401001 Primary Healthcare Project: Healing Circle at Gnibi, Australia

This project analyzes the 'Healing Circle at Gnibi' primary healthcare program carried out in a community in Western Australia, focusing on the application of social determinants of health (SDoH), primary health care principles, the Ottawa Charter for health promotion, and cultural competence. The project highlights how strong social networks and education are key SDoH, influencing the project's need. It explores the principles of community participation and intersectoral collaboration as guiding factors, as well as the 'enable' strategy from the Ottawa Charter. The assignment emphasizes the importance of cultural competence in addressing health disparities and ensuring the project's success, referencing the video and relevant literature to support its findings. The project highlights the positive impacts of the program, including the improvement of health status and lifestyle of the community, reducing isolation and neglect, and providing a safe and secure living environment for disadvantaged groups.

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Davinder Saini
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Project - Healing circle at Gnibi about a primary healthcare program carried out in a
community in Western Australia
Social determinants of health to determine the need for the project
Strong social network and education are two main social determinants of health which
helped in determining the need for the project. A strong social network is critical for mental
and physical well-being that helps indigenous people cope with material and economic
hardship. The strong social network builds shared responsibility in the community that helps
people to provide a safe and healthy environment to their children (de Souza, de Almeida,
Moll, Silva & Ventura, 2016) . According to (Drageset, Lindstrøm, Giske & Underlid, 2015),
supportive social networks and social participation are important for illness management and
these offer a new perspective to enhance the quality of life of indigenous people. Strong
social network and social support strengthen the health of an individual as well as a
community. The findings of this study suggested that social network of communication
makes people feel cared for, valued, esteemed and loved which has a powerful protective
impact on primary health. From the video, developed by the Rural Health Channel (2014), it
has been found that Young Mums Program has been started in a rural town in Victoria to
provide maternal and child health services to them. This program provides an effective place
for disadvantaged groups for building a strong community network and develops their
parenting skills. From the video, it has been evident that people are building a sense of
community by providing support and sharing experience for each other. Thus, strong social
network and social support positively affect the quality of life and promotes primary health.
Education is another social determinant which greatly influences health by increasing
literacy, individual knowledge, critical thinking skills, job opportunities, and occupational
status (Awizen, Knobel & Cocker, 2015). According to a systematic review conducted by

(Pandey & Barber, 2016), people with low levels of health literacy have been exhibiting
poorer health outputs. The findings of the author stated that education supporting and
nurturing human relationships, human development, and family and community well-being.
It is essential for disadvantaged people to gain education as it directly influences the level of
wealth and income through employment opportunities. As educational attainment increases,
the occurrence of health diseases decreases. Hence, it is essential to reduce the prevalence of
illiteracy and increase educational attainment among disadvantaged and indigenous people
for health promotion (Baum, 2014). The given video highlights the importance of education
in the promotion of primary health. Presently, a number of cases of child neglect and abuse
have more than doubled in Australia due to lack of awareness among people about primary
healthcare. In Australia, many of the indigenous people do not know about the dangers of
alcohol and drugs and they are not able to deal with health issues. However, the project will
help disadvantaged and indigenous people to learn how they can deal with health issues and
provide services to their children.
Primary health care principles guided the project
Community participation and intersectoral collaboration are two primary health care
principles which were guided the project in the video. Community participation can be
defined as the involvement of all community’s resources in addressing and promoting health
problems at the ground level (Bath & Wakerman, 2015). According to ((Kenny, Hyett &
Dickson-Swift, 2017), there is a positive relationship between community participation and
enhanced healthcare outputs. The author concluded that community participation highly
contributes to improving health status on the basis of various factors including socio-cultural
factors and system factors. In the current scenario, many of the countries encourage
community participation in order to change poor health behavior of illiterate local people.
From the video, it was evident that during community participation, people get a chance to

share their experiences and provide support to each other. There is a need for the strong
community for the development and well-being of children. For example, in October 2007,
an indigenous community was devastated in Western Australia when a number of its young
men were arrested on the basis of child sexual assault. At that time, Professor Judy Atkinson
and her team were conducted various workshops with the help of elder women and men to
restore the community by providing special care to indigenous people especially children.
Hence, community participation has a positive impact on the well being of disadvantaged
people.
Intersectoral collaboration is another principle of primary health care as the participation of
government and business organizations are equally essential to promote self-reliance and
health of communities (Saint-Pierre, Herskovic & Sepúlveda, 2017). According to (Anaf et
al., 2014), intersectoral collaboration is a comprehensive approach which can be used to
address social and health issues. It provides an effective way for primary health care in order
to address SoDoH (Social Determinants of Health). The findings of this study stated that
intersectoral collaboration supports joint action among health service providers and other
organizations to improve health outcomes. From the video, it was evident that indigenous
communities link to the university and government in order to deal with their health
problems. In order to meet the unique needs of the individual community, the university
works in partnership with a government. Along with this, the video presents one more
example of a joint program that helps young people to build confidence and skills
successfully. In the end, it can be concluded that intersectoral collaboration between private
and public organizations is important to improve the lifestyle of communities.

Strategy from Ottawa Charter for health promotion that relates to the
project
Mediate, Advocate and Enable are three main strategies of the Ottawa Charter for health
promotion (Dainius, 2016). ‘Enable’ strategy from Ottawa Charter has used for health
promotion which relates to the project in the video. The main purpose of this strategy is to
ensure the availability of equal health care resources and opportunities for all people so that
they can easily fulfill their needs. According to (Fry & Zask, 2016), ‘enable’ health
promotion strategy helps to build healthy public policy, strengthen community actions, create
a supportive environment, reorienting health services and develop personal skills. This
strategy has been equally applicable to both men and women. For ‘Healing Circle at Gnibi’
project, ‘enable’ strategy from Ottawa charter has utilized in order to provide equal health
care opportunities to the entire community including men, women, and children. The video
highlights a certain perception of community that men face difficulties while talking about
the physical and emotional issues faced by them. From the video, it was evident that the
project started a joint program for women, parenting workshops for fathers and trauma
recovery journey for old people to address issues faced by them. The project members also
encouraged children to express their pain through dancing, painting and story maps during
this project. However, this project improves health status and lifestyle of mothers, fathers, old
grannies, grandfathers, and children. Along with this, it also reduces isolation and neglect in
the community by providing a safe and secure living environment to disadvantaged groups so
that they can meet their unique needs.
Cultural competence
Cultural competence is an effective approach to improve the provision of health care in the
community by reducing ethnic/racial health disparities. It can be defined as the ability of
healthcare organizations and service providers to effectively deliver health care services

which meet the linguistic, cultural and social needs of disadvantaged people and patients.
According to (Jongen, McCalman & Bainbridge, 2018), cultural competence refers to set of
congruent behaviors, policies & attitudes which come together in a healthcare system and
enable healthcare service providers to work effectively and efficiently in cross-cultural
situations. In-house training and education videos for doctors, nurses, and other healthcare
workers are some of the ways which can be utilized by healthcare organizations to attain
cultural competence.
Importance of cultural competence in determining the project success
Cross-cultural competence is important to determine the success of the project as it has the
ability to address inequitable access to primary healthcare (Dauvrin & Lorant, 2015). It is
highly important for the effective delivery of quality healthcare services (Jongen, McCalman
& Bainbridge, 2018). Cultural competence training should be conducted for healthcare
professionals in order to address disparities in the quality of healthcare services which have
been received by both racial and ethnic minorities (Dauvrin & Lorant, 2015). This training
increases awareness among people on various issues of sexuality, gender, health practitioner
and system bias, racism, and mistrust. In the Gnibi Project, healthcare organizations and
professionals spread awareness among disadvantaged people on various issues such as child
abuse and neglect, pornography, etc. in order to reduce healthcare disparities in the
community. The main objective of this project is to increase cultural awareness, knowledge
and develop skills of primary healthcare among disadvantaged people so that they can
improve their lifestyle. In this project, culture-specific values and attitudes are incorporated
into health promotion tools to attain cultural competency. While watching this video, it has
been found that Gnibi Project provides primary healthcare services to the entire community
including children, grandparents, and parents. This training and education program is easily
accessible for disadvantaged and indigenous people in Australia. Hence, it is essential for

disadvantaged and indigenous people and healthcare professionals to participate in training
programs to overcome health issues to some extent.
References
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