Cloud Privacy and Security: Personal and Ethical Implications Report

This report delves into the critical aspects of cloud privacy and security, examining the implications of smart sensor and Wi-Fi networks proposed by a government. It analyzes the personal and ethical ramifications of these networks, including behavioral changes among citizens and various user categories affected by the proposals. The report discusses the types of individuals impacted, such as online learners and mobile users, and the expected shifts in their behavior and time management due to the implementation of these technologies. Furthermore, it outlines essential steps to protect sensitive information, emphasizing encryption, application firewalls, and robust security mechanisms. The report also addresses the importance of digital identity security and the role of the state in safeguarding citizens from external threats, highlighting the need for security policies and procedures in the face of increasing cybercrime.

Running head: CLOUD PRIVACY AND SECURITY
Cloud Privacy and Security
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1. Discussion about the personal ad ethical implications for the privacy of the
proposed Government smart sensor network
After making detail review of the Singapore Government’s Smart nation plan by the
Australian State Government they have planned to design their own smart state plan. This
specific sensor design is widely used in the traffic purposes such as in bus stops, rubbish bins,
traffic lights (Elias, Peterman & Frittelli, 2016). In order to address the crime taking place in the
streets the government has planned to design this smart nation plan for their citizens. While
following this smart sensor the citizens are allowed to follow personal and ethical implications
for maintaining the privacy.
a. People affected by this proposal
By this specific proposal mainly the working people are affected. As these kinds of
sensors are widely used in the traffic purposes thus all those people who travel by road are either
negatively or positively impacted by this digital design. The sensing system is comprises of
different components such as stabilizers, detect, track, groups, traffic parameters, classify and
vehicle trajectories. The overall road side traffic movements are securely controlled with the help
of the smart traffic signals (Stojmenovic & Wen, 2014). However, the rural people who are not
at all familiar with the digital technology will be mostly affected negatively. As, they are not
aware of these technologies on the other hand the rate of road accidents can be controlled by this
proposal.
Again this technology will let the citizens know about the bus timings on the bus
stoppage thus even in unknown location also they can travel by road without any hesitation. With
the installation of additional cameras the roles of the employees will become easier. With the

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increasing work efficiency they can track and monitor and track the entire traffic process. High
level coordination in the major travel corridors within the city also helps the people who are
travelling by road on busy times also.
b. Behavioral changes may expect by this proposal
Smart sensor network system also can affect the behavior of the citizens also. Without
any kind of fixed infrastructure the network setup can also be carried out. The complete lifestyle
of every individual may also change with the proposal. The health and wellness of the citizens
change with the smart sensing system (Stojmenovic, & Wen, 2014). People can leave their
unhealthy habits through these advanced technologies. The overall security of any operational
system increases also with the successful design and implementation of sensor network.
Digitized lifestyle influences the cognitive, social, behavioral and emotional implication also.
Technical implications can transfer the overall system control and ownership of the
behaviors. The operational efficiency of the human increases a lot with the sensor networks. On
the other hand, technologies make people more dependent and as a result they have almost forget
their human capabilities and become absolutely dependent on the technologies for different
purposes (Jing, et al., 2014). Due to extreme usage of the sensor network the rate of unwanted
technical hacking tendency among the humans have also been increased a lot. Though, the sensor
network gives high security but still if all the components are not considered then the tendency of
information hijack among the human also keep on increasing a lot.
c. Changes are expected to see individual behaviors
changes in individual behavior

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Though, due to implementation of advanced technologies the behavior of the human
changes a lot but still from the social and emotional perspectives the behavior must not be
changed accordingly. With the sensor network different changes may occur in terms of activity
changes, time changes, communication changes etc. As technology increases the human
efficiency thus the time management and choice of activities for the human also changes a lot
with the changing time period (Knockel, Senft & Deibert, 2016). Behavioral changes are not
expected from human but still in some cases the behavior might change. Smart technology can
change the behavior of any human being belongs to the rural geographical boundaries. The
behavioral change may also impact the activities selection and time schedule change.
Choice of activities
The activities are as follows:
 Proper understanding of behavioral mobility
 Storing of the capacities at certain location for the upcoming future
 Better estimation of the demands and data collection travel activities
 Location oriented and user oriented traditional information collection process
Changes in time schedule
After investigating the social factors of smart sensors it has been found that, due to the
changing activities the total change in time details changes a lot with the changing time period. It
is determined that, as the working efficiency and speed of the activities enhances a lot with the
smart sensor network thus the time management plan developed by the human also changes a lot.
As the smart sensors are used in the traffic signals and bus stops also thus the citizens become
bound to follow the traffic rules (Tankard, 2015). If any of the traffic rule is missed or avoided

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then according to the traffic law and regulations then citizens may be penalized as well. The
citizens will come to know details about the current situation of the roads, traffics conditions also
and according to that they can manage their time also. Due to the location oriented sensing the
time management of the humans also changes.
2. Discussion on personal and ethical implications for the privacy of the
proposed Government’s smart wifi network
a. Types and categories of people affected by the proposal
With the development of the advanced technologies the daily lives of each and every
citizen changes a lot (Harris & Patten, 2015). The people who are widely affected with the wifi
technology are categorized in the below section:
User category Activities
Online learners The citizens who use the internet services for
completion of each and every activity of their
daily lives are the categorized people for the
service.
Mobile users The mobile users use this sensor network for
tracking the details of the current location of
the vehicles and also the traffic condition.
Lesser usage of technology This is another user category that basically
lives in the urban area and does not familiar
with the concept of technology.

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b. Behavioral changes may expect by this proposal
The behaviors of the users have changes a lot with the implication of the wifi internet
based connection. In many location the government also offers free wifi connections, due to this
reason the cost investment rate that is generally allotted by the users are becoming lesser day by
day. Many wifi connection providers and vendors are there who offer these kinds of services to
the consumers. Base on the connection effectiveness and efficiency the users do adopt or take the
subscriptions of the most valuable connection providers (Rodday, Schmidt & Pras, 2016). As
much as the users will be able to get valuable information from the wifi connection and internet
services that much commercial revenue and competitive advantages the service providers will
get from the services. The wifi hotspot is comprises of series of sensor boxes and as a result the
smart phone users will be able to use the service offered by the vendors. The heterogeneous
network connections offered by the companies are mainly turning on the users towards internet
dependent.
c. Indentified individual changes
Choice of activities changes
With the implementation of the wifi connection the activities adopted by the users will
also change a lot from the previous times. Technical efficiency will increase the business
efficiency of the business organizations and also of the common citizens. In order to complete
all the activities of the daily lives within the estimated time period it is the responsibility of the
users to allot time for each of the daily activities. With the wifi connection the time that was
previously spend for searching any information has been consumed (Sivaraman et al., 2015).

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There was also time limitation which implies that beyond the specific time limitation none of the
information can be accessed by the users. These issues has been completely resolves as y using
the wifi connection regardless of location and time the users will be able to access information
from the required resource.
Changes in time schedule
Wifi connection also gives security to the users and as a result the users feel free to use
the internet connection both for their personal and professional usage. In traditional days if
anyone wishes to know something new about some new topic then they had to go through
primary research approach by the application of survey and questionnaires. In addition to this,
another important approach that was widely used by the users is interview (Sadeghi,
Wachsmann, & Waidner, 2015). In those approaches the users had to spend huge times on the
other hand with the positive application of the wifi connections the time requirements become
lesser than the traditional days. In order to gain any information beyond their knowledge level
through the help of wifi connection the users will be use their wireless devices and within a short
time period they will access their desired information.
d. The way through which sensitive information can be protected
With the help of proper wifi connection the users will be able to access information from
the resources regardless of their geographical location and time as well. In order to access the
wifi the users are also needed to have proper authentication. Without user authorization and
authorization none of the users will be able to access information from the server. In order to
protect confidential data or information stored in the wireless devices of the users it is necessary
for the users to use proper security aspects in terms of encryption technology and application as

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well. In case of encryption technology a key is used by both the senders and the receiver and that
key must not be shared by any of the third party users (Harris & Patten, 2015). Through the wifi
connection if any user wills to transfer any information to someone else then, he or she must
keep this on mind that the information is not transferring to anyone else connected to the wifi.
With the help of the application firewall the transmission channel will also be secured from the
external hijackers. If the users do not want to share any sensitive information to anyone else then
the users are required to use these applications in terms of encryption mechanism and application
firewall. Apart from this, another mechanism that can be applied by the users for securing the
information from the external users includes physical security and technical security. It is the
role of the owners to use the most suitable security mechanism to keep the sensitive information
secured from the external attackers (Jones & Chin, 2015). Apart from this, another important
thing that must be a major concern for the users is proper knowledge regarding technology.
3. Steps to be taken to ensure the security and privacy of the digital
identity
It is the role of the state to maintain the safety of the citizens from the external attackers.
Though, due to the extreme increment of crimes and criminals it has become a responsibility of
the state authority to design some security policy and procedures to keep the security of the
citizens. However, the identity security is another important thing which has become a major
concern to the state council of any location. Besides paper based identity the digital identity
such as biometric registration has become another concern to the state council. Even of the paper
registration of any user is stolen by the hackers or misused by the hackers then with the help of
the digital identity the actual criminal can be identified (Knockel, Senft & Deibert, 2016). The

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biometric registration or authentication can be defined with the help of face detection, iris
scanner, fingerprint scanning etc. If these biometric scanning mechanism are used by the state
councils then, the identify swapping issues that the countries are majorly facing nowadays will
become less than the previous. The steps are to be followed by the users are as follows:
Each step that are to be taken
Step 1 : Verification of the paper written identity
Advantages
This is the initial approach or mechanism that is widely used by the council for making
unique identity of different person. PAN card, voter card, driving license are the papers has
different unique id. Through these unique identities one person can be differentiated from
another person (Sadeghi, Wachsmann, & Waidner, 2015). Thus, verification of the unique
identify before the development of the digital identity is very much important thing.
Disadvantages
The handmade papers are not at all secured and these papers can be easily misused by
the any one. Nowadays, in the digitized era the papers can be easily misused by the external
users.
Step 2: Digital identity development:
Advantages:
The paper made identity of any person can be changed by the criminals and also can be
misused for different crime purposes. However, the digital identities can never be changed

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because the digital identities are developed based on the Irish scanning, fingerprint scanning,
face scanning etc. These are such identity details which can never be changes by any user.
Disadvantages
If during the scanning phase any of the security measures are missed then the total system
will fail be a failure.
4) Protection of digital identity:
Digital identity of customers are always at stake due to the fact that imposters are waiting
to gain access to the digital account of genuine users and act on behalf of the genuine account
holders. Financial activities are processed by imposters on behalf of genuine clients leading to
the factgenuine clients are affected adversely due to imposters. In case imposters are able to steal
identities of genuine clients, they gain access to their portal leading to the fact that they can act
on behalf of them and access banking details. Digital identity has been acting as a new source of
loop hole for imposters in order to get unauthenticated access to the portal. Despite the fact that
security measures are available but imposters find ways to gain access to the client portal. Major
steps that are taken by clients to prevent imposter access to their portal are as follows: -
Strong password:
During the creation of account, password that is set must be made strong enough to be
decrypted. Strong reference must be set initially as clients can set a strong and efficient
password. In case the password is strong enough, imposters cannot get access to the bank
account and personal details and data of clients stays protected. Reference list that is set by back
end operator is likely to consist more than 8 alphabet, at least one numeric digit and at least one

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symbol to increase the robustness of the password. This helps in securing data that are present in
accounts of genuine clients
Verification
Authorized websites must be the only sites that can be accessed from portals.
Unauthorized sites must be blocked in order to keep genuine accounts protected from imposters.
A website is documented to be authorized only if it has an “s” encrypted in it. This is a symbol of
authorization of the website. It is recommended to check URL of the websites before accessing
the same. Websites without proper authorization must be avoided in order to keep applications
protected.
Selective sharing of data
Sharing of personal data in internet and social platform has adverse effect on the clients
who are sharing their data on their social platforms. Imposters who want to gain access to data
follow clients on social media. This helps the imposters to gain required data of the clients. After
gaining data of clients imposters can use them against genuine clients. This allow imposters to
get regular updates of the stalked personnel’s. Hence it is advised not to update regular
information of whereabouts unless it is very important in nature.
Identification of emails
Lucrative messages and emails must be handled with utmost care as it denotes the
fact that processing of data on clicking wrong and malicious websites can cause adverse effect.
Major problem in this kind of malicious email are that it is very difficult to understand which

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emails are malicious and which mails are genuine. In case mails are not genuine in nature,
imposters get complete access to portal and account and harm the clients.
Two factor verification system
Two factor verification system is one of the most secured way of staying secured and
protected. This process includes portraying password to the application to keep it secured. After
approval of correct password, clients need to answer few pre answered questionnaire, leading to
the fact that the database become more secured. In case imposters crack the initial stage of
deploying password, they get stuck in the questionnaire section as questions are pre answered
and in case imposters are unable to answer the questions correctly, they are stopped before the
gateway of the website.
Installing firewall
Installing firewall is one of the most popular prosecution steps that are taken by
organization in order to keep the server protected and secured. Firewall prevents malicious codes
to attack application and also protects server from unauthorized interference of imposters. By
applying firewall, one can protect their servers from unauthenticated imposters.
Introducing Captcha
Introducing captcha is one of the most important aspect of preventing imposters and
robots to access websites of the organization. This also ensures the fact that it prevents imposters
to gain access to personal portals in order to mitigate unauthorized access to portal of genuine
clients.