Health Promotion Models: Symbolic Interactionism, Structural Theory

This report delves into the realm of health promotion, emphasizing its significance in raising public awareness about healthy lifestyles and disease prevention. It explores the application of effective health promotion models, such as symbolic interactionism and structural theory, to create impactful promotional campaigns. The report provides detailed descriptions of various health promotion models, including the ecological model, health belief model, and the trans theoretical model, along with their respective benefits in motivating individuals to adopt healthy habits. Symbolic interactionism is examined as a framework for understanding how interactions shape individual behaviors, and structural theory is presented as a foundation for designing comprehensive health promotion strategies. The report also highlights the importance of considering factors such as intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community elements when developing health promotion programs, and it underscores the role of healthcare professionals in creating interactive campaigns that encourage healthy choices and prevent severe health problems. Overall, the report provides a comprehensive analysis of health promotion models and their practical implications for enhancing public health.

Health Promotion Model

Introduction
Health promotion refers to an effective method for increasing awareness among people related to
healthy lifestyle and precautions for remaining healthy. It includes the criterion of encouraging
people to adopt healthy lifestyle by eating healthy food and do regular workout which facilitate
to prevent the diseases (Bajamal and et. al., 2017). This project will focus on use of effective
health promotion models which are favourable to carry out efficient promotional campaigns to
gain better outcomes. It will also include description related to different health promotion models
with their benefits to motivate citizens for adoption healthy habits to remain disease free.
Task
Symbolic Interactionism and Structural theory
Symbolic interactionism can be defined as a perspective which is major framework of
sociological theory. It includes the fact that people grows and develop on the basis of their
increased interaction with people in society. Meanwhile, it is favourable for individuals to more
interact with new people because different aspects of life and every new person with teach them
something new that facilitate development respectively. It includes another fact that people act
according to their interpretation of world’s different aspects that impact on their growth as well
as development. However, it has been analysed that symbolic interaction theory is helpful to
analyse the society with the help of addressing subjective meanings that people impose on
objects, events as well as behaviours. It consist the criterion that when individuals face some of
events and objects in life then they learn from them to gain experiences for further decision
making in future (Khoshnood, Rayyani and Tirgari, 2018). It is necessary for people in terms of
observing different aspects happened in daily life and never hesitate in meeting with new people
in society as it increase their experiences for gaining better learning of world’s aspects. People
can learn many things form events happened daily and improve skills as well as knowledge for
betterment of their life.
In addition to this, symbolic interactionism is an effective strategy to be used in terms of carrying
out health promotion by interacting more with people to increase their awareness of healthy
habits for improving health status of entire population. It is necessary for care professionals to
make interactive health promotion campaign which impact positively for motivating individuals
to avoid unhealthy activities like smoking, excess junk food, processed items, alcohol intake and
1

drug abuse so that severe health problems can be prevented among people living in the country.
However, it has been identified that symbolic interactionism influence to utilise appropriate
health promotion model according to specific topic of health which facilitate to gain better
outcomes respectively. It includes the way of increasing the knowledge level among among
people about particular disease in order to improve their regular lifestyle for maintains
appropriate health condition (Lari, Tahmasebi and Noroozi, 2018). Moreover, the use of
symbolic interactionism theory is suitable for making accurate decision of adopting more
effective as well as efficient health promotion model for conducting respective programs in
appropriate manner. It will facilitate to deliver accurate information about precautions to citizens
to make sure about their better health condition with the help of prevention severe disease
between them.
Structural theory can be described as set of theories which can be used for carrying out effective
health promotion campaigns properly. It is observed that health promotion principles are
required to be considered including broad & positive health concept, participation &
involvement, action & action competence, settings perspective and equity in health. It is
necessary to use effective strategies of health promotion like enabling, mediating and advocacy.
Basically, it includes several health promotion models such as ecological model, health belief
model, stages of change model (Trans theoretical model), social cognitive theory and theory of
reasoned action or planned behaviour. However, it has been evaluated that appropriate health
promotion model is beneficial to make campaign or programs more effective which has
increased potential for influencing change in behaviour of people to maintain better health status
accordingly. Initially, the ecological model focus on number of components such as intrapersonal
or individual factors, interpersonal factors, institutional & organisational factors, community
factors and public policy factors (KHODAVEISI and et. al., 2016). It includes the fact that
interaction between and interdependence of elements within ad across all levels of a health issue.
It is responsible for highlighting interactions of individuals with their physical as well as
sociocultural environments.
Secondly, it has been evaluated that health belief model which is mostly used for guiding health
promotion as well as disease prevention programs which is favourable to influence behavioural
changes among population. It is favourable to explain and predict desired changes due to which
it is most widely used model for carrying out health promotion effectively. Thirdly, it is observed
2

that Trans theoretical model is use as it has stages of change which can be adopted to make
healthy modifications in habits of people with the help of considering several stages of this
theory. It includes pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and
termination which are suitable to remove unhealthy habits along with adoption of healthy
activities between citizens to ensure their appropriate health condition. However, it has been
determined that social cognitive theory is important model that is favourable to make health
promotion program effective as it has potential to influencing actions, behaviours and habits of
people. It includes the criterion of using several key components including self-efficacy,
behavioural capability, expectations, expectancies, self-control, observational learning and
reinforcements respectively. Moreover, the final model is theory of reasoned action or planned
behaviour which states that health behaviour of an individual can be determined by their
intention to perform the behaviour. It is required motivate people by changing their mind sets to
improve their habits which facilitate to prevention severe disease among citizens.
Conclusion
From the above assignment, it has been concluded that nursing is an important profession to
provide accurate care facilities for welfare of patients. It includes their role of carry out effective
health promotion campaign in order to increase awareness among people for enhancing their
lifestyle for preventing disease. However, it includes use of symbolic interactionism and health
promotion theories like health belief model etc.
3

References
Books and journals
Bajamal, E. and et. al., 2017. Physical activity among female adolescents in Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia: A health promotion model-based path analysis. Nursing research, 66(6), pp.473-482.
Khoshnood, Z., Rayyani, M. and Tirgari, B., 2018. Theory analysis for Pender’s health
promotion model (HPM) by Barnum’s criteria: a critical perspective. International Journal of
Adolescent Medicine and Health, 1(ahead-of-print).
Lari, H., Tahmasebi, R. and Noroozi, A., 2018. Effect of electronic education based on health
promotion model on physical activity in diabetic patients. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome:
Clinical Research & Reviews, 12(1), pp.45-50.
KHODAVEISI, M. and et. al., 2016. Dietary behavior status and its predictors based on the
pender's health promotion model constructs among overweight women referred to Fatemieh
hospital clinics in Hamedan.
4