The Effects of Globalization on the U.S. Criminal Justice System

This assignment provides a comprehensive analysis of globalization's impact on the U.S. criminal justice system. It begins by outlining the positive changes brought by globalization, such as enhanced information access for law enforcement. The paper then compares and contrasts international criminal justice systems, including civil, common, Islamic, and socialist law traditions. It explores the impact of cybercrime and technology on worldwide justice systems, alongside a discussion of policing systems on a global scale. Furthermore, the assignment identifies major crimes and criminal issues with a global impact, referencing the Rwandan genocide as a case study of international justice challenges and interventions. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of strengthening justice systems to increase civilian confidence and prevent future atrocities.

Running head:CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1
Criminal Justice
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Assess the impact of globalization on the U.S. criminal justice system.
. Globalization has brought positive changes to the U.S criminal justice system, consequently,
law enforcement agencies can now be able to get information on any individual within a very
short time(Albanese, 2013). Before the emergence of interlink of countries and globalization,
law enforcement agencies would have taken a very long time to get the criminal history of an
individual since all this information would have been in another country’s database. This
means that criminals find it more difficult to escape or hide the crimes they are running from.
Even U.S citizens who try to flee the country do so on borrowed time as the U.S law
enforcement agencies like the F.B.I connect with law enforcement agencies from other
countries to apprehend the suspect(Ebbe, 2013).
Criminals and major crimes are a big challenge to the criminal justice systems all over the
world because it takes away so much effort, resources and time from other things. Countries
with a criminal justice system that is not so much developed must focus and direct their
resources to more pressing issues that are at hand. This is a perfect chance for lower level
criminals to get away with serious crimes. Thus, these countries may require help from
countries with more established criminal justice system such as the U.S. By doing so, it takes
away resources that should have been used domestically ( from their homeland agencies) that
consequently leaves criminals with a wider avenue to perpetrate crime. This is a domino
effect that occurs due to globalization and criminal justice system being globalized(Gaines
&Kappeler, n.d.).
Compare and contrast international criminal justice systems (Civil Law, Common law,
and Islamic Law and Socialist Law traditions).

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Civil law- these are rules thatoutlines private rights and remedies, individuals disputes are
governed by civil law and the disputes may range from contracts, family and property. It is
distinct from public or criminal law.
Common Law- This is ancient law of Englandthat is based on customsthat are accepted and
enforced by decrees and judgments of the courts. They are case laws and general body of
statutes that were used to govern England and American colonies before the American
Revolution. They are also used in former British colonies(Inciardi, 2010).
Islamic law-To Islamic law, represents for the Arab community, all norms or principles by
which the Muslim population should be governed. In many Islamic countries, this law means
a source of primary law, but its application is not the same for all, since it does not represent
a formal rule, ie that its application will be subject to the interpretation given in Every
Muslim state.
This law, in addition to defining the moral foundations of the Arab community, also serves as
a guide in many aspects of ordinary Muslim life such as politics, finance, economics, social
affairs, etc.
The Quran, the Sunna, the sayings and deeds of Muhammad (hadith), are some of the texts
where you can find these principles or standards, which have been issued by recognized and
selected sources in different collections. In each and every one of them is referred, of all
those people considered honorable and worthy of Faith, who spread every one of the said and
revealed facts(Merino, 2013).
Socialist Law traditions- This is also known as soviet law, it was developed after seizure of
power in 1917 by the communist in Russia. It was imposed in all of the soviet union after
world war 2.

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Discuss the impact that cyber crime and technology have had on worldwide justice
systems.
A theoretical framework is centered on judicial organization and the use of ICTs in the
administration of Justice and also studying important elements associated with justice. The
adoption of new technology is determined by the process designed for the implementation of
the new judicial office, as well as an analysis of the qualitative relationship between ICT
incorporation, modernization objectives and organizational changes in the Administration of
Justice(Merino, 2013).
The results of a research - published in the first half of 2013 - are of global interest. There is
talk of the economic impact of the improvement of efficiency in the field of Justice; The
organizational model of the New Judicial office, its structure and problems; The efficient use
of ICT in the Administration of Justice in a context determined by the Constitution, regarding
the right to a judicial process without undue delay, effective judicial protection, and
Efficiency in the Administration of Justice), and the Information Society, as well as the
electronic justice system.
The conclusions raise questions about the viability of the current model of the New Judicial
Office, as well as the need to subject the Justice administration to a process of integral re-
engineering if the objectives of modernizing and safeguarding constitutional guarantees with
criteria of efficiency, which will involve the redesign of processes from a 21st century
perspective(Sanders, Young & Burton, 2010). This will require a transversal public policy
that, beyond the judicial office, implies a paradigm shift, mentioning proposals such as those
related to the orientation towards an "Open Justice".However, it is easy to not that technology
has revolutionalized the Justice system in many positive ways.
Policing system on a world wide scale

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The term police originate from the Greek word politeia, which has a meaning of protection,
order and social organization. The term police applied to all administrative activity, so from
the perspective of Administrative Law, some scholars defines it as: "that activity that the
Public Administration deploys in the exercise of its own powers that, to ensure the
maintenance of public order, Limits the rights of those administered by exercising, as the case
may be, coercion on them. " From which we can extract the following characteristics:
care for citizens and having a performance In accordance with the law and fundamental
rights.. Police know their area of work and the neighbors to them, trying to prevent the
particularities case of Bavaria, Bremen or Hamburg that have their own border police, or also
in Bavaria that their criminal investigation office is also the central federal criminal
investigation office.
The officers act with uniformity.- (Mobile Police): uniformed units whose role is to assist in
catastrophes and other units of the body. They are also responsible for restoring public order.
Since the last decade of the s. Some have a team and unitary organization, with equal
procedures at the federal level, which allows them to assist police officers from other federal
states.- (Criminal Police): officials of this service perform their work as a civilian and
maintain a double Dependency, of its respective Minister of the Interior and of the Public
Ministry. They are the judicial police, and carry out everything related to the prosecution and
investigation of crimes and the arrest of people(Sanders, Young & Burton, 2010).
The key moment, however, to understand the current police forces does not occur until after
World War II, when the police in addition to the facet of being "governmental" police,
becomes a public service of care for citizens and having a performance In accordance with
the law and fundamental rights. Since then, attempts have been made to bring the police
closer to the society it protects and to collaborate with it, it is the so-called

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Police models in customs surveillance, art., and cooperation with the Länder on "criminal
police and defense of the constitution, the establishment of a Federal Office of Criminal
Police and the international
Identify major crimes and criminal issues that have a global impact on justice systems
and processes
In the world there have been various atrocities that have been committed by various
governments that have almost led to the total wipeout of certain communities. The justice
system has been tried in various criminal proceedings all around the world leading to
convictions of even senior people in various governments. For example in Rwandan genocide
of 1994, the Hutus and the Tutsi, were in a near war zone where the world watched as brother
turned against brother and village turned against village. The Rwandan genocide almost
killed at least one million people mainly the Hutus. Millions more were displaced due to
animosity that had rocked the country. Due to these atrocities, the ability of the country to
prosecute the perpetrators were wanting. The justice system were controlled by the same
people that were committing the atrocities. It was impossible to prosecute the same people
that were involved in the murders and the maiming of the millions.
Due to a collapsed justice system and the need for accountability and justice, the
international criminal court was set up to try the perpetrators of the genocide. This is because
of a broken judicial system in the country. Many of the generals have since been tried by the
criminal court and either set free or served maximum sentences including life
imprisonments(Totten & Hitchcock, 2011). By mid-2006, more than 10000 suspects had
already been tried by the national courts. More than 20 people had been executed in 1998 but
the death sentence was abolished in 2006.

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In Rwanda, it is a case of a country torn down by a civil war that has run to nearly 25 years
since the government was toppled. The country had seen mass immigration of peoples into
neighboring countries especially Kenya and Tanzania. The court and justice system was
totally broken but as sanity encrounched in the early parts of 2000, it became clear that
justice was going to be served due to strengthened institution due to good governance that
was witnessed especially when Robert Kagame was sworn in as President. Rwanda is not a
failed state and therefore has seen very many people prosecuted for wars against humanity.
The international community has kept Rwanda at bay due to the fact that it does not want to
seed the country go back to its former civil war that was witnessed.. In Rwanda the criminal
justice system is weak but it is being strengthened to increase civilian confidence that
anybody can be prosecuted . In 1994 genocide, millions have been killed and others displaced
in a genocide that has seen the various high ranking government officials being issued with
warrants of arrest by the international criminal courts. The justice systems has been broken
but the country has made tremendous strides in strengthening the system.
This is a milestone in the history of mankind, as it is the first time that an international
judicial jurisdiction of a judicial and permanent nature has been established capable of
judging the perpetrators of the most serious crimes of international importance(Totten &
Hitchcock, 2011).
In this way, those responsible for such cruel crimes as genocide, crimes against humanity and
the war crime may be brought to justice, and their constitution will generate some
preventionin the commission of such crimes.

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References
Albanese, J. (2013). Criminal justice. Boston: Pearson.
Ebbe, O. (2013). Comparative and international criminal justice systems. Boca Raton, Fla.:
CRC Press.
Gaines, L., &Kappeler, V. Policing in America.
Inciardi, J. (2010). Criminal justice. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Merino, N. (2013).Criminal justice. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press.
Reid, S. (2008). Criminal justice. Mason, OH: Thomson.
Rubinstein, W. (2014).Genocide. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
Sanders, A., Young, R., & Burton, M. (2010).Criminal justice. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Totten, S., & Hitchcock, R. (2011).Genocide. New Brunswick, NJ [etc.]: Transaction.