KIT709 Enterprise Architecture and Systems: Harley-Davidson SCM Report

This report analyzes Harley-Davidson's Supply Chain Management (SCM) project, focusing on the business and technical environments, drivers, and strategic implementation of an ERP system. The report begins with an introduction to Harley-Davidson, highlighting its history and the role of Information Systems (IS) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in managing business functions. It then delves into the company's history, emphasizing its market position and the evolution of its business processes. The impact of SCM on both the technical and business environments is explored, including the adoption of cloud-based ERP systems and the use of Information Technology Circle (ITC). The report discusses the drivers and obstacles influencing SCM, such as the need for speed of service and cost efficiency. The strategic implementation of the ERP system, including business process mapping and supplier selection, is examined. Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for ERP implementation, such as sustainable supply chain processes and the use of CRM software, are also analyzed. The report critiques Harley-Davidson's strategic approach and provides recommendations for improving its SCM systems, such as implementing a Cloud-ERP system and enhancing cybersecurity. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the importance of these recommendations for improving various business operations.

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Report
Student name

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
History of the company...................................................................................................................2
Impact of SMS on the Technical and Business environment..........................................................4
The business environment for SMS.............................................................................................4
Technical environment for SMS..................................................................................................5
SMS drivers and obstacles...............................................................................................................6
Strategic implementation.................................................................................................................7
Critical Success Factors (CSFs).......................................................................................................7
Critique on strategic approach of the company...............................................................................8
Recommendations............................................................................................................................8
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................9
References......................................................................................................................................10

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Introduction
Harley-Davidson Motor Company (HDMC) has a well-known company in the overall world.
The HDMC has famous for motorcycles in the market. The company has created a huge image in
the market based on its products and services (Daniel, 2019). In addition, there are some
important factors for the company, which has increased the profit and revenue of the company.
There are various business streams in the company to manage their business operations and their
works. The company was founded in the year 1903. William Harley and Arthur Davidson is the
founder of the company.
The company has used Information System (IS) to manage its many business functions, such as
purchase, sales, inventory, marketing, finance, and others. In addition, there are some technical
advantages of IS to improve the performance of the company. In addition, Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP) is the best system for managing all the business operations in a proper way.
This report will discuss the various things of the company, which has related to supply chain
management. In addition, there are some competitive advantages in supply chain management. It
will describe the impact of SCM on the business and technical environment of the HDMC. It will
beneficial for the firm.
History of the company
The company is popular in the market because of its products and technologies. In addition, there
are some important factors for the company, which has improved the business of the company in
the international market. The company has included various things in their business functions to
improve their security and systems. There are some changes in the business functions for more
improvement and enhancement of particular processes.
The organization has implemented different sites to manage their work in a proper manner. The
headquarter of the company has established in Wisconsin, which has managed all the processes
in a proper way. Moreover, there is some important factor, which manages all the processes of
the company, which has provided a large number of advantages to the company in their business.

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The company has hired good leaders and managers to improve the accuracy and relations of the
firm in the market. The company has established two sites for parts development, which are
Missouri and Pennsylvania. In addition, all the sites provide support in the settlement of the
various productions and manufacturing operation of motorcycles. These processes have managed
by various people and systems.
In addition, the company has created a huge demand in the market because of its product and
services. The company has involved an information system for managing the purchasing
department. In addition, the company has created a team of directors for involving information
technology in the business operations of the HDMC. The company has replaced Chief
Information Officer from ‘Office of CIO’, which is a group of directors of the company (Perkins,
2017).
The company has included cloud computing for the changes of some business functions.
Moreover, the HDMC has implemented Supply Chain Strategies (SMS) to improve the business
functions of the company. Cloud-based ERP systems provide better management of business
functions (Zhong & Rohde, 2014). Cloud migration is a good option in the present era, as it has
provided the latest technologies to the company for improving its supply chain management
system (Wu, et al., 2013).
Source: (Enprode, 2019)

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There are some basic benefits of the SMS, which are planning, marketing, logistics,
procurement, analysis, and successful operations.
Information Technology Circle (ITC) has used for the management of various operations of the
company, which are the following:
 maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO),
 general merchandising (GM),
 parts and accessories (P&A), and
 original equipment (OE)
There were many changes in the business processes of the company between Gerry Berryman
has included an information system for the purchasing department in the year 2003. Supply chain
management is helpful in managing suppliers and buyers of the company, which can improve the
growth and value of the products and services of the organization in the market (Shamah, 2013).
Impact of SMS on the Technical and Business environment
The company has used SMS systems to improve the business and technical environment, which
are necessary for the company as well as other stakeholders. The company has focused on the
technical integration for their business functions. In addition, the supply chain is a necessary
process for the company that provides various advantages to the company. There are some
changes in the particular functions of the company that makes a huge impact on their profit and
revenue (Epperson, 2019).
Moreover, operational management is part of SMS. Thus, the company should involve
technologies to improve their operations in a proper manner. In addition, the HDMC has
improved its business operations using innovations and digital transformation. There are some
factors of SMS, which makes an impact on the business and technical environment of the
HDMC, which areas:
The business environment for SMS
Business is a process that depends on the internal factors of a firm. In addition, the company has
included SMS for the management of its business functions with a high level of efficiency and

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performance, which is helpful in the increasing of revenue of the company (De Haes, et al.,
2011).
From the last two decades, cloud computing provides various benefits to the fim that has created
a dilemma in front of the companies to implement for managing its various functions in a proper
way (Peng & Gala, 2014).
Source: (Mansuri, 2018)
Moreover, the six-sigma technique has provided new concepts for reducing costs from the
business functions of the company using waste control. In addition, the six-sigma technique can
improve the value for the customers from the production and manufacturing process.
Furthermore, logistic can manage in a better way through cloud-based services. In addition, there
are some important factors for the company, which makes a big impact on the logistics of the
process (Mazilausjaite, 2018). Besides, the cash flow is between the supplier, customer, and
producers. It is necessary to improve the SMS to get more profit from the various processes of
the company.
Technical environment for SMS
There are some technical factors of the information system. In addition, the firm can increase the
quality of the services (Proper, 2015). The supply chain system has faced much risk because of a
lack of functionality and other factors. Therefore, technology can improve the supply chain

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system with proper monitoring and controlling of the various business processes (Manuj &
Mentzer, 2008).
Source: (Mansuri, 2018)
Moreover, the Management Information System (MIS) has helpful for the improvement of
business processes and its benefits in a particular condition. MIS is the best tool to manage
business processes. Besides, there are many features of MIS in the business (Laudon, & Laudon,
2016). Thus, enterprise architecture has used to manage various things of the business
(Lankhorst, 2009).
SMS drivers and obstacles
There is some basic driver of business, which are innovations and technologies. Therefore, the
company has implemented new technologies in their business. It improves their performance and
reduces various obstacles from growth and success.
Moreover, the SMS system has focused on the various things, which are speed of service, cost
efficiency, and system efficiency. The company has improved the facility of supply based on the
demands of the products (Wu, et al., 2013). Furthermore, ERP systems are the best option for the
company to improve the SMS system. In addition, the HDMC has involved other technologies
and innovations for the management of different things in a proper manner. In addition, the ERP
system can use cloud computing for better management of SMS of the company.

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Strategic implementation
The enterprise must follow all the things in the long term, as it is necessary to provide
advantages of technology to the customers as well (Proper, 2015). In addition, the company has
included a large scale of business processes. There are various dimensions of SMS, such as
logistics, inventory, and many others (Fearne, et al., 2012). ERP system is an integration of
various functions of business scenarios that are quality management, supply chain, inventory,
human resource, customer relationship management, and many others.
Most of the things can be managed by the ERP systems. All those processes can improve their
benefits for the company. HSMC is the best company because of its business functions. The
company has provided its best products to the customers with high level of services. The
company will grow in the market because of its good products and services.
Critical Success Factors (CSFs)
There is various critical success factor of the company, which are helpful in the ERP
implementation. ERP system has included most of the business operations to improve the
business in the international market. ERP system has provided many competitive advantages to
the HDMC (Epperson, 2019). In addition, the company has focused on the sustainable supply
chain processes, which are helpful in the environment. In the present era, most of the ERP
vendors have provided various advantages to the firm. ERP system provides many advantages to
the firm to improve its supply chain system (Fattah, 2012).
In addition, the company has required a large number of business forms in various countries.
Therefore, it is necessary to improve technologies and enterprise architecture (Floretine, 2017).
SAP H/4 HANA is a new cloud-based ERP system in the market, which can manage all the
supply chain processes in a proper manner.
Furthermore, the ERP system can manage the crisis using various approaches, such as backup
and business continuity. It makes huge impacts on business processes. CRM software can
manage all the things in a proper manner, as it has included all the control and risk of the system
based on the audit and other analyses (Peng & Gala, 2014). It can improve the functionality of

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the firm. In addition, sales and marketing are important parts of a business. Therefore, it is
necessary to create proper controls on the business functions.
Critique on strategic approach of the company
The company has used stockholder survey to identify the requirement in a proper way. The
second survey was targeted on the human resources, account payables, and logistics. The goal of
SMS having personnel spends at least 70 % of their time on supplier management activities.
However, more than 85 % personnel have spent on nonstrategic activities. According to the
survey, activities has arranged for the developing supplier relationship was only 5 %. In March
1988, the team has started developing the ‘to be’ process that represented a future vision for
purchasing at HD. The company has used BI model for strategic implementation. The company
has divided 800 people in two parts, which are procurement and its related functions in 1: 3
ratios. The company has used two things for selection, which are business values and business
issues.
Recommendations
There are some changes in the company business process. In addition, there are some business
and technical changes in the company. These are recommendations for the organization to
improve its supply chain management system, which areas:
 implement a Cloud-ERP system to improve functionality of the overall process
 establish security and privacy rules and regulations to secure all the things in the proper
manner
 develop training and education team for providing training to new employees
 improve the cybersecurity and other privacy system using the framework
 improve the knowledge of employees about the technologies and innovations
 create CRM and SCM to improve the relation and strategies of the company
 improve business communication using technologies

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The company must focus on these recommendations to improve its SMS systems and other
business processes. All these recommendations can be used for the improvement of various
business operations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the company has included technologies for the improvement of the SMS. In
addition, the SMS system is helpful for business growth and success in the marketplace. Supply
chain strategies have used for the more success and growth of the business of the company.
There some benefits of the ERP system to the firm.
This report has provided a brief history of the company and its changes, which were based on
innovation and technologies. The company has provided its best products to the customers and it
creates a good reputation in the market. However, the company has used ERP systems to manage
its supply chain system as well as other business processes in a parallel mode. The company
must follow the recommendations to improve its SMS and other systems. It will improve the
performance of business operations of the firm.
Finally, the company has included various technologies and innovation for the growing of
different business functions. The business environment has provided a high value of advantages
to the organization. The company has also managed technical environment in a proper way. It
will improve its profit as well as good reputation in the market.

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References
Daniel, D., 2019. supply chain management (SCM). [Online]
Available at: https://searcherp.techtarget.com/definition/supply-chain-management-SCM
[Accessed 10 October 2019].
De Haes, S., Gemke, D., Thorp, . J. & Van Grembergen, W., 2011. KLM's enterprise governance
of IT journey: From managing IT costs to managing business value. MIS Quarterly Executive,
10(3).
Enprode, 2019. Supply Chain Management and Procurement. [Online]
Available at: https://www.enprode.com/CAPABILITIES/Supply-Chain-Management-and-
Procurement
[Accessed 30 September 2019].
Epperson, J., 2019. ERP Implementation Benefits. [Online]
Available at: https://blog.datixinc.com/blog/reasons-implement-erp
[Accessed 2 September 2019].
Fattah, A., 2012. Enterprise reference architecture. London, UK, s.n.
Fearne, A., Garcia Martinez, M. & Dent, B., 2012. Dimensions of sustainable value chains:
implications for value chain analysis. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,
17(6), pp. 575-581.
Floretine, S., 2017. Why you need an enterprise architect. [Online]
Available at: https://www.cio.com/article/3197390/enterprise-architecture/why-you-need-an-
enterprise-architect.html
[Accessed 21 December 2018].
Lankhorst, M., 2009. Enterprise architecture at work. Berlin: Springer.
Laudon, , K. C. & Laudon, J. P., 2016. Management information system. s.l.: Pearson Education
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Mansuri, S., 2018. How retail and E-Commerce can scale fast using logistics optimization.
[Online]
Available at: https://www.peerbits.com/blog/retail-e-commerce-can-scale-fast-using-logistics-
optimization.html
[Accessed 2 October 2019].
Manuj, I. & Mentzer, J. T., 2008. Global supply chain risk management strategies.. International
Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(3), pp. 192-223.
Mazilausjaite, K., 2018. Logistics in the Cloud. [Online]
Available at: https://longitudes.ups.com/supply-chain-cloud/
[Accessed 30 september 2019].
Peng, G. C. A. & Gala, C., 2014. Cloud ERP: a new dilemma to modern organisations?. Journal
of Computer Information Systems, 54(4), pp. 22-30.
Perkins, B., 2017. What is supply chain management (SCM)? Mastering logistics end to end.
[Online]
Available at: https://www.cio.com/article/2439493/what-is-supply-chain-management-scm-
mastering-logistics-end-to-end.html
[Accessed 10 October 2019].
Proper, H. . A., 2015. Enterprise architecture: informed steering of enterprises in motion.
s.l.:Springer, Cham.
Shamah, R., 2013. Measuring and building lean thinking for value creation in supply chains..
International Journal of Lean, 4(1), pp. 17-35.
Wu, Y., Casey, C. G., Hazen, B. T. & Hall, D. J., 2013. Cloud computing in support of supply
chain information system infrastructure: understanding when to go to the cloud. Journal of
Supply Chain Management, 49(3), pp. 25-41.
Zhong, F. & Rohde, M. E., 2014. Cloud computing and ERP: a framework of promises and
challenges. New Zealand, ACIS.

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