Harrow Borough Population Health: Needs, Determinants and Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the population health of Harrow Borough in London, focusing on demographic characteristics, deprivation indices, health determinants, and key health inequalities. It examines the borough's community health profile, highlighting issues such as mental health disorders, obesity, and chronic illnesses, particularly among lower socio-economic groups. The report also discusses the implications of these findings, emphasizing the need to address health disparities and prioritize interventions for vulnerable populations. Bradshaw's taxonomy of need theory is applied to interpret the community profile, considering normative, felt, expressed, and comparative needs within the borough. The analysis underscores the importance of targeted public health strategies to improve the overall health and well-being of Harrow's residents, addressing income deprivation, barriers to housing, and inequalities in life expectancy across different wards. Desklib offers additional resources and solved assignments for students studying public health and related topics.

POPULATION HEALTH FOR
HARROW BOROUGH

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................3
Community health Profile ...........................................................................................................4
Implication of the finding of the profile ....................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES, ............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Public health organisation is defined as “ the art and science that is used for preventing
the diseases, promoting the health and well being through organised efforts of the society”.
London Borough of Harrow is London borough in north west London, England that has been
created on 1 April 1965. This report crucial information related to the issue that are affecting on
Harrow residents. Demographic, deprivation, determinants, health status are the key areas that
will be covered in essay to understand the overall health status of individual living within the
society. Bradshaw taxonomy of need theory and theories of population trends and transition are
being used to interpreted community profile.
BACKGROUND
Community health need assessment is systematic approach that involves community to
effectively identified, analysis the need of community through understanding the common issue
they face. It is process of prioritize of health needs, planning action that could be used to meet
the community health needs. In another words, it is a systematic approach that contributed in
assessment, identification of needs of the population. There are three components of the
community need assessment such as policy change, system change and environmental change
(Allen, 2020). Likewise, efforts need to be laid on making changes in the existing policies of the
company, its system and environment so that people could have more better environment to live
a healthy lifestyle.
Community health profile can be defined as a comprehensive compilation of information
about a community I,e the fact represent the health of given community from different angles. It
contribute in identification, prioritisation of health problem which is face by maximum number
of people living within the society. It is made up of all detailed related to sociodemographic,
health status, risk factor and quality of life enjoyed and health resources that are most relevant to
the community. In addition to this, the community health profile is related to community health
need assessment as on the basis of accumulate information, health professional do assessment of
the health and well being of the person (Bivins, 2020). All these are actually done with an
motive to enhance the health of the person.
Surveillance is process of closely monitoring individuals with an purpose to identify the
changes that are happening in their health status because of occupational exposure to hazardous
substance. Through monitoring and targeting specific group of people that are living in

“Harrow”, health professional and other people can easily identified and make assessment of
what all crucial health issue they are being suffering from. So, that alternative method can be
find out to overcome or eradicate their health issue by making improvement in the environment
they live, health resource they have and many more (Bosch and et.al., 2020). Hence, the manner
in which monitoring and surveillance can be related to community health need assessment can be
understand that through closing monitoring- the environment in which they people live, key
resources available, health facilities offered and many others options. Therefore, all these
information are crucial in assessment of health need of community for better outcome.
Community health Profile
 Indices of deprivation in Harrow Brough: As per the statistical facts, the Harrow is
ranked 213th out of 326 districts in England, but it is much more improved from 2010, as
borough rank 184. It was also extracted that, out of 33 boroughs, it is 6th least deprived
borough. There are three domain in which the Harrow has performed effectively such as
“Employment, Skills & Training” that means people have chance to getting more better
opportunities. While, it has been identified, that there are two domain that is “Incomes
affecting Older People” and “Barriers to Housing”, thus it ranked 48th and 61th in the most
deprived areas respectively (Cattan and et.al., 2019). It can be summarised, that the
borough level Harrow is app rear to be doing well as compared to others in context of
deprivation. Particularly in relation with Marlborough, Greenhill, Wealdstone and
Roxbourne in which there are many healthy inequalities, barrier to housing facilities and
income deprivation. Furthermore, there are certain areas in harrow that have limited
green space in Central and Southern areas of Borough that reflect greater areas of
deprivation.
The current health status of people living in the borough is that 15.6% of adults, 4,861 are
suffering from mental disorder. At the same time, there are around 54.85 of adults and 16.6% of
pregnant women that are suffering from issue of obesity. Chronic ill health issue is being
suffered by most of the people belonging to lower socio-economic groups thereby they died
earlier as compared to other advantaged. The men is biggest contributor of inequality gap in
circulatory disease that has been followed by cancer and respiratory diseases (Chauhan, 2019).
Harrow Adult Social Care Services is providing support services to around 2227 older people
that is approximately 6.6%, in comparison with London it is 8.5% and England is 6.7%. It has

also derived that people over 75 age have very poor” Quality of Life as compared to other
individuals.
 Key demographic characteristic: It is diverse borough having population of 149,246
that belong to different social and economic culture such as Black and Minority Ethinic
communities. There are more male as compared to female that is 126,802 and 125,536
respectively. It has been formed in 1965 and made up of made up of three towns such as
Harrow proper, Pinner, and Stanmore. Among which there are 20.6% of people that
belong to under age group of 16, while working age that is from 16 to 24 years, there are
64.2% people. It have more ageing population as compared to others. At the same time, it
is expected that the number of people of age 65+ will increase by 41% while 85+ will
67% by 2031. Furthermore, secondary resource has helped in understanding that there are
13.7% that have suffering from situation of disability that belong to age group of 16 to24
years (Kenway and et.al., 2020). Hence, that are around total 22,100 people that are
disabled in borough. On the basis of race, there are 61.8% of residents that belong to
minority ethnic group and 38.2 % White British group. While, there are 26.4% of
Harrow resident that belong to Indian origin and having largest minority ethnic group in
the borough. During the recent years, there has been reduction in long term unemployed
claim and unemployment, but there are range of residents that are suffering from low
paid job and low functional skills.
 Key measure of deprivation (inequality): In harrow borough there is high child poverty
rate inequality i.e., 35%, income inequality – 0.82, pay inequalities- 2.76 and poverty
rate – 23%. There is high inequalities in terms of qualification at 19 that is around
24.08%. Hence, steps need to be taken by local council to improve the health and well
being of people residing in the community. By promoting equality in terms of offering
health services and resources so that they can easily recover from the number of health
issue and live a better lifestyle. The ranking of health deprivation in borough has been
improved and it is more better as compared to the national average (Mahmood, and
et.al., 2020). But still, there are health disparities exist within the borough that has to be
overcome for effective outcome. For example: as per the statistics of 2016-17, there are
4-5 year old suffering from excessive weight that is around 18.4%. At the same time,
geographical inequalities in life expectancy is being marked across the Borough. Such as,

Greenhill ward is most deprived for health and disability, while lowest life expectancy
has been more in Greenhill, Roxbourne and Wealdstone wards of Harrow.
 Key measures of determinants of health: There are different measure of determinants
of health, such as the education, income level, family background and neighbourhood for
individual. Likewise, in current scenario, income deprivation has been suffered by
around 30,000 and over fifth of residents are being low paid job. It is ranking nationally
at 61st / 326 Local Authorities and performed poorly particularly in “‘Incomes affecting
Older People”. As compared to London and West London, the wages provided to the
employees are being lower in Harrow, for example they earn less than the average
weekly pay for London residents (Rhodes, 2019). The borough has condition of lower
proportion of 19 years old in London that are without Level 3 qualification. It has worst
infant mortality rates in London such as 4.2 per 1,000 live births. In harrow borough, the
Greenhill, Roxbourne and Wealdstone wards have the lowest life expectancy, among
which the Greenhill is most deprived in health and disability. It is also estimated that
around mental health problems affect 1 in 6 of adults, such as 22700 people are suffering
from mental health issues.
The condition of school in the borough are good or outstanding as Judge by Ofsted as it
has 96% and its primary school are ranked 15th out of 150 local authorities for pupil achieving
grade 5 or above in Maths, English and others. In 2017, it has been ranked as 4th best
performing area for pupils progress. In 2016-17, 376 carers supports is being offered by local
authority that were aged 65 and above, but as per the survey, there has not be significantly
different in carers of older in comparison with younger. Therefore, maximum efforts has laid by
local authorities to narrow down the inequalities gaps.
Implication of the finding of the profile
Harrow Public Health Priorities are set for the profile to whom the strategies or
intervention set are not able to reach the target population that resulted in inequality within the
society. Such as first and foremost, priority need to be set to eradicate the issue of obesity face by
number of children and adults living in Harrow Borough, as the rate of obesity has been
increased during recent situations (Ryan and et.al., 2021). Along with it, the people that are
belonging to low social- economic group, older age are profile of patient should be given

emphasis to provide appropriate treatment and intervention. So that health and well being of
individual can be improved in effective manner.
Bradshaw taxonomy of need theory
Bradshaw taxonomy of need theory provide a methodology in making a real need
possibles through focusing on four type of social needs of individuals. Such as Normative, felt,
expressed and comparative.
1. Normative: These are the need that has been defined by the expert and are measurable
against the set standard. Such as, most of the expert has suggested, that the Harrow
Borough should make improvement in its health status and promoting equality with the
society. Through treating each and every individual in equal manner or providing equal
access to all healthcare resources and treatment (Self and et.al., 2020). Hence, all
individual belonging to different class, culture, region, income and age can easily get
better treatment and live a better lifestyles as other individual across UK.
 Felt need: These are needs that actual people living within the specific areas wants, but
unable to expressed. For examples: in context of Harrow Borough there are many people
that felt, step need to be taken by local authority to provide better social and economic
environment so that they can grow and develop their existing skills and capabilities.
Likewise, more infrastructure and other facilitates need to be developed with an motive to
enhance education, lifestyles and employment opportunities for the people. Hence they
can have more source of earning income and live life as per their expectancy.
 Expressed need: When group of individual expressed or felt that it should be done
within the society so that they can have a good lifestyles. Likewise, there are number of
people in Harrow Borough that expressed that they are being suffering from high obesity
health issue, infant mortality rate and other (Spiro, 2019). Therefore, they as group has
expressed that local authority should find intervention to reduce the rate of obesity face
by people staying in Borough.
 Comparative need: It is need that is compared with wide population or communities,
such as while comparing the demographical, social, economical, health status and other
factors of Harrow Borough and other areas of UK. It has been find out, Harrow Borough
is least developed borough as compared to all others that is Greenhill, Roxbourne and
Wealdstone wards (Cattan and et.al., 2019). Such as People of Harrow borough earn less

than average of London people which represent huge difference in disposable income of
people.
Theories of population trend and transitions
1. Demographic: It has been estimated that largest ethnic group will be the population of
Indian origin and by 2050, it will make one third of total population of Borough. While
the population of White British will decline frequently in 2025 and 2050 by around 20%
and 16%. Although it will the second largest group staying with the borough. In addition
to this, there are around 21.0% (52,600) that are under age of 16, 63.3% (158,400) belong
to age group of 16 to 64 and 15.7% (39,200) to older age group.
2. Epidemiological: As per the health report, child poverty is major issue that has lead life
long health consequences. Likewise, individual are facing loneliness and social isolation
issue, mental health disorder and increase in rate of obesity (Zimianiti and et.al., 2021).
But, with crucial measure undertaken by the local authorities pertaining to improving the
Borough has contributed in improving the health status, facilitates offered to people.
3. Nutritional transition: It is reported that there are 5 portion of fruit as well as vegetable
that has been consumed by 54.1% adults in particular day, as compared to 54.1% in
London and 54.1% as national average. 88.6% is the rate of breastfeeding initiation in
Harrow as compared to London borough and national average that is 74.5%.
Community assets as per community based asset development approaches
As per the Asset based community development (ABCD) approach, the harrow Borough
have budget £170.3m, 5,046 hectares of households and total population of 250,149. All these
acts as assets for the community that contributed in making life of people more better. Likewise,
the budget and tax contribute in making investment in different healthcare and other facilitates
that could be offered to people for better outcome or standard lifestyles as other areas such as
UK (Kenway and et.al., 2020).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that there health assessment need is important
to conduct in order to know what all actual health issue being suffered by individuals living
within the society. To find out alternative method that could be used by the local authorities to
improve the socio-economic environment for bright future ahead. Likewise, Harrow borough is
having inequalities that has resulted in unequal access of healthcare facilitates among low and

high income group of people. There most of the people belonging to the Indian origin only and
other such as white British that are living together. At last the report has contribute in
understanding that necessary intervention, strategies and action taken by local authorities has
helped in growth of Harrow Borough in terms of income, educational and health status of people.

REFERENCES,
Books and journals
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hospitalised patients in North West London.
Bivins, R., 2020. Weighing on us all? Quantification and cultural responses to obesity in NHS
Britain. History of Science. 58(2). pp.216-242.
Bosch, L.S., and et.al., 2020. Associations of the objective built environment along the route to
school with children’s modes of commuting: A multilevel modelling analysis (the SLIC
study). PloS one. 15(4). p.e0231478.
Cattan, S., and et.al., 2019. The health effects of Sure Start.
Chauhan, B., 2019. Quality Improvement Project: Understanding and improving health outcomes
for unaccompanied asylum seeking children (UASC) in Harrow. Adoption & Fostering.
43(2). pp.225-230.
Kenway, P., and et.al., 2020. People and places in London most vulnerable to COVID-19 and its
social and economic consequences. New Policy Institute.
Mahmood, I., and et.al., FACS: a geospatial agent-based simulator for analysing COVID-19
spread and public health measures on local regions. Journal of Simulation. pp.1-19.
Rhodes, G., 2019. 2. The Herbert Commission (1): Evidence of Local Authorities and Local
Authority Associations. In The Government of London (pp. 26-38). University of
Toronto Press.
Ryan, R.M., and et.al., 2021. Mindfulness and Motivation: A Process View Using Self-
Determination Theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science.
p.09637214211009511.
Self, M.C. and et.al., 2020. 183 Development of a covid-19 PCR testing pathway for key
workers and care homes.
Spiro, A., 2019. BETTER TOGETHER. Community Practitioner. 92(8), pp.26-29.
Zimianiti, I.,and et.al., 2021. Medical Students Learning on the COVID-19 Front Line. JMIR
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