Cardiovascular Issues: Role of Health Determinants & Analysis

This essay examines the role of health determinants in cardiovascular disease (CVD), highlighting how factors like human/biological, behavioral, psychological, and socio-economic conditions influence health outcomes. It discusses the inequalities that persist despite advancements in healthcare, using Kansas City as an example where food insecurity and socio-economic gaps contribute to poor nutrition and limited access to healthcare. The essay emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants to improve health outcomes and suggests using the PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model to analyze health disparities and develop community-based interventions. It concludes that understanding and mitigating the effects of social exclusion are crucial for ensuring better health outcomes and reducing the prevalence of CVD.

Running head: PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH BEHAVIOUR 1
Principles of health behaviour
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How have determinants of health played a role in cardiovascular issue
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be termed as one of the leading causes of death
(Gottlieb et al. 2017). Despite the significant advancement, there remains existence of
inequalities that can impair the health outcome of the targeted population. As stated by
Comín et al. (2016), social determinants of health are seen to play major role in influencing
the incidents related to CVD. The social determinant of health is seen to reflect the impact in
regards to social environment on the targeted population.
 Human and Biological Determinant: As stated by Lum et al. (2016) ethnic structure
can carry the risk of heart disease within a common group of individuals as they all
are subjected to similar eating and lifestyle habits that contribute to CVD
 Behavioral Determinant: The countries with high amount of smoker and alcohol
consumers are often predisposed to events of CVD. Similarly, use of illicit drugs acts
as a major reason for CVD that can be controlled by modifying human behaviour
 Psychological Determinant: Stress is often linked with high rates of mortality due to
CVD. Similarly, depression can lead to CVD as both of them are positively correlated
to one another (Jennings, Larson & Yun, 2016).
 Socio-economic Determinant: Is the prime health determinant that decides the
outcome of CVD. Often due to lack of social security or financial support people tend
to suffer due to lack of care and eventually die.
How health determinants affect targeted population
One of the leading problem in Kansas City is social determinant of health. Based on
the statistics, it can be clearly seen that one out of every 6 individuals is seen to suffer from
food insecurity. This, food insecurity highlights the socio-economic gap currently existing in
the community. As supported by Gottlieb et al. (2017), lack of proper nutrition often acts as a

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precursor for CVD. However, prevalence of poor nutrition is not the only health determinant
that emerges out to be a leading cause of cancer. It becomes important to understand that
poor nutrition is often an engendering factor. Rather, the increase in socio-economic gap is
further seen to highlight the provision of healthcare facilities that is limited to certain section
of individuals. Thus, it becomes important to know the fact that it is important to ensure
economic and social equality for better health outcome. In addition to that, it becomes equally
important to understand that gap in care can be mitigated by reducing the effect of social
exclusion
PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model and health determinant
The aspect of care can be properly analysed after understanding the factors that
determine the cause of health disparity among the chosen area. In addition to that, it becomes
important to know identifying the health determinants can work on analysing the potential
epidemiological assessment related to heart arrest (Lum et al. 2016). Analsying the potential
behavioural and environmental determinants that work on reinforcing the behaviours and
lifestyle are often identified and proper provision of care is determined.
The health educator can thus work on understanding the problems within the Kansas
state and provide recommendation based on the research made. Once the health determinant
is analysed, it becomes important to understand that community approach can be made for
addressing the existing health issues and ensuring better health outcomes. Nevertheless, it
should be noted that, components of the plan must be adapted as per demands

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Reference
Comín-Colet, J., Anguita, M., Formiga, F., Almenar, L., Crespo-Leiro, M. G., Manzano,
L., ... & Enjuanes, C. (2016). Health-related quality of life of patients with chronic
systolic heart failure in Spain: results of the VIDA-IC study. Revista Española de
Cardiología (English Edition), 69(3), 256-271.
Gottlieb, L., Colvin, J. D., Fleegler, E., Hessler, D., Garg, A., & Adler, N. (2017). Evaluating
the accountable health communities demonstration project. Journal of general
internal medicine, 32(3), 345-349.
Jennings, V., Larson, L., & Yun, J. (2016). Advancing sustainability through urban green
space: Cultural ecosystem services, equity, and social determinants of
health. International Journal of environmental research and public health, 13(2), 196.
Lum, H. D., Carey, E. P., Fairclough, D., Plomondon, M. E., Hutt, E., Rumsfeld, J. S., &
Bekelman, D. B. (2016). Burdensome physical and depressive symptoms predict heart
failure–specific health status over one year. Journal of pain and symptom
management, 51(6), 963-970.