer
On the basis of opinion of Tejvan Pettinge (2019) it has been interpret that globalisation
refers to procedure through which business or some other company develop international
influence at global scale. It spread of technology, jobs, products across the culture and national
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borders. Globalisation is an interdependence of the nations around globe that fostered by free
trade. Under this, organisation conduct its global level for taking the many benefits. Marks &
Spencer is one of largest retailer in world. This firm conduct its business operations in all around
the world. There are some benefits of Globalisation to Marks & Spencer mention below:
Enhanced innovation and creativity- The global competition can be encourage
innovation and creativity that aids Marks & Spencer to stay ahead as comparison to competitors.
With the help of this, company will able to produce the unique products with high quality. On
the other hand, free movement of capital and labour means that the idea from developing nations
can be drive towards innovation in all around world.
Low cost for products and services- Minimum cost will help people to live better in the
low money. If company will provide its goods and services in low then in this case it will help in
enhance living standard of people. More cost reductions from inexpensive logistics have
minimum living cost.
Relationship between of globalization and Implications Of Digital Technology
According to Alfredo Alvarez (2018) Digital technology is one of the important aspects
which continuously increased with globalisation as it reduce the communication gap among the
people. With the help of this, people can easily share their views and opinion with each other. In
this regards, digital technology is consider as an important factor through which Marks and
Spencer can easily globalise their business and attain success at global market. Mainly, it
provides opportunities to organization to operate their business at international market with the
aim of generating larger profitability. This is possible when company implement digital
technology because it helps organization to promote their business activities at market place.
Apart from this, implementation of digital technology contributes in invite new and potential
customers towards the products and services. With the use of digital technology, individual can
share their ideas, information and suggestions in across the globe which leads in increasing
awareness of the company at market place. Therefore, relation between implementation of digital
technology and globalisation define positive as it help business organisation to expand their
activities at global level and also maintain positive brand image. Both aspects are support
organization to sustain in competitive business environment for longer period of time.
Several challenges faced by Mark & Spencer while emerging as a global brand
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According to view point of Van Thompson (2019), it has been stated that Marks &
Spencer is leading firm that sells clothing, home products and food items in all over the world.
The globalisation can lead to challenges with welfare of labour, environment and economies as
the business globlise and also shift their operations among countries in order to take the benefits
of lower costs of conducting business in other regions. Different challenges faced through Marks
& Spencer in globalisation mention below:
Loss of the cultural identity- While globalisation made the foreign culture easier to be
access, it has held started to meld the culture together. Each and every country have the different
cultures and it is complex to adopt the culture of other country. When Marks & Spencer conduct
its business in another country then in this case, it will face the culture challenges.
Expensive- It is more expensive to conduct business at the global level. If Marks &
Spencer will perform its operations in another country then in this case it need to develop the
attractive marketing promotions to reach at large number of consumers. On the other hand, there
will be requirement to provide training to staff members in order to maximise their skills.
Through this, they will deal with the international client in a better or effective manner.
Threats to Global commons- Under this, irreversible damage to the land degradation,
ecosystems, fear of permanent shortage of water, deforestation develop negative impact on
business that is going to conduct at the international level.
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Section 3: Research Methodology
Research methodology refers to systematic plan for conducting an investigation. It is
theoretical and systematic analysis of methods which are applied to area of study (Axelrod and
VanDeveer, 2014). It is comprise theoretical analysis of body of principles as well as methods
which are related with knowledge branch. It is procedure of gather data and information for
purpose of making the better business decisions.
Research Philosophy
It refers to belief regarding way under which the information and data about phenomenon
should be collected, analysed and also used. It deals with nature, source and development of the
knowledge. Interpretivism and positivism are two different types of research philosophy. The
positivism research philosophy stating that knowledge is based on the natural phenomena and
relations. On the other hand, interpretivism research philosophy relies on trained investigator and
human subject as instruments in order to measure phenomenon. This present report is based on
interpretivism research philosophy because it is based on qualitative research methods.
Research Approaches
It is explained as plan that includes steps of wider assumptions to the detailed data
collection methods, analysis and interpretation. In this, overall decision includes approach that
should mainly used related to specific subject area. Inductive and deductive are two different
types of research approaches. This present research report is based on inductive research because
it is helpful in provide the detailed explanation about the specific research area. It is helpful in
give the proper opinion of the authors and writers in an effective manner (Bailey and et al.,
2018).
Research Design
Research design refers to set of procedures and methods which are mainly used to
gathering as well as analysing the measures of variable which specifies in problem investigation.
It is related to overall strategy that selects to integrate various components of study on logical
manner. Its main focus on address research related issues in a better manner (Baud and Durand,
2012). There are different types of research design such as experimental, descriptive and
exploratory. Among all the research designs, researcher followed a descriptive research design
because it is mainly used to explain the characteristic of population that is being studied.
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Section 4: Outline Research and Findings
Data collection
It refers to systematic approach to collecting as well as measuring information from
variety of the sources in order to get finish as well as accurate picture of interest area. It is related
to collecting and measuring the information on the targeted variables in a better manner which
enables answers to questions and also examines outcomes (Belás and et. al., 2014). Primary and
secondary are two different kinds of data collection method. Primary method used in gathering
data fresh or first time. The various sources used in primary methods are survey, questionnaire,
observations etc. On the other hand, secondary method has been used in literature review part. In
this, opinions and viewpoints of different authors have been considered. The different sources to
collecting the secondary data are books, articles, journals etc.
Sampling
It refers to procedure that is mainly used in statistical analysis under which predetermined
observations number are taken from larger population. It is mainly used to sample from large
size population that is based on kind of analysis that is being to be performed. Under this, 30
respondents are selected with the help of using random sampling method. The main reason
behind selecting this method is that it is not biased and provides equal chance to all the
respondents which are selected from whole population (Beynon-Davies, 2013).
Ethical consideration
Ethics is explained as the norms, morals, values and principles which should be followed
in a proper and effective manner. It is necessary for an investigator to follow all the
considerations in research and keep the data and information of respondents confidential. The
data should not be leaked or disclosed without the permission of respondents. On the other hand,
data should be collected through researcher with the help of using the authentic sources.
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Section 5: Data Analysis
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Email:
Q1) Have you ever gone through by the concept of globalisation?
Yes
No
Q2) Do you have an appropriate understanding regarding the interrelationship between
globalisation and digital technology?
Yes
No
Q3) Do Agree that the implementation of digital technologies are effective for global expansion
of businesses?
Agree
Disagree
Neutral
Q4) What are the benefits of globalisation in context of Mark & Spencer?
Better communication
Higher profitability
Diversified Market
Wide customer Reach
Q5) Which sort of challenges are faced by Mark & Spencer while emerging as a global brand?
Culture Issue
Legal and legislative barriers
Tax and Tariff
Competition
Q6) According to you which is the most appropriate strategy for Marks and Spencer to operate
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