Health Education: Factors, Barriers, and Initiative Plan Report

This report, focusing on health education, delves into various factors influencing health status, such as gender, culture, education, lifestyle, environment, and biological influences, while also addressing the impact of ethnicity and personal beliefs. It identifies and examines barriers service users face when accessing healthcare, including cultural differences, communication issues, time constraints, income limitations, health beliefs, and past experiences. The report further evaluates the relationship between health beliefs and illness, explaining how individual perceptions and attitudes affect health behaviors and treatment outcomes, and compares health education and health promotion strategies for health improvement. Additionally, it analyzes theoretical models used in local health education campaigns and culminates in the development of a plan for a local health education initiative, addressing specific health issues within a community, supported by relevant demographic data and a concluding summary of the key findings and recommendations. The report highlights the importance of communication and understanding the needs of service users to improve health outcomes.

Unit 5: Health Education in Action
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Contents Page
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................2
1) Describe different factors that impact on status of health..................................................2
2) Explain potential barriers service users face when accessing healthcare services.............4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
3) Evaluate the relationship between health beliefs and illness.............................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
4) Compare health education and health promotion strategies used for health improvement7
5) Evaluate different theoretical models are used in local health education campaigns........8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
6) Explain the need for a health education initiative by current local demographic data......9
7) Develop a plan for a local health education initiative......................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
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Task 1: Briefing
Introduction
This briefing is about health education and defining the process of providing information two
individuals and communities so that better outcomes of health can be developed. This includes
providing information and plane individuals about physical, environmental, emotional, spiritual,
social and mental health to them. With proper education about health the individuals can learn to
behave in a manner by promoting and maintaining of their health. The providers of education of
health are important feature in the role of health Care professional and nurses. From this, they can
provide appropriate care and services to individuals from which positive outcomes can be derived.
This is also important feature for government as with this they can provide significant benefits to
individuals and communities so that their health outcomes can be increased. In this assignment, there
are various range of actors are discussed with this which impact on the health status. As there are
various types of barriers are occur which are faced by service users while accessing care services in
spire organization (Campoli, Ferraz and Rebelatto, 2019).
There is various type of relationship occur between health beliefs and illness as it also includes the
impact on communication between professionals and service users. There are different types of
health education and health promotion strategies are occur which are used in order to improve the
health care services are also included in this. Moreover, theoretical models help in reflect in the
health education campaigns that provide initiative of health education by using appropriate data.
Lastly, the development of plan towards local health education initiative from which various health
issue within a local community can properly address are covered in this.
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Different factors that impact on status of health
There are different types of factors occur that are help in influencing health. These factors are occur
as socio-economic factors which are related to the environment of an individual. The factors are
described below.
Gender- this factor plays an important role in the life of an individual as this occurs differently in
both men and women. As there are biological differences occur in both men and women which
impacts or influence the health of them. This is also includes providence of services according to
their gender role and behavior. As in some areas the services providers of health is differently for
women and men. The occurrence of different types of diseases is differently in both as female get
puberty in early ages then man. As there are higher numbers of illnesses are found in women
including poor health. The females also experience most of the emotional expression rather than man
(Reimann and et. al., 2019).
Culture- this causes both negative and positive impact on health. The individual has their own
beliefs and sense of Identity from which there philosophies are based according to their. Including
this, they have their own values that relates with responsibility from which influencing of health
occur. As the culture helps in developing the frame of health among individuals and communities
from which they perceive services according to their beliefs.
Education- this is an important factors that provide impact on status of health as the poor education
about health is linked with poor health status. As a person who has proper education about health are
more likely to have good health outcomes. With proper education about health the independence can
show lack of interest towards various substances that can affect their health. In addition to this, the
education about various health benefits can also help in providing the better outcome of health. This
factor helps individual to understand the importance of maintaining a healthy life and to keep
environment clean.
Lifestyle- the lifestyle refers to the condition in which people live. This includes their habits behavior
and culture which adapt by them in their daily activities. As many individuals adapt to different type
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of habits such as alcoholism and smoking which can develop various disease and impacts on their
lifestyle (Davis, Kreashko and Allison, 2019). The factor also helps in providing information about
adapting things in their daily life so that their health can be promoted. This includes the providence
of information of exercise, sleep, proper amount of Nutrition, etc.
Environment- the poor health mainly caused by environment which includes the changes within it.
As there are two different types of environmental factors are occur which are internal and external.
The internal factors refer to the internal system of body which impact on the health. The external
environment includes the psychological biological and physical change which is exposed by
individuals. This causes a direct impact on mental, physical and social factors of their health.
Biological influences- the factor of an individual can be determined by the genes that are present in
them. The health is depend on the constitution of genes as the variation can cause various disease that
impact on their health status.
Ethnicity- in this there are different types of factors occur which impact on the health status. This
factor includes issues in communication between professionals and service users. In addition to the
issues with different beliefs, attitude and cultures that impact on the health status.
Personal beliefs- this factor refers to the behavior and abilities open individual that influences the
process of health. As each individual has their own personal beliefs from which there attitude
develop towards any services.
Potential barriers service users face when accessing healthcare services.
There are different types of barriers occur among service users while accessing services within
health care services. These barriers cause potential impact on the life of individuals from which it
impacts on their health status in the organization spire. The barriers are described below.
Culture- this factor is related to the belief this is defined as the differences between healthcare
professionals and service users from which they cannot understand each other properly. As it
involves the perception of an individuals from which they cannot appropriately communicate with
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their health professionals. This includes problem in decision making and time-consuming services
and communication which impact on the services are from which they faces many difficulties while
accessing health care services (Brown, Raji and Braden, 2020).
Communication- this barrier is defined as an improper development of communication between
patient and service provider. This can be occur through differences in gender status language and
culture. Due to the lack of attention and distraction also develop problems in communication. This
barrier also occurs by lack of proper services and privacy from which communication cannot build
between service users and providers.
Time- this is one of the most important barriers that highly among service users while accessing
healthcare services. This occurs as a professional for any organization does not provide appropriate
services to service users within a proper time. This may also impact on their health status from which
negative outcomes can also occur. From this the service user faces in attaining the preventive
services within a time period.
Income- at the time of accessing services the individuals face many financial barriers as the cost
of services is not relevant according to their income. So they are not able to afford the cost of
services which might impact on their health (Blackburn and et. al., 2016). This is a potential barrier
that is faced by individuals in their services. Due to lack of proper income, the service user does not
able to attend services in a proper time period.
Health beliefs- the each individual has their own beliefs of health from which develop potential
barriers among them. The beliefs of an individual are developed by their surrounding environment
from which they access services. This develops various miscommunication between healthcare
professionals and service users from which they does not properly attain services due to their own
belief of health.
Past experiences- the service users have their own past experiences which develop various
barriers among them by accessing services. This develops beliefs and attitudes from their past from
which they are not able to understand services that are provided by healthcare professionals.
Assessing the Potential barriers service users face when accessing healthcare services.
On the basis of the potential factors it can be analysed that various factors have greater
influence on the service user while availing healthcare services. The culture influences the perception
that this affects the communication among the service provider and the health care professionals.
Also the due to opposite gender the quality of the services may get affected as this affected the open
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communication where the user does not discuss openly the issue faced by them. In addition to this,
proper time is not provided to the service user due to which efficient services are not provided as this
affects the lack of understanding among them and it affect the level of trust because it generates the
belief among the service user that the service providers are not concerned in depth for their issues and
problems.
Task 2 – Article
Introduction
In present scenario, it can be explained that health believes and illness have a relation between
each other. Also, it is necessary to understand that relation must be developed between the health
practitioner and patient for the purpose of obtaining the effective result. In this task, detail
explanation will be done regarding the relation between health beliefs and illness. Along with this,
various theories and concept will also be explained in it for effective result.
The relationship between health beliefs and illness
The health belief is defined as the self-efficacy of an individuals from which they perform a
certain behavior. The perception of individuals helps in identifying or influence the cause of their
behavior. The illness beliefs are described as the bliss that an individual is acquiring during their
stages of life and illnesses. Within this period an individual’s develop many beliefs towards services
which develop various difficulties among healthcare providers among them.
Health illness: Despite the fact that the idea of disease, by all accounts, seems to be a target
developed when opposed to the idea of wellbeing, some philosophical issues have a more critical
group that as the basis of illness definition finds that this may not be the ideal situation. optimizing
and incorporating the essence of illness may be as troublesome as assigning for what is worth
celebrating wellbeing. That is, though one would not dismiss the idea that work without advice and
moving away from normalcy are fundamental components of illness.
Difference between health beliefs and illness
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict
health behaviours. This is done by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals. Illness
perceptions are the organized cognitive representations or beliefs that patients have about their
illness. These perceptions have been found to be important determinants of behaviour and have been
associated with a number of important outcomes.
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In particular, the beliefs that patients maintain regarding their well-being and disease are
fundamental to the way they present, respond to treatment and evaluate their work potential. Be that
as it may, the beliefs of the experts from the appropriate medical services, scholars and those of a
wider society are of particular importance in understanding the causes of the disease, the extent of the
hand and their ability to cure. This article explores the idea of sentencing and why future advances in
the bio psychosocial model must assess the beliefs of all the major actors included.
There are different theories that help in analyzing the relationship between health and illness
beliefs. These are described below.
Attribution theory- this theory help in identify the relationship between health belief and illness
belief. It is concern about the behavior and thinking of individuals that how they interpret events.
This helps in determining the cause of their behavior that the impact on their health. With the help of
this the relationship between health belief and illness of an individual can properly identified. As
beliefs of people can influence their attitude and behavior which is affecting their health. The
behavior of an individual is developed through physiological and other factors from which their
behavior develops. The health professionals must observe the behavior of an individual including the
cause of their attitude. With the help of Proper communication they can determine the act of their
behavior. Along with this the both external and internal causes of attributed can properly determine
from which the relationship between illness and health belief that is receiving by an individual can
properly determine (Masters, 2016).
The health locus of control- this provides the belief of individuals on the basis of their past
experiences of issues in their health. It also includes the control of external and internal control from
which health is affecting. There are two types of controls are there which are external and internal.
The external control is linked with the health belief which develops negative outcomes. While
internal control refers to the health beliefs of an individual from which favorable outcomes can be
develop within the services of patients.
Risk perception- it is defined as the perception that is made by individuals towards any
characteristics of risk. This is help in analyzing the beliefs of health in individuals from which the
cause of illness can also be determined. This influence the communication strategies between health
practitioners and services users as the professionals can also determine the risk that are considered by
individuals with their services by communicating them (Singer and et. al., 2019).
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Self-efficacy- this is define as the capacity of an individual according to their belief from which they
execute their behavior towards others. This provides the relationship between illness and health belief
as it influence the individuals to change their behavior with motivation.
There is a relationship occur between healthcare practitioners and health beliefs with the help
of communication. As, the healthcare professionals understand the perception of service users
appropriately. With the proper communicating to service users they can respect their beliefs that are
acquire among health. They can also share understanding towards them so that they can attain proper
healthcare services from which better outcomes of health can be develop. This provides resistance
between both of them from which effective services can be provided to them that can benefit within
their health.
There are also various range of factors are occur that affect communication between
healthcare professionals and service users. Those factors can be said that believes and culture is one
of the reason which do not allow to have effective communication which is the reason that effective
result might not obtain in some of the situation. Secondly, attitude of the service user is one of the
major problems which create the problem to maintaining proper communication and it has the main
reason due to which recovery period takes longer time period as compared to normal time period.
These factors are development of lack of trust among practitioners by service users from which they
cannot share their information to them. There are also various factors that influence health beliefs in
communication between professional and service users (Robert and Al, 2020). It includes methods
and skills from which the professionals can appropriate communicate with their patients. In addition
to this, verbal and nonverbal communication can use appropriately communicating two users. The
healthcare professionals must make proper environment in which communication takes place that
service users can feel comfortable about their health beliefs. It must also include providing
appropriate timing while communicating them so that they can share their beliefs regarding health to
healthcare professionals. Within communication, the culture of service users must be understood by
the practitioner so that they can properly consider their beliefs of health. There are also some factors
that impact negatively on communication between practitioner and users. It includes lack of
transparency and information from health care practitioners to their service users. This also filled
gaps between communication with practitioner and health beliefs.
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TASK 3 – Essay
Introduction
This essay will be comparing health education and health promotion strategies used for health
improvement. It will look at exploring the relationship between theoretical models of health
education and health behaviour. As well as describing and explaining in detail how different
theoretical models are reflected and used in different local health education campaigns to elicit
changes in behaviour by using contemporary/current examples.
Heath promotion can be explained as the process where health practitioner tries to provide the
way through control can be brought within the percentage of improper health condition. There are
different strategies which are used in it for the purpose of obtaining the effective result in health
promotion where awareness program can be the effective one. For example: Jacob and his team is a
professional health promotion and they can visit to different place and tell people about the negative
of improper health through which positive result can be obtained. On the other side, health education
can be defined as the process where a student involves themselves in the professional field of health.
Also it can be defined as the principle by which individuals and groups of people, learn to behave in
a manner conducive to the promotion, maintenance, or restoration of health. Examples of health
education strategies include courses, trainings, and support groups. The health education provides
some strategies to individuals and communities from which their health can be improved. These
strategies include development of various organizations within community so that their health can be
improved properly. It also includes providers of different trainings to individual from which they can
improve their health. This helps in developing their capacity and provide them support from which
changes in the behavior of people occur from which benefits of health are attain by them. The health
education provides information to target population from which they can gain various benefits
regarding threats that they are facing. It also includes providers of education on a topic about health
which are facing by community.
The objective of health education is to provide identification of problems and needs regarding
health by individuals (Bates and Ellaway, 2016). This also includes identification of potential by
individuals so that they can improve their own health by themselves. The communication also helps
in providing education about health. From this the information providers can identify the knowledge
and behavior about individuals towards health. Along with this, this can also influence the learning
process that helps individuals to make their decisions regarding issues that develop within their
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health. The objective of health education is to develop positive influence in the behavior of
individuals so that their condition in health can enhance.
The health promotion provides strategies among service users from which their health can be
improved. This includes developing various public policies of health among individuals and
communities so that health can be formatted effectively among them. The promotion of health can be
promoted by creating environment from which has can influence in an appropriate manner. It also
includes the providing support and strength to the action of community and individuals from whom
they feel positive towards health and can promote it. There are different types of determinants of
health area from which promotion of health is developing that help in improving the health of
individuals (Shenai, Gopalan and Glance, 2019). These determinants include social, political, cultural
and educational from which health can be promoted properly. This can be occur through as
individuals have various impact of these determinants in their life. The reorientation of different
services of health is also and effective strategies from which have can be promoted effectively among
individuals and communities. As each individual have their own beliefs and culture through which
health can be promoted. there are various needs and requirements are occur of an individuals from
which health can be promoted among them so that they can acquire better strategies with their
activities so that health can be promoted effectively.
There are different strategies are used in different campaigns so that health can be improved
for a better outcome. The different strategies can be used at different level so that health promotion
can influence communities and individuals. It involves providing information and educating people
about healthy practices in their daily activities so that better health outcomes can be developed
(Serbim, Paskulin and Nutbeam, 2019). The changing in behavior of organization and in social
physical and environmental factors can also mode has from which health of individuals can be
improved. The strategies include providing advertisement, posters and activities among individuals
so that they can properly provide information about health from which there health can be improved.
The appropriate influenced environment can also help in bringing the changes that is needed within
campaigns so that improved has can be achieved. The campaigns must uses various skills from which
they can motivate to individuals about improvement in health.
Different theoretical models are used in local health education campaigns
There are various selected theories and models that are used for health promotion and disease
prevention programs which include:
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The health belief model is used to promote health and various programs. This model helps in
analyzing the changes within behavior of an individual regarding health. With the help of this model
the behavior of an individual can be understand properly. As each individual have their beliefs on the
condition of health from which their behavior developed towards health. This model can be used in
health promotion through campaigns. With this the various education and formation can be provided
to individuals about health. As the people need to educate about various diseases conditions and
habits from which their health can effect. These factors can include intake of drugs smoking alcohol
improper diet etc. There are six type of construction in the health belief model from which behavior
of individual related to health can be evolved.
 Perceived susceptibility:- This step is related to the perception of a person of acquiring risk of
disease. This is based on the feeling of an individual including their vulnerability to condition
of health.
 Perceived severity:- This is linked with the feeling of an interpreter on the serious about
leaving the condition of health untreated. Within this individual start evaluating consequences
of medical and social (Lee and et. al., 2019).
 Perceived benefits:- In this step, the effectiveness on perception of an individual can be seen
in which various actions are made in order to reduce the impact of condition on health. In this
the person evaluates both susceptibility and security including benefits. From this a person
start receiving actions of health as it is considered as beneficial for them.
 Perceived barriers:- This step is linked with the perception of individual regarding obstacles
in order to receiving action of health. In this various conceptions occur regarding side effects
and unpleasant, etc.
 Cue to action:- This refers to the instinct of individuals so that they can make their decisions
within health action. This can be occur from both internal and external.
 Self-efficacy:- This step is linked with the ability of a person to achieve successfully the action
from which they can perform better behavior regarding health.
This model helps in providing education according to the behavior of individuals. As with the help of
this model the campaign can analyses the behavior of a person from which they can provide
education of health according to them. Along with this, they can provide information about
performing health screening on a regular basis so that their condition can be enhanced.
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