Health Promotion through the Lifespan: Essay on Health Issues

This essay delves into the influence of the life course on health and wellbeing, specifically focusing on mature adulthood (ages 50-80). It examines the main life events during this stage, such as family raising, career establishment, and contributions to society, and their impact on health. The essay highlights the significance of factors like nature, nurture, and culture in influencing health outcomes, particularly concerning chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer. The essay also explores health promotion interventions, focusing on diabetes, and emphasizes the importance of patient-level interventions, combined diet and physical activity programs, case management, community health worker engagement, and intensive lifestyle interventions. It concludes by emphasizing the role of these interventions in promoting healthy behaviors and improving the quality of life for individuals in this age group.

Health Promotion
through the Lifespan

Table of Contents
PART 1 - DESCRIBING AND ANALYSING THE INFLUENCE OF LIFE COURSE ON
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING......................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
PART 2 - FOCUS ON HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTIONS FOR ONE HEALTH
ISSUE TYPICALLY EXPERIENCED DURING A CHOSEN STAGE OF THE LIFE SPAN. . .6
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................6
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................6
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

PART 1 - DESCRIBING AND ANALYSING THE INFLUENCE OF LIFE
COURSE ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING.
INTRODUCTION
Development across the lifespan that is human development across the lifespan involves
and encompasses number of factors like Physical, Cognitive and Psychosocial changes taking
place throughout the life of an individual (Hubley and Copeman, 2018). The influence and
impact it has over the life, health and well-being of an individual is significant as it decides his or
her lifelong evolution and sustainability. The stage of a human lifespan which is concentrated in
this essay will be Matured Adulthood which is also known as Benevolence. The age of the
individuals lies between 50 to 80 years, the people who have accomplished huge life goals and
have been a huge contributor to the society and the world.
BACKGROUND
The stage of life and the age group which is focused in the essay is the people belonging
to the mature adulthood and 50 to 80 years of age. The main life events which goes on in this
stage of life are raised families, established themselves in their work life. As well become
contributors to the betterment of society through volunteerism, mentorship, and other forms of
philanthropy as well as financial supports. Basically, in the stage of Mature Adulthood the
person or the individual have already achieved a lot in life till then and have set number of
examples for coming generations in their family and even the world removing any exceptional
cases and scenarios (Agide and et. al., 2018).
MAIN BODY
The stage of Mature Adulthood in consideration to human life is commonly known and
referred as Ageing. A stage of Ageing in clinical terms and in Biological senses explained as the
period of one's life which is a result of accumulation of wide range of molecular and cellular
damage and destruction in organs of human being over time. The result of it is gradual and
eventual decreasing of physical health leading to decreasing mental health and then the social
existence of the individual. Another outcome of it is speedily growing capacity to a human body
to get diseases and risk of life which can ultimately leads the person to death.

These changes and depletion of health is not liner or consistent change in life of a human
being. As the age group cover 30 years of age difference one 55 years old can be fully health and
self aware on the contrary other individual belong to the same age some years older can face
several concussions and difficulties. Other then health and Biological aspects ageing that is
belonging to Mature Adulthood period also relates with retirement from job, relocation to better
housing and death of friends and family of similar age group. This aspect and changing scenario
refers to life transactions of ageing.
In consideration of the respective aspects of ageing and old age the public health response
in regards to the same needs to be more practical and concentrated over both the direction like
ameliorating the losses related to death due to old age but also in the area of reinforcing
recovery, adaption and psychosocial growth. A key and a common health problem which is
being faced by people of old age in the age group of 50 to 80 is Chronic diseases (Edelman,
Mandle and Kudzma, 2017).
According to the digits and facts presented by the National Council on Ageing it is states
that around 90% of old humans suffers from one Chronic Disease and 77% of them have 2 or
more Chronic Diseases to fight with and survive. Some examples of these Chronic Diseases
which are very common and costly are Diabetes, Heart Diseases, Stroke and Cancer.
The National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion have
suggested many behaviours for ageing people. Beginning with regular meeting with a physician
for a monthly or an annual check-up, keeping a healthy & balanced diet and keeping a routine
and exercising daily to help manage or prevent chronic diseases. Obesity is a growing problem
among older adults which creates home for the Chronic Diseases to develop and affect the health
of human being which is why engaging in the above mentioned lifestyle schedules can help
reduce obesity and associated chronic conditions and enable the individual to lead a healthy life
for a littler longer then general and form others.
The Nature, Nurture and Culture of individuals do have significant impact on their
health and most importantly while they are ageing and moving towards the age of Mature
Adulthood (Kaholokula, and et. al., 2018). The nature refers to the environment in which a
person lives which will be highly effective as it is scientifically proven fact that a healthy and
safe environment is the best solution for humans to have a flourishing disease free lives.
Sometimes the problems and health issues which can not be resolved by science are healed by

nature. Then again comes the aspect of nurture, which refers to lives of an individual and how
one is raised. Nurturing a healthy life with appropriate measures and processes which keeps
people active like proper eating habits, ignoring smoking and consumption of alcohol will
automatically enable people to stay as far as possible to Chronic Diseases and stay happy and
healthy in their lifespan.
Moving along the concerns are raised for culture in relation to Chronic Diseases which is
a considerable component. Some Chronic Diseases like Diabetes spreads in the community and
to families with same traits. This means culture sometimes have critical impact on the ageing
health and issues of individuals but will be highly ignorant and reduced once the individual will
take up proper nurturing and make sure to be adding best practices in their lifestyles and day to
day living (Polan and Taylor, 2019).
CONCLUSION
In accordance to the discussion conducted in the essay it is concluded that Chronic
Diseases and challenges are the major and the common issues which are faced by humans at the
ageing life stage of their lifespan. The natural, nurture and cultural factors as well as theories do
have significant influence on the betterment and development of individuals as well as helps in
coping with the problems of the ageing factor.

PART 2 - FOCUS ON HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTIONS FOR
ONE HEALTH ISSUE TYPICALLY EXPERIENCED DURING A
CHOSEN STAGE OF THE LIFE SPAN.
INTRODUCTION
Health promotion is a process in which development of several programmes takes place
in order to render more control and power to individuals over their life and health in different life
stages and span. The health promotion thus covers range of social and environment interventions
which assist in protecting and benefiting the life and health of a person and preventing the root
cause of their problems (Hallam, Creech and Varvarigou, 2017). The three key opportunities
which are kept in focus for making and rendering the most suited health promotion at different
stages are Good Governance, Health Literacy and Healthy Cities. The life stage which is
considered in this essay and on which the whole discussion will be conducted is the Mature
Adulthood and the age group of 50 to 80. The problem that is disease on which concentration is
placed is Diabetes and other Chronic Diseases.
BACKGROUND
The health promotion involves the development and usage of an intervention for making
the best use of resources to offer the best and healthy life to the person or the individual suffering
from respective diseases. The intervention or the health promotion on which discussion will be
conducted is of Diabetes and some other Chronic Diseases in case of curing and preventing the
health issue to take place in life span of an individual specifically at the age of 50 to 80 year old
(Robertson and Baker, 2017). The major reason of the intervention to be discussed and people
needs to be made aware of is as the Chronic Diseases like Diabetes and some rare type of Cancer
can be transmitted to future generations of the people as the genes shows inheritance traits.
Hence, it make the intervention and health promotion more and more important for spreading
awareness and keeping people informed.
MAIN BODY
Diabetes affects at least 171 million people worldwide and is drastically increasing day
by day and in many countries with the main causes of highly increasing obesity, sedentary
lifestyle and ageing populations. Amongst all certain population sub groups are highly at risk in

regards to acquiring diabetes which also involves non-white ethno racial groups and people with
low socio economic status (SES). The risks for these groups rises in a way for foremost reason
of late diagnosis, poor diabetes control and self-management. The results are pretty much clear
and evident with increased visits to hospitals, regular hospitalizations and day by day
deteriorating health and physical as well as mental condition of the individual (Kubzansky and
et. al., 2018).
Thus, the main objective of introducing and working on Interventions or Health
Promotion programmes is to improve diabetes outcomes and can be easily directed towards those
individuals in need and by using the expertise of health providers or the health care system.
Patient level interventions like the measure established for people actually suffering form the
disease includes that are directed towards improved self-management, including medication, diet
control, exercise, self-monitoring, and appropriate use of health care services. Continuing
professional education and knowledge in the area of translation is the examples of strategies
conscious for bringing improvement in the health provider care (Fertman and Grim, 2016).
The health promotion approaches which needs to be underpinned and adopted for
effective implementation of the plans and developed intervention activities are as mentioned. To
begin with implementation of combined diet and physical activity promotion programmes needs
to be placed for preventing type 2 diabetes for people at increased risk. Such action plan can
include counselling and coaching. Another measure is to develop case management interventions
which will help in making coordination and provide healthcare to those affected by diabetes and
also to those who are seeming some symptoms of it. The third most important and necessary
aspect is to engage community health workers in diabetes prevention programs to improve
glycemic control that will make sure of keeping the blood sugar level of individuals in control
and weight related or obesity outcomes for people at increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
Then with the movement further in life intensive lifestyle interventions for patients with
type 2 diabetes to improve glucose control and support dietary modification in their day to day
food consumption, regular physical activity and weight management. Develop team base care
interventions to help patients manage diabetes and improve blood glucose, blood pressure, and
lipid levels (Schoenfelder and Kollins, 2016).

CONCLUSION
The above report concludes the discussion made over the intervention and health
promotions require to overcome the identified diseases in the age group of 50 to 80 in their
lifespan. The interventions plays a key part in keeping the population safe and highly aware
about the changes they need to make in life for living a healthy and safe life.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Agide, F. D. and et. al., 2018. A systematic review of health promotion interventions to increase
breast cancer screening uptake: from the last 12 years. European journal of public
health, 28(6), pp.1149-1155.
Edelman, C. L., Mandle, C. L. and Kudzma, E. C., 2017. Health promotion throughout the life
span-e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Fertman, C. I. and Grim, M., 2016. Health promotion programs: from theory to practice. John
Wiley & Sons.
Hallam, S., Creech, A. and Varvarigou, M., 2017. Well-being and music leisure activities
through the lifespan. The Oxford handbook of music making and leisure, pp.31-60.
Hubley, J. and Copeman, J., 2018. Practical health promotion. John Wiley & Sons.
Kaholokula, J. K. and et. al., 2018. Culturally responsive approaches to health promotion for
Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. Annals of Human Biology, 45(3), pp.249-263.
Kubzansky, L. D. and et. al., 2018. Reprint of: Positive Psychological Well-Being and
Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Health Promotion Series. Journal of the American
College of Cardiology, 72(23 Part B), pp.3012-3026.
Polan, E. U. and Taylor, D. R., 2019. Journey across the life span: Human development and
health promotion. FA Davis.
Robertson, S. and Baker, P., 2017. Men and health promotion in the United Kingdom: 20 years
further forward?. Health Education Journal, 76(1), pp.102-113.
Schoenfelder, E. N. and Kollins, S. H., 2016. Topical review: ADHD and health-risk behaviors:
toward prevention and health promotion. Journal of pediatric psychology, 41(7),
pp.735-740.