Health Promotion in the UK: Models, Strategies, Beliefs, and Conflicts

This report provides a comprehensive overview of health promotion in the UK, beginning with definitions and explanations of health promotion models such as Beattie's Model and the Health Promotion Theory. It analyzes the link between government health strategies like health literacy initiatives and health promotion campaigns with the discussed models. The report further elaborates on the role of health professionals in promoting health and the importance of establishing healthy routines. It delves into the concept of health beliefs, presenting the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Health Action Model within the UK context. Finally, it discusses the potential effects of conflicts with local industry on health promotion efforts and underscores the importance of providing relevant health-related information to the public, referencing political views on health promotion in the UK.

Health Promotion
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Table of Contents
TASK 2 ...................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Define and explain at least two models of health promotion.....................................................3
2.2 Choose two government health strategies for health education at the regional level and
analyze the link between the government health strategy and the models analyzed in the above
point.................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 Explain the role of health professionals in health promotion and discuss the importance of
establishing routines for healthy living.............................................................................................5
Task 3.....................................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Concept of health belief and 3 health beliefs present in UK............................................................5
3.2 Discuss the possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health promotion......7
REFERENCES:.......................................................................................................................................10
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TASK 2
2.1 Define and explain at least two models of health promotion.
Health promotion models are provided to ensure that effective set of practices could be taken
into consideration and to ensure that health of the people available in the society could be
managed. These models helps in spreading effective set of information related with managing
the health of targeted population and helping them to ensure that they could remain healthy
and fit. Some of the health promotion models are:
Beattie’s Model
There are certain aspects included in Beattie’s model of health promotion. These aspects
include health persuasion, legislative actions, personal counseling and community
development.
Activities related with health persuasion are normally taken under consideration by health
professionals. These are the activities which are focused at individual level, and are
authoritative approach in which decision making is not dependent upon an individual
(Marriner, 2005).
There are certain interventions which are initiated by the experts or professionals so as to
protect the interest of the people available in the community.
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One on one discussion is held with the client in personal counseling and specific needs of an
individual are fulfilled.
For example, in the borough of Brent, London there is a massive anti-smoking campaign ,
there is a local NHS Stop Smoking Service where which people can access by phone or see
an advisor.
Interventions targeted at community level are focused upon in community development.
Health needs of the people are identified by the community which seeks to empower and
helps in making the rational choices (Polit, 2007).
Health Promotion Theory
Health promotion theory model include health education with the effect of which information
related with how people could manage their health is provided, Health protection include
various aspects with the effect of which people could remain fit and could void the risk of
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diseases. Health prevention includes prevention of diseases with the help of various medical
treatments. These are the certain aspects that are provided in a health promotion theory which
can help the people to take precautions so as to prevent the health related issues (Rimal, et.
al., 2005). Aspects related with the necessary steps that are to be taken in health and social
care process are provided so that people could remain healthy and fit.
(Alcalay, et. al., 2000)
2.2 Choose two government health strategies for health education at the regional level
and analyze the link between the government health strategy and the models
analyzed in the above point
There are various government health strategies developed so as to educate the people
regarding the steps necessary to be undertaken so as to manage the health related issues and
live healthy. Two government health strategies for health education are:
Health literacy in which camps are organized by the government in both rural as well as urbal
areas so as to provide the information related with the steps that should be taken by the
people so as to remain healthy and prevent all diseases. World Health Organization is a
government organization which focus on all these aspects so as to ensure that people could
remain fit and fine (National Institutes of Health. 1995).
Health promotion is another strategy that is applied by the government so as to inform people
how to remain healthy. There are various techniques used by the government like
advertisements on television, posters, flyers and organizing cultural events so as to prvide
appropriate information related with health aspects. Such type of activities attracts people and
help in making them understand the importance of remaining fit and contributing their share
towards healthy environment.
Link between government strategies and above models is that both are working towards
sharing effective set of information regarding how to manage the health and what are the
precautions that could be taken by the people so as to remain healthy and fine (Marriner, et.
al., 2005).
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2.3 Explain the role of health professionals in health promotion and discuss the
importance of establishing routines for healthy living.
Health professionals play a very vital role in health promotion as they are the people who
have effective knowledge regarding the steps that are to be taken by the people so as to
manage their healthy living.
Health professionals ensure that they should spread effective amount of information to the
target population in relation with the health of the people. Information related with how to
prevent the diseases should be provided by the health professionals so that target population
could ensure that they could remain safe from all the vulnerabilities and diseases.
Health professionals treat each and every person equally. They avoid discrimination as their
ultimate role is to promote healthy environment and to help the people in getting treated for
the diseases they are having.
Health professionals help and motivate the people to take corrective actions so as to manage
their health and live healthy life (Glasby, 2012).
They ensure that the health inequalities could get reduced by increasing involvement and
participation of individuals and communities in identifying the needs of health.
Health professionals try to reduce the costs to the health care systems by proving instructions
applying which could help them in reducing the diseases and help them in managing the
health.
Importance Of Daily Routine
Daily routines provided by the health professionals like counselors, nurses and doctors
provides structure to the people of what to be done and what not to be done so as to remain
healthy.
It helps in increasing the efficiency of the people with the effect of which they could work
more effectively.
It helps in building the momentum of the people and ensures that work could be managed in a
proper manner (Newacheck, 2004).
Task 3
3.1 Concept of health belief and 3 health beliefs present in UK
Health belief model is the theory which remains useful in understanding and
predicting the behavior of an individual with reference to health. As per this model, the
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attitude and behavior of a human is being focused. The present model was introduced against
the non accomplishment of TB services st free. As a result, health belief model is being
adapted for expanding the health behaviors in long and short terms. In present context to UK,
the major health beliefs are introduced in UK explained further.
Theory of reasoned action: On the basis of the stated model behavioral intentions plays an
essential role in order to analyze the behavior of an individual. For example, the behavior of
the smokers can be evaluated by using TRA model. This model will assist in judging those
elements which are responsible for raising the smoking habits of the adults in UK. However,
the stated model is adapted in UK so that the smoking habits of the adults can be examined.
Following model is explained beneath.
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Health action model: Health action model is fruitful for the evaluation of changes in the
behavior of health. It can also be said that as per this model the compromising attitude of the
people towards treatment is altered with health enhancing attitude. The UK health and care
department has a major focus on the enhancing the attitude of the people to enhance their
interest towards their health care.
3.2 Discuss the possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health
promotion.
There are various conflicts that could affect the health promotion process as these conflicts
arise either from journal public or from health care practitioners. These conflicts could hinder
in the process of health care practices and promotion of such practices which could help the
general public to remain healthy and fit.
For instance, the anti-smoking campaign would help people understand that smoking is a
really bad habit and is the main cause for lung cancer. So if people quit smoking, it would
reduce the NHS costs but at the same time the government would collect less taxes.
Conflicts could directly impact the mental health of the people as they will not be able to
make the decisions of what steps they should take to manage their health.
It will lead to increase in the diseases in the people which will affect the community and will
affect the environment (Acheson, 1998).
Health of people should always remain on priority which will get affected as they will not be
able to focus on the health care aspects.
It is necessary that these conflicts should be reduced so as to manage the health and social
care practices and keep the environment healthy.
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There are various government agencies that release the information related with the health
and helps the government in health promotion process these agencies and people who helps
the government health promotion process are: school nurses, physicians, NGO’s, community
workers, etc.
It is necessary that people should get proper information and awareness related with the risks
related with the lifestyles or various other habits, about the disease that could affect their
health, how they could be prevented, and availing the health facilities in the societies. There
are various diseases which affects the health of the people as either they are not aware of such
diseases or these are neglected due to lack of information. Hence, it is necessary to the health
and social practitioners and educated people should take initiative and make a step ahead to
spread information related with such diseases and help out the people to stay healthy.
3.3 Explain the importance of providing relevant health related information to public.
There are different political views in UK about health promotion in society. In the Labour's
Manifesto, the Labour Party says that they are going to save the NHS by recruiting 8,000
more GPs and 20,000 more nurses. They put the patients first and promise to tackle long
waits and staff shortages ( www.labour.org.uk). Elderly and disable people would have better
care and want to create a Cancer Treatments Fund in order to give access to patients to the
latest drugs, more efficient surgeries and radiotherapy. They want to stop privatisation in
healthcare.
The Conservative Party focuses on the increase of the tobacco taxes hence reducing the
number of smokers. They also proposed a new tax on sugary drinks with the promise that the
takings would be used in schools providing more physical activities ( www.theguardian.com).
It is necessary that relevant health related information must be provided to the public as it
helps in keeping the environment healthy and happy. Spreading such type of information also
helps in decision making aspects as with the effect of these aspects various necessary
decisions could be taken. Elderly and disable people would have better care and want to
create a Cancer Treatments Fund in order to give access to patients to the latest drugs, more
efficient surgeries and radiotherapy. They want to stop privatization in healthcare. There are
certain points that will help in developing better understanding that why it is important to
provide relevant health related information to general public:
 Health related information helps in taking corrective decisions at the time of
emergency.
 This helps to measure the health status of the people
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 Various health problems could be quantified with the help of such activity
 Health care needs could be fulfilled
 It helps in educating the people of what to do and what not to do in health care related
aspects.
 It ensures that people could remain healthy (Bartley, 2004).
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13. Rimal RN, Real K. (2005) How behaviors are influenced by perceived norms: a test
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