Globalization, Small Business, and Competitiveness: Literature Review

This literature review examines the multifaceted impacts of globalization on businesses, particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It explores how globalization influences competitiveness, international trade, and economic development, drawing on various scholarly perspectives. The review analyzes the arguments for and against globalization, considering its effects on market access, production costs, currency fluctuations, and employment. The document also investigates the role of technological innovation, the challenges faced by SMEs in a globalized market, and the changing dynamics of labor and trade. It highlights both the positive and negative consequences of globalization on businesses, including the impact on developing and developed countries. The review also covers the impact of globalization on the environment and the importance of regulations.

Critical evaluation

Table of Contents
LITERATURE REVIEW ...............................................................................................................3
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

LITERATURE REVIEW
As per the Rodrik, (2018), globalization has been considered as the process which inextricably
have the tied the level of competitiveness within the global systems by having proper
implementation of the theoretical perspective in term of privilege position in more way of
analyzing the current trends. The author also added that the globalization have the clear of focus
ion the historical level of evolution which have led rte existing to found the relative level of
position in the international hierarchy. On the other hand, the Verbeke, Coeurderoy and Matt,
(2018) contradicted that due to globalization era have crated the increase level of
competitiveness among the countries different sector business. This have the caused the real
damages to the environment aspects as the increase level of production by the different business
in order to meet the global demand. The author also added that the increased level of production
mean more and more use of natural resources which is regenerated the negative impacts over
environment in more significant manner.
According to the views of Vivarelli, (2018), globalization have providence of better access to the
larger markets as the companies and developing countries want to have the expansion in term of
consumer base in more perfect manner. The companies want to have expansion in selling the
products to the different region all around the world by boosting up there respective sales in the
process of more money making. On the other hand, the Sajuyigbe, Alabi and Adewale, (2016),
contradicted that the developing countries have just failed to have the strict rules and regulations
in order to have reduction of over exploitation of resources. The author also supported the
argument stating that the developing countries are tasking more level of advantages of the tax
regulations as the process in more level of increase in manufacturing the products which is
considered to more level of harmfulness to environment.
As per the views of Rodrik, (2018), because of globalization there is existence of a large
variety of companies are moving in ares where the cost of production is considered to very low.
As the companies have purely the level of focus of the efforts of the improviser the level of
quality so that they re clear increase the proper valuation of the company at international level.
On the other Hirasawa, (2019) contradict satiating above statement that the increase level of
competitions have cause the wide range of fluctuation in the currency prices at international
market which is effecting the export and import of companies in more negative way. The author

also supported the arguments as UK companies have reduction in prices which will be negative
impacts of the profitability the company. This circle turned as the viscous circle and ultimately
will lead to the laying off of workers which will however lade in increase in level of
unemployment in company.
As the effected of globalization, the investment in the multinational campsites have strengthened
the economies with increase in level of balance of trade. There is increase in level of investors
who have the major considerateness in looking up of different opportunities around the globe to
find out the best opportunity to expand. Through globalization economies of different countries
are becoming more connected to one another since they depend on each other for trade.
On the other had the Sajuyigbe, Alabi and Adewale, (2016) contradicted that
globalization has been identified s the double edge sword which have created the level of
unemployment opportunities in more of developing countries by reducing the manufacturing
cost. As in the context of the contrast countries that is India and China, many of the companies
have expanded in India from China as the wages are the manufacturing cost in the developing
countries are more. Hence, it can be stated that the globalization have taken the clear job from
the one country that is developed to another developing countries. This can be considered as both
positive and negative impacts as per the different level of perceptiveness.
As per the Yang and Tsou, (2019), there s the more level of positive and negative
impacts on the companies in recreation to developed countries and developed one along with
analyzing the level of interrelationships. The structure of the globalization in having the market
ecosystem which not have the homogeneous which have the perseverance of the national level of
competitiveness growing with line which is considered to be more level of convergences along
with competitiveness. There is clear level of implementation in term of cooperative principals
which is having new paradigm of the economic globalization. In the addition to the Hirasawa,
(2019) stated that the more level of technological innovation which is in termed being regarded
as the introduction of economy of new knowledge along with combination of existing one. In
addition to that there are combinations which is having proper interactive learning process.
on the other hand, there is the important level of distinctive discussion which is being made
between the invention and innovation. The globalization have been identified as the interactive
process which is the caller recombination of political and economic factorizes. As the former
have the trying of the connections with economic analysis with having protective level of

implementations policy which is needed to have proper addressing of issues which are related to
development. On the other hand the Vorobyova and Raju, (2017) contradicted that the globalized
level of market economy doesn't have homogeneous structure which have clear seeking of the
decentralized level of regulations as of markets coupled with a cosmopolitan and liberal
democracy provided by transnational institutions. On the other hand the Liñán, Paul and Fayolle
(2019) contradicted that the global economy has been identified as the criss cross road which is
impacting financial crisis with its full extent of thee macroeconomic impact. The continues level
of economic expansion is not well balanced even across the nation. The more of the challenges
is being faced by the whole country due to the failure of slowdown of US economy. The author
also state that there slowdown have the involvement of varsity inter connections which are
retreated to lose trade link between the US and Canada. On the other hand, in terms of the
contrasts' situation, the performance of European countries continue to show a slowdown along
with more level of politicly uncertainty. There is more addition to statement that with analysis
the pattern in more indemnification ways globe currents count have the clear level of imbalances.
The author recommended as there should be more level of underpinning by accommodative
macroeconomic policies along with improvement in corporates balance sheet in order to have the
supportive financial market condition.
Globalization And Small Business Enterprises
As per the view of Walter and Förster, (2019), globalization is having the creeping in the more
level of subsensible lifestyle at the faster paces which is considered as no longer applicabilities.
This have impacts on the solely entities which is in more way recasting out certain effects of the
political gambits which have more level of involvement of the intergenerational composition.
The author also stated that the small and medium enterprise are the companies which have the
maintenance of revenues along with employee below the transience stand. The campsites are
been identified as the firm which is spending in level of technologies as per the area of respective
innovation. As per the views, it has been identified that the with the impacts of increase level of
globalization the small business are successful in attractiveness more level of capital for the fund
projects.
On the other hand the Vorobyova and Raju, (2017) constitutes that the small medium enterprise
is considered as more important segment of the countries with having maximum level of
contribution in raising out GDP. The author state that globalisation have the provided the level

of opportunity with havering proper level of technological innovates along with accession the
more level of global market. In adhesion to that, the buyers have the more level of affordably in
term of convincingness along with wider level of choices. On the other hand the Hirasawa,
(2019) have warns the small and medium business with the more terms of the communist
manifesto. The author also stated that the small business will be inexhaustibly will be more away
to be wiped out by the more level of international and large companies on more form of
imperialist capitalism. There is more level for deconstructionists of the locals business which
have the clear culture of the local culture. In additions to that the Foghani, Mahadi and Omar,
(2017) have the developmental different in corpse cultures which have the inadvertence in
versification which will have the change form country to country. As per the major consideration
of globalisation on small business major pace in given to technological development which is
considered as the major need for the growth small business to the sudden extents. On the other
hand, the globalisation have the major operation of weaker as the poorer level of economic of the
country with the implementation of richer getting richer as the poor turning to be poorer. In the
contrast the major aim of the globalisation is to have proper enduring to the country along with
developing the financial sectors in order to week in procedure of more harmony and betterment
of everyone.
Globalization has been identifies as the new era for the flow of goods and services at
global levels which have the caller suing of the lows and data informativeness along with
generates more level of economic values as the competitive to development of goods trade. In
the support of the above statement, the Yang and Tsou, (2019) stated that the small business all
over the world are becoming the micro multinationals which are taking the due of digital
platforms in order to have the proper connection with customer and supplier for over countries
and increase the more level of superconductivity and profitability.
In adhesion to tats globalization have the more assess cheaper labor as there is more
handling of movement from the country in be labor to another which have the positive level o
impacts over the small business developmental. On the other, the Sajuyigbe, Alabi and Adewale,
(2016) contradicts that the small business do not have the proper relying on the more level of
local labor which might b consider as more level of experience also nor efficient which is more
level of to be needed. On the other hand the Hirasawa, (2019) contradict that the free trade are
considered to be level of barriers which are considered to well level eliminated. In addition, that

the more of the developed the countries have the losing of jobs the transferred the cost countries
which careless developed. On the otherRodrik, (2018) contradict satiating above statement that
the increase level of competitions have cause the wide range of fluctuation in the currency prices
at international market which is effecting the export and import of companies in more negative
way. The author also supported the arguments as UK companies have reduction in prices which
will be negative impacts of the profitability the company. As per the views of Rodrik, (2018)
Globalization is considered to be leading concept which have turned out to be major factor in the
business over the last few years. These phenomena at current level is effecting the economy,
business life along with society and environments in more different ways. On the other hand, the
Meyer, (2017) contradict that there is more level of negativism impacts on SME's and MNE's .
As per the view Verbeke, Coeurderoy and Matt, (2018), globalization have the proper
level of bordering along with increase level of mutual terms as beneficial for the different
countries to have the respective level of trade services which can e shared freely. In addition, it
also has created the pretty level of harmonious alliances which is stronger lever of global
economy along with dare to world peace. In addition to that the globalization have the
Globalization has given countries the ability to agree to free trade agreements like NAFTA,
South Korea Korus, and The TPP. True but these agreements have cost the U.S. many jobs and
always increase our trade deficit. The development of small business have the sharing of major
technologies in the nation which have the helped small business to have the effective level of
progress. The growth perspective of globalization have the clear level of involvement of the
stealthiness the level of technologies and the IP which is Turing out to be major issues of the
large level of compositor in order to get success into market.
`On the other hand ye Vivarelli, (2018) contradict that thee are various level of
challenges which is being faced by the small business due to being prominent in the different
level of composition along with high ranges of price wars. In addition to that there is massive
level of business corporation with development of opportunity extend and try to monopolize
every target. As per the views of Verbeke, Coeurderoy and Matt, (2018), the major level of effect
of globalization in different level of national economies. This have clear level of creations which
is major changes on the economic environment of any nation. It also contradicts to have any
changes in terms of economics development policies under natural government. The author also
stated that there us rise in the level of composition along with increase in different level of

investment alternatives. On the other hand the Rodrik, (2018) contradistinction that there is
negative level of impacts on the multidimensional business which can ave major considerations
of the cultural effects along with creativeness more level of social problem.
Globalization And Multinational Firm.
As per the views Papastergiadis, (2018) the development of globalisation have the
increase in the level of interactionist, interconnectedness, or interdependence, but its
distinctiveness from interdependence derives primarily from the increased role of multinational
corporations (MNCs) in the contemporary world economy. On the other hand, the Baylis,
(2020) contradicts that the globalization have results in the homogenisation of the global cultures
as the urban have been carters as the same level of bounciness along with willing the same level
of product with same logo. On this ensue, the logo and branding of the multidimensional forma
are considered to the symbol of globalisation. This is been seen as the continuous stress point as
there is more level of consubstantial in increase of the cultural differences across the different
attentions. The author also sated in argumentation that there is proper level of enhanceable of
globalisation ta both convergences and divergence of culture. The author also supported the
arguments as UK companies have reduction in prices which will be negative impacts of the
profitability the company.
As the terms of the positive impacts, the Steger, (2017) states that the there is more level of
growth in economies which have been created the biogeographically dispersed value chains in
order to have take advantages of lowing rte R&D, production along with developmental of
distribution crisis which is making more level of allowing down the barriers of trade and flow of
investments. The author also stated that there us rise in the level of composition along with
increase in different level of investment alternatives. On the other hand the Rodrik, (2018)
contradistinction that there is negative level of impacts on the multidimensional business which
can ave major considerations of the cultural effects along with creativeness more level of social
problem.
As per the view of the Lechner and Boli eds., (2020), the MNC's have the developmental of
differential global strategies to have the more level of increase suboperations as the MNC have
both Hensen of beneficiary and agents of globalisation. The author also stated that there is clear
level of implementation in term of cooperative principals which is having new paradigm of the
economic globalization. In the addition to the Beck, 2018) stated that the more level of

technological innovation which is in termed being regarded as the introduction of economy of
new knowledge along with combination of existing one. In addition to that there are
combinations which is having proper interactive learning process. On the other hand, ye
Vivarelli,(2018) contradicts there are underlying caused for the multinational campsites to ave
the appropriate level of developing in motoring and evaluation's rule a regurgitation to have the
effective control over the polycyclic economy. In addition to that there major level of focus of
the role of change in transportation along with communication's technologies in order to make it
less costly to have proper managing of flung in economy. The multi national company is facing
the issues as foe the burden of establishment the proper rules for the increase in level f
investment have to create more level of dependency over more level of legal ecosystems and the
self forenamed as comparative to international regime.
In addition to the globalisation have created the stronger level of presence of MNC as the
glassiness level of against in ecosystem along with emerging market developmental. There is
proper level of attractiveness of the of profit oriented the multinational companies’ attention
towards the developing markets for the simple reason that here they could find with ease cheap
factors of production and they could easily impose themselves by means of illusory promises. In
the present paper we are going to analyse multinational companies and their effects on the
emerging markets. On the other hand the Verbeke, Coeurderoy and Matt, 2018) contrabandist
that the globalisation have the major operation of weaker as the poorer level of economic of the
country with the implementation of richer getting richer as the poor turning to be poorer. In the
contrast the major aim of the globalisation is to have proper enduring to the country along with
developing the financial sectors in order to week in procedure of more harmony and betterment
of everyone.
As per the views of Meyer, (2017), because of globalization there is existence of a large
variety of companies are moving in ares where the cost of production is considered to very low.
As the companies have purely the level of focus of the efforts of the improviser the level of
quality so that they re clear increase the proper valuation of the company at international level.
As per the globalisation, MNC the compensation have re recovering more level of foreign
direct investment which is considered to been the import compartments in order to have
aggression of the demand of damnation. There s is more level of globalisation financial flows
which is in between encompass optimise which have the establishment of interconnectedness in

the world economy. In more adhesion to that the MNC's have the got the opportunities to have
the proper level of outsource of the post-production process in more of the developing
conquistadores which is more level of influencing the cheap to have reductionist in cost. As per
the Rodrik, (2018) this have reselect that the economics to have the high highly interconnected
in order to smoothly import and export goods produced between different stages of the
production line, which often operates across multiple countries. As per the views of Verbeke,
Coeurderoy and Matt, (2018), the major level of effect of globalization in different level of
national economies. This have clear level of creations which is major changes on the economic
environment of any nation. It also contradicts to have any changes in terms of economics
development policies under natural government. The author also added that the increased level of
production mean more and more use of natural resources which is regenerated the negative
impacts over environment in more significant manner. The author also supported the argument
stating that the developing countries are tasking more level of advantages of the tax regulations
as the process in more level of increase in manufacturing the products which is considered to
more level of harmfulness to environment. At last As the effected of globalization, the
investment in the multinational campsites have strengthened the economies with increase in level
of balance of trade. There is increase in level of investors who have the major considerateness in
looking up of different opportunities around the globe to find out the best opportunity to expand.
Through globalization economies of different countries are becoming more connected to one
another since they depend on each other for trade.

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